C and C++ Programming Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the 'Linking process' in programming?

To combine existing codes with new codes (correct)

To debug and test the program

To write the problem statement

To generate test data

What is the origin language of C++?

Python

Java

C Programming Language (correct)

JavaScript

What is the main difference between High-Level Languages and Machine Code?

High-Level Languages are closer to human language, Machine Code are closer to binary (correct)

High-Level Languages are used for operating systems, Machine Code is used for web development

High-Level Languages are used for web development, Machine Code is used for operating systems

High-Level Languages are easier to write, Machine Code are harder to write

What is the purpose of compiling in the programming design process?

To translate the source code into object code Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Designing Programs' stage in programming?

To define the Inputs, Computation, and Outputs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of computers in programming?

To solve problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 2nd design step in writing an algorithm?

To define the inputs, computation, and outputs of the program Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the program designed to calculate a person's age in months and days?

Age in months and days Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using pseudocode in writing an algorithm?

To write an informal and high-level representation of the algorithm Signup and view all the answers

What is the input required by the program designed to calculate a person's age in months and days?

Age in years Signup and view all the answers

What is the computation process involved in calculating a person's age in months?

Age in months = 12 x Age Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including test values in the computation process?

To calculate the output values manually Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

To perform arithmetic and logic operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a bundle or collective of hardware signal lines in a computer system?

Bus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the I/O Interfacing Circuitry in a computer system?

To interface with external devices Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

Arithmetic Logic Unit, Clock, and Control Unit Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical devices of a computer system?

Hardware Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Memory in a computer system?

To store programs and data Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Linking Process and C++ Language

C++ is a high-level language used in this module, derived from C programming language.
C language was first developed by Dennis Ritchie at the AT&T Bell Laboratories for implementing the UNIX Operating System.

Designing Programs

The design process of a computer program has six stages:
- Write the problem statement
- Define inputs, computation, and outputs
- Generate test data
- Write the algorithm using pseudo-code or flow chart
- Translate the algorithm into a program (coding)
- Compile, debug, and test the program
Three major steps are:
- Define inputs, computation, and outputs
- Write the algorithm using pseudo-code or flow chart
- Translate the algorithm into a program (coding)

Computer Basics

A computer system is made up of hardware and software
Hardware includes physical devices such as processing units, keyboard, screen, and memory
Basic computer architecture consists of four main parts:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Memory
- I/O Interfacing Circuitry
- Data Bus, Address Bus, and Control Bus

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Controls system operations
Consists of three subsystems:
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- Clock
- Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logic operations

Flowchart Symbols

Start and end of module or function (terminator)
Processing block
Input and output
Decision flow
Flow direction

Algorithm Design

Example of designing a program to calculate a person's age in months and days
Inputs needed: name and age (in years)
Program has to calculate age in months and days
Outputs: name, age (in years), and computed values

Writing Algorithms using Pseudocode

Pseudocode is an informal way of writing an algorithm
Example of writing an algorithm using pseudocode to calculate age in months and days

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Description

Explore the basics of C and C++ programming languages, including their history, features, and applications. Learn about the development of C and its evolution into C++. Discover the importance of these languages in various industries, especially in engineering.