C++ Class and Data Structures Quiz

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of tree allows for search operations wherein each node's left subtree contains only values less than or equal to the node's value?

All of these

Strictly Binary Tree

AVL Tree

Binary Search Tree (correct)

If node A in a binary search tree is deleted, which nodes could potentially replace it?

L and M

D and E

J and I

H and E (correct)

In which case can a single rotation fix the balance of an AVL tree?

Insertion into left subtree of right child

Insertion into left subtree of left child (correct)

Insertion into right subtree of left child

Insertion into right subtree of right child (correct)

How can elements in an AVL Tree be accessed?

Both linear and non-linear ways Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of an AVL tree?

Non-linear data structure Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is NOT correct regarding linked lists?

In a linked list, elements are necessarily contiguous. Signup and view all the answers

In a postfix expression, each operator refers to how many previous operand(s)?

Two Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tree structure allows balancing through rotations?

AVL Tree Signup and view all the answers

Which calling method maintains the original value of the argument in the calling function?

Call by passing the value of the argument Signup and view all the answers

For a tree to be considered an AVL tree, which of the following must be true?

All the nodes fulfill the AVL condition Signup and view all the answers

What statement correctly changes the currentNode in a linked list to refer to the next node?

currentNode = currentNode->nextNode; Signup and view all the answers

What defines a priority queue compared to a regular queue?

Elements are added based on priority, not FIFO Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a self-referential data type?

Link list Signup and view all the answers

How many pointers does each node in a doubly linked list contain?

2 pointers Signup and view all the answers

During an insertion into an EMPTY queue implemented with a linked list, which pointers change?

Both change Signup and view all the answers

In a tree structure, what does it mean if a node has at least one sibling?

The node shares a parent with another node Signup and view all the answers

How many pointers does each node in a Binary Search Tree (BST) have?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which operator has the highest precedence in expressions?

Exponentiation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered linear data structures?

Both Stacks and Queues Signup and view all the answers

What is the last entry that points to a null value in a Singly Linked List called?

Last Node Signup and view all the answers

Which member function can alter the private member variables of the foo object that activates the function?

Only x can alter the private member variables. Signup and view all the answers

Are non-recursive calls generally faster than recursive calls?

True Signup and view all the answers

What type of data structure is a tree considered?

Non-Linear Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum depth of recursive calls a function may make?

There is no fixed maximum. Signup and view all the answers

If n is the number of nodes in a complete Binary Tree, what is the maximum steps required for a search operation?

Log2 (n + 1) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid postfix notation for the expression A+B*C-D?

ABC*+D- Signup and view all the answers

In which notation is an operator placed between two operands?

Infix Signup and view all the answers

In the linked list implementation of the stack class, where does the push member function place the new entry?

At the head of the list. Signup and view all the answers

In a circular array implementation of the queue class with a capacity of 42, where does the push member function place the new entry?

At the next available position in the array. Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression AB+C* represent in terms of notation?

A postfix expression. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the member function declarations in the class foo?

z cannot modify its parameter since it's a const function. Signup and view all the answers

How does changing the parameter to const affect the ability to modify it within a function?

It prohibits any modifications to the parameter. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly defines the comparison between two class objects using the LessThan function?

if (alpha.LessThan(beta)) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the difference between data structures?

A queue is a FIFO data structure, whereas a stack is a LIFO data structure. Signup and view all the answers

Which operator has higher priority than all others?

Exponentiation operator Signup and view all the answers

How many pointers does each node in a Binary Search Tree have?

2 pointers Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about trees is INCORRECT?

A search tree is a special type of tree where all values are unordered. Signup and view all the answers

What can be said about the size of arrays after their creation?

We can neither increase nor decrease the array size after their creation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum time complexity for searching an element in an AVL tree?

Log2(n+1) Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure allows for size changes after its creation?

Linked List Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

C++ Class Declaration

x(foo f) can alter the private member variables of the foo object that activates the function.
y(const foo f) cannot alter the private member variables of the foo object that activates the function, as it is declared as a constant parameter.
z(foo f) const cannot alter the private member variables of the foo object that activates the function, because the function itself is declared as const.

