Business Legislation Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of civil law?

Define individual obligations to society

Punish offenders against the state

Establish the steps for filing a criminal case

Remedy the wrong suffered by a breach of civil law (correct)

Which court is primarily associated with criminal law?

Family Court

Magistrate’s Court or High Court (correct)

Administrative Court

District Court

What is the focus of substantive law?

Rights and obligations of persons and governments (correct)

The administration of justice

Procedures for conducting a trial

The enforcement of legal obligations

Which of the following best describes public law?

Law that deals with state and individual relations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes procedural law from substantive law?

Procedural law governs steps to enforce legal obligations (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of law applies specifically to individuals in a particular territory, such as Muslim law?

Personal law (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of administrative law?

To govern public administration and the powers of authorities (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a branch of law mentioned?

Investment law (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of law deals primarily with offenses that threaten public safety and welfare?

Criminal law (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which area of law concerns the enforceability of agreements made between parties?

Contract law (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which area of law would issues of marriage, divorce, and child custody be addressed?

Family law (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of tort law?

Civil wrongs leading to legal action (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does company law define the relationship of a company?

A company is a separate legal entity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does agency law primarily establish?

The contract between an agent and third parties (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a trustee in trust law?

To hold property for the benefit of another (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which law governs the rights and responsibilities in financial transactions between banks and their customers?

Banking law (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of legislation within businesses?

To protect the fair and safe treatment of parties involved (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does delegated legislation encompass?

Regulations made by local authorities and ministries (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus of the Constitution of Sri Lanka?

Environmental protection laws (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Constitution of Sri Lanka, who has the power to establish regulations and by-laws?

Local authorities and ministries empowered by Parliament (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas does the Constitution of Sri Lanka NOT cover?

Regulation of business competition (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the 'Supreme law' in Sri Lanka?

The law that governs all other laws and regulations (A) Signup and view all the answers

The Constitution of Sri Lanka includes provisions for which of the following?

The establishment of the office of auditor-general (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rights is guaranteed by the Constitution of Sri Lanka?

Freedom of expression and association (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which institution is stipulated by Article 105 of the constitution of Sri Lanka for the administration of justice?

Supreme Court (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum monetary jurisdiction of the Primary Court established under the Judicature Act No. 2 of 1978?

Rs. 1500 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of jurisdiction do Magistrate's Courts primarily exercise?

Original in criminal cases (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who appoints the Magistrates in Sri Lanka?

The Judicial Service Commission (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following powers does the Magistrate's Court NOT have?

Overseeing judicial appointments (D) Signup and view all the answers

Article 4 (c) of the constitution indicates that judicial power is exercised by whom?

Parliament (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum term of imprisonment for offenses handled by the Magistrate's Court?

Two years (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Judicial Service Commission is true?

The Chief Justice is the Ex Officio Chairman. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the District Court in civil cases?

Resolve all types of civil issues including property and debts (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which entity appoints judges of the High Court in Sri Lanka?

The President of Sri Lanka (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cases can appeals from the District Court be made to?

The High Court of Civil Appeal and then to the Supreme Court (B) Signup and view all the answers

What jurisdiction does the High Court of Sri Lanka NOT possess?

Family law jurisdiction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which court has the authority to correct errors in law or fact?

The Court of Appeal (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum and maximum number of judges that can sit in the Court of Appeal?

6 to 11 judges (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the Court of Appeal in Sri Lanka?

Examine case records from Courts of First Instance (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jurisdiction does the High Court NOT have?

Jurisdiction for family law (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Legislation and Law in Sri Lanka

Businesses must comply with laws for fair and safe treatment of all parties.
Legislation includes enacted law or statute law, consisting of acts passed by Parliament.
Delegated legislation refers to by-laws, orders, and regulations made by local authorities and ministries, requiring parliamentary approval for effectiveness.

Constitution of Sri Lanka

The Constitution of 1978 acts as the supreme law, governing the relationship between individuals and the state.
Key areas include:
- Interpretation of constitutional provisions
- National symbols (flag, anthem, day)
- Fundamental rights such as freedom of expression and civil liberties
- Issues regarding citizenship and immigration
- Presidential powers and public service appointments
- Electoral processes for various levels of government.

Civil and Criminal Law

Civil law addresses wrongdoings requiring remedies through lawsuits filed in the District Court, covering topics like contracts and divorce.
Criminal law defines offenses against society, aiming to preserve order through punishments; applicable cases are heard in Magistrate or High Courts.

Types of Law

Substantive law involves written statutory law detailing rights and duties.
Procedural law outlines processes for enforcing rights and obligations in court.
Public law deals with state-individual relationships, while private law assists with disputes in private matters.

Branches of Law

Major branches include:
- Constitutional law: Relationships between state and individuals.
- Administrative law: Governs public administration and authority duties.
- Criminal law: Focuses on crimes and public safety threats.
- Contract law: Enforceability of agreements between parties.
- Property law: Ownership rights and registration of land.
- Family law: Matters of marriage, divorce, and guardianship.
- Tort law: Civil wrongs giving rise to legal proceedings.
- Company law: Governs companies as separate legal entities.
- Agency law: Legal relationship between agents and principals.

Banking, Insurance, and Bankruptcy Law

Banking law regulates bank activities and transactions.
Insurance law encompasses life, motor, property, and marine insurance issues.
Bankruptcy law addresses the circumstances of individuals or entities unable to pay debts, based on English law.

Court System and Jurisdiction

Judicial power exercised through courts as per Articles 4 and 105 of the Constitution.
Key courts include:
- Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, High Court.
- Courts of first instance consist of the High Court, District Court, Family Court, Magistrate's Court, and Primary Court.

Court Characteristics

Primary Court: Lowest jurisdiction, limited to civil and criminal matters with a monetary limit of Rs. 1500.
Magistrate's Court: Deals with original jurisdiction in criminal cases, punishable offenses with limited penalties.
District Court: Handles unlimited jurisdiction in civil matters such as property disputes and family issues.
High Court: Engages in criminal jurisdiction, appeals from lower courts, and other legal matters.

Court of Appeal

The Court of Appeal reviews errors in law and fact, has appellate jurisdiction over first-instance courts, and can impose penalties for contempt of court.
Comprised of the President of the Court and up to 11 judges, sitting in Colombo.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential laws regulating business operations, including enacted and delegated legislation. Learn about the ordinances established by the Sri Lankan state council and their impact on fair business practices. Test your knowledge on key legislative concepts related to business law.