Untitled Quiz

False

True

<p>We associate movements with life because we think of movement as a response to a change in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants grow out into the sunshine, Children try to get pleasure and fun out of swinging, Buffaloes chew cud to help break up tough food</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This means that living organisms use systems to provide control and coordination in response to change in their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In animals, the functions of the body are controlled and coordinated by the nervous and muscular tissues, which are interconnected by nerves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All information from the environment is detected by the specialized tips of some nerve cells, called receptors, usually located in our sense organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The information is sent to the cell body via a chemical reaction that creates an electrical impulse. This impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body, and then along the axon to its end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the end of the axon, the electrical impulse sets off the release of some chemicals. These chemicals cross the gap, or synapse, and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the next neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reflex action is a sudden action in response to something in the environment, without thinking about it, or without feeling in control of our reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We would think about the pain and the possibility of getting burnt, and therefore move our hand. This process is called thinking and takes more time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's faster and more efficient than thinking to respond to dangerous situations. Having reflex actions means that you don't need to think about the situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's is a neural pathway that controls a reflex action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The connection between the input nerve and the output nerve occurs in the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as a relay center, sending information received from the environment to the brain, and also helping to control reflex actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain is the main coordinating center of the body. It receives information from all parts and integrates it, allowing for us to think about and make decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These are actions that are based on deciding what to do next, and include things like writing, talking, moving a chair, clapping at the end of a program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The central nervous system is the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system is the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three main parts of the brain are the fore-brain, the mid-brain, and the hind-brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fore-brain is the thinking part of the brain. It receives sensory impulses and processes them, allowing us to make decisions about how to respond to the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hunger center is situated in the fore-brain and is responsible for the feeling of being full.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The medulla in the hind-brain controls all the involuntary actions, such as blood pressure, salivation and vomiting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cerebellum is responsible for precision of voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and balance of the body. It also helps with coordination and precision in our movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain is protected by the cranium (skull) and the cerebrospinal fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spinal cord is protected by the vertebral column or backbone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a nerve impulse reaches the muscle, it triggers a chemical reaction that causes the muscle fibers to move. This involves contracting and relaxing, which changes the shape of the muscle cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscle cells have special proteins that change their shape and arrangement in the cell in response to nervous electrical impulses. This causes the muscle cell to contract or relax, and change shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reflex action is an automatic response to a stimulus, whereas walking is a voluntary action that requires us to think about it and make a conscious decision to move. This is controlled by the brain, whereas reflex actions are controlled by the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the synapse, an electrical signal is transmitted from one neuron to another through the release of chemicals called neurotransmitters, which cross the gap and start a similar electrical impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smell of an agarbatti (incense stick) is detected by the specialized olfactory receptors located in our nose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cerebellum, a part of the hind-brain, is responsible for maintaining posture and equilibrium of the body. It allows us to coordinate our movements and keep our balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain receives information from the spinal cord about the reflex action, and can also override the reflex action if necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sensitive plant detects touch through specialized cells in its leaves. The information is then communicated from cell to cell using electrical-chemical means. This allows for a rapid response to touch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The leaves of the sensitive plant move by changing the amount of water in their cells, which causes them to swell or shrink. This alters the shape of the leaves, causing them to fold up and droop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main types of plant movement are: 1. Immediate response to stimuli, which does not involve growth, and 2. Movement due to growth, where the response is a result of the plant growing. This is a slow and gradual movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shoots grow towards light for photosynthesis because they need the energy from the sun. The hormone Auxin helps to stimulate the growth of the cells on the side of the shoot away from light, causing it to bend in the direction of the light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Roots grow away from light because light is not needed, and the root needs to grow downwards to access the water and minerals in the soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geotropism is the directional growth of a plant in response to gravity. The roots of a plant always grow downwards, while the shoots usually grow upwards and away from the earth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants communicate information within their bodies