Recursive Function Calls

There is no fixed maximum depth of recursive calls a function can make.

Complete Binary Trees

The maximum steps required for a search operation in a complete binary tree with n nodes is Log2(n+1) -1.

Linked List Implementation of the Stack

The push member function in a linked list implementation of the stack class places the new entry at the head of the linked list.

Circular Array Implementation of the Queue

The push member function in a circular array implementation of the queue class places the new entry in the array, but the exact placement depends on the specific implementation details. The text provided doesn't sufficiently detail this.

Postfix Expression

The expression AB+C is called a postfix expression.

Binary Search Tree

A binary search tree is a binary tree where every node has a value, every node's left subtree contains only values less than or equal to the node's value, and every node's right subtree contains only values that are greater than or equal to the node's value.

AVL Tree

An AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree. It is a non-linear data structure.

Linked Lists Overview

In a linked list, elements are not necessarily contiguous in memory.
Elements in a linked list can be located at far positions in memory.
In a linked list, each element has a pointer to the next element in the list.
In an array, the elements are always contiguous in memory.

Postfix Expression

Each operator in a postfix expression refers to the previous two operands.

Function Calling Methods

Call by passing the value of the argument does not change the original value of the argument in the calling function.

AVL Tree

A tree is an AVL tree if all of the nodes fulfill the AVL condition.

Node Manipulation in a Linked List

The statement currentNode = currentNode->nextNode; changes currentNode so that it refers to the next node in the linked list.

Priority Queue

A queue where the dequeue operation depends on factors other than FIFO (First-In, First-Out) is called a priority queue.

Self- Referential Data Types

Stacks, queues, and linked lists are all considered self-referential data types.

Doubly Linked List Structure

Each node in a doubly linked list has two pointers—one to the previous node and one to the next node.

Insertion in an Empty Queue

Both the front and rear pointers will change during the insertion into an empty queue implemented with a linked list.

Sibling Nodes in a Tree

All nodes in a tree that have more than one child have at least one sibling. This statement is about how a "sibling" node is defined, not about the number of nodes with siblings.

Data Structre Size Modification

The size of a linked list, binary search tree, and AVL tree can all be changed after their creation.

Operators and Precedence

The expression alpha.LessThan(beta) correctly compares two class objects alpha and beta.

Queue and Stack

A queue is a FIFO (First-In, First-Out) data structure, whereas a stack is a LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) data structure.

Operator Precedence

The exponentiation operator has the highest priority among the operators (+, -, *, /).

Binary Search Tree Node Structure

Each node in a binary search tree has two pointers, one for the left child and one for the right child.

Tree Data Structure

Trees are recursively defined multi-dimensional data structures.
The order of a tree indicates the maximum number of children allowed at each node of the tree.
A search tree is a special type of tree where all values (i.e., keys) are ordered.

Array Size

We can neither increase nor decrease the array size after its creation.

Searching an Element

Searching an element in an AVL tree takes a maximum of Log2(n+1) time, where n is the number of nodes in the tree.

Non - Recursive Calls

Non-recursive calls are faster than recursive calls, as they do not have the overhead of function call stack management.

Tree: Linear or Non-Linear

A tree data structure is a non-linear data structure.

Postfix Notation

The valid postfix notation of A+B*C-D is ABC+D-*.

Infix Notation

When an operator is used in between two operands, this is called infix notation.

Postfix Expression

abc+d-* is a valid postfix expression.

Data Structures: Compound Data Structures

Compound Data Structures are those composed of one or more fundamental data structures.
Arrays, linked lists, and binary search trees are all considered compound data structures.

Pointer Declaration

If a pointer is declared but not assigned a variable address, it will contain a NULL value.

Linear Data Structures

Stacks and queues are both linear data structures.

Singly Linked List: Null Entry Point

Each entry that points to a null value in a singly linked list is known as a last node.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on C++ class declarations, recursive functions, complete binary trees, and data structures such as stacks and queues. This quiz covers key concepts and implementation details that are essential for understanding C++. Challenge yourself and see how much you know!