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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the 'Linking process' in programming?
What is the origin language of C++?
What is the main difference between High-Level Languages and Machine Code?
What is the purpose of compiling in the programming design process?
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What is the purpose of the 'Designing Programs' stage in programming?
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What is the main purpose of computers in programming?
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What is the purpose of the 2nd design step in writing an algorithm?
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What is the output of the program designed to calculate a person's age in months and days?
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What is the purpose of using pseudocode in writing an algorithm?
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What is the input required by the program designed to calculate a person's age in months and days?
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What is the computation process involved in calculating a person's age in months?
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What is the purpose of including test values in the computation process?
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What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?
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What is the term for a bundle or collective of hardware signal lines in a computer system?
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What is the primary function of the I/O Interfacing Circuitry in a computer system?
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What are the three main components of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?
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What is the term for the physical devices of a computer system?
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What is the primary function of the Memory in a computer system?
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Study Notes
Linking Process and C++ Language
- C++ is a high-level language used in this module, derived from C programming language.
- C language was first developed by Dennis Ritchie at the AT&T Bell Laboratories for implementing the UNIX Operating System.
Designing Programs
- The design process of a computer program has six stages:
- Write the problem statement
- Define inputs, computation, and outputs
- Generate test data
- Write the algorithm using pseudo-code or flow chart
- Translate the algorithm into a program (coding)
- Compile, debug, and test the program
- Three major steps are:
- Define inputs, computation, and outputs
- Write the algorithm using pseudo-code or flow chart
- Translate the algorithm into a program (coding)
Computer Basics
- A computer system is made up of hardware and software
- Hardware includes physical devices such as processing units, keyboard, screen, and memory
- Basic computer architecture consists of four main parts:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Memory
- I/O Interfacing Circuitry
- Data Bus, Address Bus, and Control Bus
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Controls system operations
- Consists of three subsystems:
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- Clock
- Control Unit
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logic operations
Flowchart Symbols
- Start and end of module or function (terminator)
- Processing block
- Input and output
- Decision flow
- Flow direction
Algorithm Design
- Example of designing a program to calculate a person's age in months and days
- Inputs needed: name and age (in years)
- Program has to calculate age in months and days
- Outputs: name, age (in years), and computed values
Writing Algorithms using Pseudocode
- Pseudocode is an informal way of writing an algorithm
- Example of writing an algorithm using pseudocode to calculate age in months and days
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Description
Explore the basics of C and C++ programming languages, including their history, features, and applications. Learn about the development of C and its evolution into C++. Discover the importance of these languages in various industries, especially in engineering.