Business Management and Sustainability
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What is one way Vietnam is promoting sustainability through renewable energy?

By actively promoting wind and solar power

What is one strategy Vietnam is implementing to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution?

  • Promoting the use of bicycles and electric vehicles (correct)
  • Building more highways
  • Encouraging more private car ownership
  • Expanding public transportation networks (correct)

    • Preserving cultural heritage and traditional practices is not a part of sustainability efforts in Vietnam.

    False

    What is the educational background of Dr. Pham Thuy Thuy Dung?

    <p>Bachelor of International Trade, Foreign Trade University; Master of Business Administration and Marketing, ISB-UEH; PhD of Business, Feng Chia University</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 8 key dimensions of sustainability?

    <p>Environmental Sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sustainable development aims to meet only the needs of the present generation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Vietnam, efforts to improve water quality include stricter environmental standards and __________.

    <p>wastewater treatment facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following dimensions of sustainability with their descriptions:

    <p>Environmental Sustainability = Preserving natural ecosystems and resources Social Sustainability = Promoting equity, social justice, and human rights Economic Sustainability = Emphasizing responsible economic resource use Cultural Sustainability = Preserving cultural heritage and diversity Institutional Sustainability = Promoting transparency and good governance Technological Sustainability = Developing technology for sustainability goals Ethical and Moral Sustainability = Promoting ethical conduct and respect Intergenerational Sustainability = Ensuring future generations' needs are met</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does green intrinsic motivation play in forming consumers' intention to buy green electronics products?

    <p>It can play a central role in forming consumers' intention to buy green electronics products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consumers who lack interest in green initiatives and passion for performing green tasks are likely to prefer green products. (True/False)

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Green ______ can be described as the tendency of individuals to behave environmentally friendly due to external rewards such as saving, admiration, or popularity.

    <p>extrinsic motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of including external rewards like discounts, time-bound offers, or gifts on consumers' intrinsic motivations for purchasing green electronics products?

    <p>Decrease their intrinsic motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main questions investigated in the research article?

    <p>Whether green thinking and green altruism directly predict green purchasing intention, and how green intrinsic and extrinsic motivations can explain these relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'Green thinking' as mentioned in the content.

    <p>Green thinking refers to being aware of our interconnectedness with the world and reflecting on the unintended damage caused to nature in daily life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Green altruism has been added as a new element in current research to account for the affective effect on individuals' environmental behavior.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Green intrinsic motivation refers to consumers' tendency to engage in environmental behaviors out of their affection for the ______.

    <p>environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scale was used for all variables, with 1 representing strongly disagree and 5 representing strongly agree?

    <p>Five-point Likert scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Common method bias was found to be a serious threat in the research study.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the researchers do to ensure content validity regarding the questionnaire?

    <p>Had a pilot test on 30 respondents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is green extrinsic motivation defined as?

    <p>External benefits such as reward, appreciation, or approval that are not coming naturally from within individuals’ selves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Hair et al. (2016), a ___________ is a variable that intervenes in the effect between two other variables.

    <p>mediator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the cognitive-affective behavior model, what plays a role in shaping human behavior?

    <p>Both thinking and feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consumers with high cognitive powers tend to show self-driven engagement in environmental-friendly behaviors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    __________ possess sufficient knowledge of environmental problems.

    <p>green thinkers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Green extrinsic motivation = External incentives like rewards for behaving in an eco-friendly way Green altruism = Affective motivation encouraging pro-social consumption behaviors Green intrinsic motivation = Consumers’ enjoyment derived from using green products Green thinking = Cognitions, perceptions, and beliefs about green products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the abbreviations GT, GA, GIM, GEM, and GPI stand for in the context of green purchasing intentions?

    <p>GT=green thinking, GA=green altruism, GIM=green intrinsic motivation, GEM=green extrinsic motivation, GPI=green purchasing intention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept partially mediates the relationship between green thinking and green purchasing intention?

    <p>Green Intrinsic Motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Green extrinsic motivation showed a significant moderating effect on the relationship between green altruism and green purchasing intention.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consumers in China are known for their love of nature and tend to pursue their interests during shopping, making them more inclined to buy green electronics products when they are self-absorbed in _______ products.

    <p>green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theoretical contribution do the results make regarding intrinsic motivation and green purchasing intention?

    <p>External drivers do not only weaken the effect of intrinsic motivation but also reduce the affection for the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some practical insights provided for stimulating consumers' demand for green electronics products?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Green intrinsic motivation like interest and joy positively influences consumers' adoption of green products.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To encourage environmentally friendly consumers, care should be taken when enforcing promotions on green products and focusing on increasing consumers' ________.

    <p>intrinsic motivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following authors with their research related to green purchase behavior:

    <p>Abdul-Muhmin, A.G. = Explaining consumers' willingness to be environmentally friendly Akehurst, G. = Re-examining green purchase behavior and the green consumer profile Ashfaq, M. = Modeling the determinants of users' satisfaction and continuance intention of AI-powered service agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is focused on comparing cognitive-affect behavior and the theory of reasoned action for green consumption?

