C# Exception Hierarchy Quiz

Exception Hierarchy

• All exceptions in C# are subclasses of the Exception class, which is part of the System namespace.
• Two main types of exceptions:
  • ApplicationException: User-defined exceptions.
  • SystemException: Exceptions generated by the Common Language Runtime (CLR).

Common Exceptions

• System.Exception: The base class for all exceptions.
• System.ArithmeticException: Thrown for errors in arithmetic operations or conversions.
• System.OverflowException: Thrown when an overflow occurs in a checked operation.
• System.ArgumentException: Thrown when a method receives an invalid argument.
• System.ArgumentNullException: Thrown when a method receives a null argument.
• System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Thrown when an array is accessed with an index that is outside its bounds.
• System.OutOfMemoryException: Thrown when there is insufficient memory to allocate a request.
• System.StackOverflowException: Thrown when the execution stack is exhausted due to too many pending method calls.
• System.FormatException: Thrown when a string or argument does not have the expected format.

The Try-Catch Block

• Used to handle exceptions in C#.
• Four keywords are used:
  • try: Contains the block that may throw an exception.
  • catch: Catches the exception thrown in the try block.
  • throw: Manually throws an exception.
  • finally: Executes a given statement regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.

Throwing an Exception

• Can be done automatically by the runtime system or manually using the throw keyword.
• Syntax of manually throwing an exception: throw new exception_Object;
• exception_Object is an instance of a class derived from the Exception class.

Creating Custom Exceptions

• C# allows creating custom exceptions by inheriting from the Exception class or one of its derived classes.
• A custom exception class is created using the following format:

  public class CustomizeException: Exception{
      // code here
  }
  

• A constructor is added with the following format:

  public class CustomizeException: Exception{
      public CustomException(string str): base(str){
      }
  }
  

• The CustomizeException class now acts like other standard exceptions and can be thrown and caught.

Test your knowledge of exceptions in C# programming! This quiz covers the different types of exceptions, including application and system exceptions, as well as common examples such as ArgumentNullException and StackOverflowException. Perfect for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of error handling in C#.