C++ and Unix/Linux Basics Quiz

What is the purpose of the new keyword in C++?

A dangling pointer refers to a pointer that points to a memory location that has been deleted.

What is recursion?

One byte is equivalent to ______ bits.

Match the following data types with their respective sizes in bytes:

Which command is used to change file permissions in Unix/Linux?

The command 'mkdir' is used to delete files in Unix/Linux.

What does 'cin.clear()' do in C++?

The command 'ls -l' provides detailed information about files, including their ______.

Which of the following is a persistent I/O manipulator for cin/cout?

Match the following commands with their functions:

In C++, the type specifier '%d' is used for floating-point numbers.

What does 'argv' stand for in the context of command-line arguments?

What is always stored in the first element of argv?

String streams can only be used to write to files.

What is the output of a binary search on a sorted array if the target is not found?

The __________ sorting algorithm repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

Match the following number systems with their characteristics:

Which operator is a unary operator among the following?

In C++, when an array is passed to a function, a copy of the entire array is made.

What must be included to use string streams in C++?

Creating a variable that stores the memory address of another variable.

Accessing the value stored at the memory address pointed to by a pointer.

Creating memory during runtime using the 'new' keyword to allocate space in memory for variables.

A condition where memory used by a program is not properly deallocated or freed, thus causing loss of system resources.

A programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a smaller instance of the same problem.

Different operational states in VIM (e.g., command mode, insert mode, visual mode).

Setting access rights for users (owner, group, others) for files and directories in Unix/Linux using octal numbers to manage read, write, and execute permissions.

Clears the error flags associated with the input stream cin (e.g., if an invalid input type is entered).

Skips over a specified number of characters in the input stream cin. Useful for discarding unwanted input.

Creating an array-like data structure capable of dynamically resizing; similar to Java's ArrayList, stores elements of the same data type.

Opens a file for reading or writing; initializes a file stream object to access a physical file from a program.

Command-line arguments; argv is an array of strings, argc is the count of arguments (use with argc to avoid going beyond the array's bounds!).

Verifying if file stream operations were successful (e.g., .fail(), .is_open()).

A method of passing arguments to a function where a copy of the argument is created and passed to the function. Changes made to the copy inside the function do not affect the original variable.

A method of passing arguments to a function where the function receives a reference (or alias) to the original variable, not a copy. Changes to the argument inside the function directly affect the original variable.

Arrays are automatically passed by reference in C++. When an array is passed as an argument to a function, the function receives a pointer to the first element of the array, and changes made to its elements within the function affect the original array.

argc (argument count) is an integer that holds the number of command-line arguments given, and argv (argument vector) is an array of strings that contains the actual arguments.

Streams that work with strings instead of files or the console; used to read/write data into and from strings.

A search algorithm that operates on sorted data by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. Very efficient.

A search algorithm that checks each element of a data structure sequentially until a match is found.

Operations performed on binary numbers (e.g., AND, OR, XOR, NOT).