    <p>Theory of Planned Behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two mechanisms compared for green consumption?

    <p>cognitive-affect behavior and theory of reasoned action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The moderating role of __________ is investigated in green chicken purchase behavior.

    <p>price transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following researchers with their area of focus:

    <p>Y. Liu, S. Segev, M.E. Villar = Green consumption mechanisms A. Davari, P. Iyer, D. Strutton = Moral links between religiosity, altruism, and green consumption M.M. Minbashrazgah, F. Maleki, M. Torabi = Green chicken purchase behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood donation is considered an act of altruism according to the text.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Instructor Profile

    • Dr. Pham Thuy Thuy Dung, PhD of Business
    • Former Country Sales Manager of Weichai Vietnam, Sales Manager of Cummins DKSH Vietnam, Business Development Manager of OSC Marine, and Import and Export Manager of Bach Viet JSC
    • Bachelor of International Trade, Foreign Trade University; Master of Business Administration and Marketing, ISB-UEH; PhD of Business, Feng Chia University
    • Email: [email protected]

    Course Overview

    • Assessment tasks: • In-class quiz (15%) • Team Presentation and Debate (25%) • Team Report (30%) • Final Exam (30%)
    • Class design: • Section lecturing • Presentation/Debate • In-class activity: case discussion

    Section 1: Introduction to Sustainability

    • Learning objectives: • Understand the basic concept of sustainability and globalization • Get familiar with UNSDGS • Know the trends of sustainability
    • Learning outcomes: • Understand Globalization and Sustainability • Prepare foundation knowledge for exploring the next sections

    Sustainable Development

    • Definition: meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
    • Two key concepts: • The concept of “needs,” particularly the essential needs of the world’s poor • The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs
    • Priority: the satisfaction of essential needs should drive economic and political systems

    United Nations - Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGS)

    • 17 goals
    • A call for action by all countries to promote prosperity while protecting the planet
    • Recognize the importance of ending poverty while addressing social needs, including education, health, social protection, and job opportunities, while tackling climate change and environmental protection

    The Multidimensional Concept of Sustainability

    • 8 key dimensions of sustainability: • Environmental Sustainability • Social Sustainability • Economic Sustainability • Cultural Sustainability • Institutional Sustainability • Technological Sustainability • Ethical and Moral Sustainability • Intergenerational Sustainability

    Key Dimensions of Sustainability

    • Environmental Sustainability: • Preserve and protect natural ecosystems and resources • Reduce ecological footprint, conserve biodiversity, minimize pollution, and mitigate climate change
    • Social Sustainability: • Promote equity, social justice, and human rights • Address issues like poverty, inequality, and social cohesion
    • Economic Sustainability: • Responsible use of economic resources to support long-term prosperity • Promote fiscal responsibility, responsible business practices, and ethical considerations
    • Cultural Sustainability: • Preserve cultural heritage, traditions, and identities • Promote cultural diversity and safeguard intangible cultural assets
    • Institutional Sustainability: • Transparent, accountable, and effective institutions • Implement and enforce policies and regulations that support sustainability goals
    • Technological Sustainability: • Develop and use technology that supports sustainability objectives • Minimize the negative impacts of technology on the environment and society
    • Ethical and Moral Sustainability: • Address the values and principles that guide decision-making and behavior • Promote ethical conduct, responsibility, and respect for human rights
    • Intergenerational Sustainability: • Ensure that the needs and opportunities of future generations are not compromised • Make choices that consider the long-term consequences of actions and policies

    Sustainability in Vietnam

    • Environmental Conservation: • Bio-diversity • Deforestation • Water Pollution
    • Economic Development: • Green Growth • Circular Economy
    • Social Equity: • Poverty Alleviation • Labor Rights
    • Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: • Rising Sea Levels • Renewable Energy • Carbon Reduction
    • Urbanization and Infrastructure: • Sustainable Cities • Public Transportation
    • Cultural Heritage: • Preserve cultural heritage and traditional practices

    Tragedy of the Commons

    • Case discussion

    Sustainable Production and Consumption

    • The research article discusses how "green" thinking and altruism influence purchasing intentions for electronics products.

    Green Thinking and Green Purchasing Intention

    • Green thinking refers to being aware of our interconnectedness with the world and reflecting on the unintended damage we cause to nature in our daily lives.
    • Green thinkers show strong cognitive abilities and tend to be more cautious in their decisions and actions due to environmental concerns.
    • Green thinking has a significant impact on purchasing intentions for green electronics products.

    Green Altruism and Green Purchasing Intention

    • Green altruism refers to the extent to which consumers generally desire to benefit the environment and others selflessly.
    • Green altruism has a significant impact on purchasing intentions for green electronics products.
    • Altruistic individuals are more inclined to the ecological benefits of their actions than the positive outcomes for their gains.

    Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

    • Green intrinsic motivation refers to consumers' tendency to engage in environmental behaviors due to their affection for the environment.
    • Green extrinsic motivation refers to external benefits such as rewards, appreciation, or approval that drive consumers' behavior.