through electrical-chemical means. This is not as fast or specific as the nervous system in animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants that respond quickly to touch need to be able to move away from potential threats quickly, while plants that respond slowly to light and gravity have more time to adjust to changes in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plant hormones are chemical messengers that help to regulate growth and development. They are produced in one part of the plant and then travel to other parts, where they influence the activity of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The movement of leaves of the sensitive plant in response to touch is immediate and does not involve growth. The movement of a shoot towards light is gradual and involves growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auxin is a plant hormone that promotes growth. It is involved in the growth of stems and roots. It plays a crucial role in phototropism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a tendril touches a support, the side of the tendril touching the support does not grow as fast as the side that is not touching the support. This results in the tendril coiling around the support and the plant climbing upwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You could place two pea seeds in a Petri dish lined with moist filter paper. Place the dish in a dark place, tilting it so that one seed is higher than the other. Observe the growth of the roots. The roots will grow downwards, even if the seeds are not in the same position. The roots of the higher seed will grow downwards, even if they have to grow sideways first. This demonstrates that the roots are growing in response to gravity. A similar experiment could be done with a seedling that is not a pea seed. This is hydrotropism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones are used in animals to regulate various processes in the body. Just like electrical impulses, hormones are chemical messengers that are used to communicate information within the body. They can reach all cells of the body and can be done steadily and persistently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a squirrel is in a scary situation, its body needs to prepare for either fighting or running away. These are both complex activities that require the body to use a lot of energy. This requires the body to coordinate many different tissue types and integrate them together, as well as prepare its muscles for the action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Squirrels, and many animals, need to respond to threats in the environment quickly. It is essential for survival that they are able to fight or flee. This coordinated response is known as the fight-or-flight response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenaline is a hormone that is secreted from the adrenal glands. It is secreted directly into the blood stream. It allows the body to prepare for physical activity by increasing heart rate, breathing rate, and diverting blood to the skeletal muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones coordinate growth and development by regulating the rate at which cells divide. They can also influence how cells differentiate and specialize. This is a complex process, but it is essential for the development and growth of an organism, both in plants and animals. They also help regulate energy metabolism and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormones have specific functions means that each hormone has a specific target organ or tissue that it works on. For example, adrenaline affects the heart and blood vessels, while growth hormone affects the growth of bones, muscles. This is why hormones can be such a powerful tool for regulating the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pancreas secretes insulin. This hormone plays an essential role in regulating blood sugar levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When adrenaline is secreted into the blood, the heart beats faster, breathing rate increases, and blood is diverted to the skeletal muscles. This prepares the body for physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with diabetes have difficulty in producing sufficient insulin. This means that they cannot properly regulate their blood sugar levels and are at risk of developing serious health problems. Insulin injections help to regulate their blood sugar levels and manage their diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autotrophic nutrition is where organisms make their own food from simple inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide and water. Heterotrophic nutrition is where organisms rely on other organisms for their food, consuming complex organic molecules. Autotrophs make their own food, while heterotrophs rely on consuming other organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nervous system uses electrical impulses to transmit messages and control rapid responses, while hormones are chemical messengers that regulate slower and more long-term processes such as growth and development in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys. These tiny structures are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. They reabsorb essential substances back into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount of urine produced is regulated by a feedback mechanism. When the body has more water, the kidneys reabsorb more water, resulting in less urine production. When the body has less water, the kidneys reabsorb less water, resulting in more urine production. It is also regulated by hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants get rid of excretory products in a variety of ways. Some are stored in cellular vacuoles, others are stored in the leaves that fall off. Some waste is excreted as resins and gums, especially in old xylem. Plants also excrete some waste substances into the soil. This is a more efficient process than that of animals, because they don't have organs like kidneys and cannot excrete liquid waste as animals do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Fertilization is the fusion of the male and female gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The seminal vesicles secrete a fluid that nourishes and helps transport the sperm. The prostate gland secretes a milky fluid that contributes towards the volume of the semen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The changes seen in girls at the time of puberty include breast development, the onset of menstruation, and the growth of pubic hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The embryo gets nourishment inside the mother's body through a specialized tissue called the placenta, which provides a large surface area for glucose and oxygen to pass from the mother to the embryo. The embryo also excretes waste products, which pass into the mother's blood through the placenta. This exchange of nutrients and waste is crucial for the growth and development of the embryo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers