C++ Arrays

C++ Arrays

• An array in C++ is a variable that can store multiple values of the same type.
• Arrays are useful when dealing with a large amount of data of the same type, such as storing grades of students in a class.

Declaring Arrays

• The general syntax for declaring an array in C++ is: dataType arrayName[arraySize];
• For example: int x[6]; declares an array of 6 integers.

Accessing Array Elements

• Each element in an array is associated with a number, known as an array index, starting from 0.
• Elements of an array can be accessed using their indices, for example: array[index];
• The array indices start with 0, and the last element is stored at index n-1, where n is the size of the array.
• Elements of an array have consecutive addresses, with each element's address incremented by the size of the data type.

Array Initialization

• In C++, arrays can be initialized during declaration, for example: int x[] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9, 15};
• The compiler automatically computes the size of the array if it's not specified.

Array with Empty Members

• If an array has a size n, but fewer than n elements are initialized, the remaining elements will be assigned default values (usually 0).
• For example: int x[6] = {19, 10, 8}; will assign 0 to the remaining 3 elements.

Inserting and Printing Array Elements

• Array elements can be inserted or updated using their indices, for example: mark[3] = 9;
• Array elements can be printed using cout, for example: cout << mark[0];