    Cognitive-Affective Behavior Model

    • The cognitive-affective behavior model proposes that thinking and feeling play a role in shaping human behavior.
    • Green thinking (evaluation) and green altruism (emotion) are two constituents of consumers' green purchasing intention.

    Research Model and Hypotheses

    • The research model integrates green thinking, green altruism, green intrinsic motivation, and green extrinsic motivation to explain purchasing intentions for green electronics products.

    • Hypotheses:

      • H1: Green thinking is likely to increase purchasing intention for green electronics products.
      • H3: Green thinking is likely to increase intrinsic motivation for green electronics products.### Altruism and Environmental Behavior

    • Altruism is defined as the affective concern for others and the wellbeing of society (Philip et al., 2019; Wei et al., 2013).

    • Altruistic consumers with pro-environmental traits have a more inborn tendency to be emotionally attached to the greenness of the environment and wellbeing of living beings (Panda et al., 2020).

    • Cognitive-affective behavior theory supports the humane trait of individuals as a motivating factor to participate in green behaviors (Corbett, 2016).

    • Altruism is directly linked to the purchase intentions for green products (Bautista et al., 2020; Davari et al., 2017).

    Green Thinking and Intrinsic Motivation

    • Green thinking is likely to increase consumers' green intrinsic motivation to perform environmentally-friendly behavior (Huang et al., 2016).
    • Intrinsically motivated individuals perform tasks with their interest in the task rather than for external rewards (Deci and Ryan, 1985).
    • Green thinking can provide the first cognitive signal to generate green intrinsic motivation, which may eventually lead to the purchase intention for green electronics products.

    Intrinsic Motivation and Green Purchasing Intention

    • Green intrinsic motivation is likely to increase purchasing intention for green electronics products (H5).
    • Intrinsic motivation has the potential to translate consumers' environmental characteristics such as passion, interest, and love for a green environment into consumers' purchase intentions for green products.
    • Green intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between green thinking and green purchasing intention for green electronics products (H6).
    • Green intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between green altruism and green purchasing intention for green electronics products (H7).

    Extrinsic Motivation and Green Purchasing Intention

    • Green extrinsic motivation can be described as the tendency of individuals to behave environmentally friendly due to external rewards such as saving, admiration, or popularity (Wenjing et al., 2020).
    • Green extrinsic motivation tends to reduce the intrinsic motivation of individuals to perform eco-friendly behaviors (Huang et al., 2016).
    • Green extrinsic motivation is likely to minimize the intention to purchase green electronics products of environmentally conscious (green thinkers), self-motivated (intrinsically motivated), and environmentally friendly (altruistic) consumers.

    Research Methodology

    • A survey method was used to collect data from 2021 young Chinese buyers from three metropolitan cities in China (Dalian, Hangzhou, and Shenzhen).
    • The questionnaire was designed in English and translated into Chinese, and then back-translated into English to ensure content validity.
    • The data was collected from March 2019 to May 2019 using both online and offline means.### Study of Green Purchasing Intention
    • The study examines the psychological aspects of green purchasing intention, specifically the roles of green thinking, green altruism, green intrinsic motivation, and green extrinsic motivation.
    • The research aims to understand how these motivations influence green purchasing intention and behavior.

    Key Findings

    • Green thinking and green altruism have a significant positive effect on green purchasing intention.
    • Green intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between green thinking and green purchasing intention.
    • Green intrinsic motivation fully mediates the relationship between green altruism and green purchasing intention.
    • Green extrinsic motivation has a moderating effect on the relationships between green intrinsic motivation and green purchasing intention, as well as between green altruism and green purchasing intention.

    Theoretical Implications

    • The study contributes to the literature by introducing a psychological mechanism that explains how green thinking and green altruism influence green purchasing intention through green intrinsic motivation.
    • The research highlights the roles of green intrinsic motivation and green extrinsic motivation in shaping consumers' green behaviors.
    • The study provides insights into the underlying mechanisms that drive consumers' green purchasing intentions and behaviors.

    Practical Implications

    • The research suggests that marketers should focus on promoting green thinking and green altruism to encourage green purchasing intention and behavior.
    • Businesses should emphasize the environmental benefits and values of their green products to appeal to consumers' intrinsic motivations.
    • The study implies that external rewards or promotions may not be as effective in driving long-term green consumption behaviors as internal motivations and values.

    Consumer Behavior

    • Consumers who are environmentally conscious and think deeply about environmental problems are more likely to engage in green purchasing behavior.
    • Individuals who are driven by intrinsic motivations, such as enjoyment and interest in the environment, are more likely to adopt green consumption behaviors.
    • Green extrinsic motivation, such as discounts or rewards, can have a controlling effect on consumer behavior, potentially undermining intrinsic motivations.

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    Description

    This quiz is about business management and sustainability, covering topics such as sales management, business development, and import and export management. It may also touch on the importance of globalization in business decisions.

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