Business Intelligence Concepts and Trends

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Questions and Answers

What is a significant change in the evolution of Business Intelligence that occurred in the 2000s?

  • Development of Data Warehousing
  • Use of Dashboards and Scorecards (correct)
  • Introduction of Executive Information Systems
  • Implementation of Decision Support Systems

Which term best describes the concept that provides actionable insight derived from information?

  • Knowledge (correct)
  • Information
  • Wisdom
  • Data

Which of the following components is part of the Business Intelligence (BI) process?

  • Cloud Computing
  • Performance Management (correct)
  • Big Data
  • Transactional Processing

What was the focus of Business Intelligence systems in the 1990s?

<p>Business Intelligence and Data Warehousing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym DIKW stand for in the context of Data Science?

<p>Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company had the highest market share in the BI market in 2013?

<p>SAP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the revenue growth percentage for Microsoft in 2013?

<p>15.9% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which position is NOT typically associated with BI careers?

<p>Financial managers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What revenue did the 'Others' category achieve in the BI market in 2013?

<p>4,422.0 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is included in the 'big four' BI vendors?

<p>SAP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is primarily associated with information overloading?

<p>Difficulty in organizing data for effective access (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of structured data?

<p>Can be categorized and stored consistently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of unstructured data?

<p>Video files (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is referred to as numerical data?

<p>Data expressed in numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of data is primarily stored in transactional systems?

<p>Internal data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

External data can provide insights about which of the following?

<p>Market share and economic indicators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines qualitative data?

<p>Described in natural language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What problem does 'spreadmart' refer to in data management?

<p>Data being scattered across multiple systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of ETL in data processing?

<p>To perform extraction, transformation, and loading of data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'Transformation' step in ETL?

<p>Cleaning and structuring data for the destination format (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered super or power users in BI applications?

<p>Users who have advanced skills and access to deeper analytics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which application area focuses on analyzing customer behavior?

<p>Marketing and sales (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data formats do operational databases commonly use?

<p>Spreadsheets, text, CSV, and PDFs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of BI reporting?

<p>Accessing external data sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key use of BI in healthcare management?

<p>Collaborative filtering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes distributed data?

<p>Data spread across multiple locations or systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Business Intelligence?

<p>To enable strategic decision making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best defines Business Intelligence?

<p>A combination of processes, methods, and technologies for data analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between transactional processing and analytical processing?

<p>Transactional processing is concerned with operational tasks, while analytical processing supports decision making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Business Intelligence relate to knowledge management?

<p>BI encompasses analytical data processing, while knowledge management includes human experience as a source of intelligence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically involved in the creation of a Business Intelligence system?

<p>A combination of data warehouses and data marts for storing data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is an example of a front-end analytical tool in Business Intelligence?

<p>Oracle’s Sales Analyzer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a data warehouse in Business Intelligence?

<p>To store and organize large volumes of data for analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects a key aspect of Business Intelligence?

<p>It involves transforming raw data into meaningful information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential technical knowledge required for Business Intelligence?

<p>Knowledge of database systems and data warehousing technologies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ability is important for translating business requirements into technical specifications?

<p>Capturing and documenting the business requirements for BI solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a critical skill for effective communication in a business intelligence context?

<p>Ability to negotiate business contracts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the roles of a professional working in Business Intelligence?

<p>Training business users in information management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a key aspect of the BI project lifecycle?

<p>Defining project scope and timelines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does knowledge of data and information policies ensure in Business Intelligence?

<p>Adhering to security requirements and regulations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective communication within a business intelligence framework primarily involves which skill?

<p>Consultation with business users (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the focus when managing database system implementation in BI?

<p>Managing integration, implementation, and testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Data

Raw facts or values collected before any processing. Think of it as the basic building blocks of information.

Information

Organized, structured data that provides context and meaning. It turns raw data into something understandable.

Knowledge

The ability to apply knowledge and understanding to a situation, making it useful and actionable. It's about turning information into insights.

Wisdom

The highest level of understanding, combining intuition, experience, and judgement. It's about making the best decision based on your knowledge.

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Analytical Processing

The process of analyzing data and information to gain insights and make decisions.

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What is Business Intelligence?

A broad term encompassing methods, processes, applications, and technologies focused on collecting, transforming, and analyzing data for making better business decisions.

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Data Processing in BI

The process of capturing, storing, processing, and transforming raw data into meaningful and useful information for decision-making.

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Transactional Processing

A type of data processing focused on routine tasks such as inserting, modifying, deleting, and transmitting data.

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Data Warehouse

A repository for storing large volumes of data from various sources, often used for analysis and reporting.

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Data Mart

A subset of a data warehouse, focused on a specific business area or function, like marketing or finance.

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Analytical Tools

Software tools used to analyze and visualize data stored in data warehouses or data marts.

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Intelligence from Data

Turning data into knowledge, focusing on analytical processing, often used within the context of business analysis.

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Information Overloading

A situation where there's an overwhelming amount of data, making it difficult to organize for effective retrieval and analysis.

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Data Everywhere

Data residing in separate systems and sources, creating challenges for integration and analysis.

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Difficulty of Access

The challenge of accessing and retrieving specific information amidst vast amounts of data.

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Structured Data

Data that has a defined structure and can be easily categorized, stored, and managed in a database system.

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Unstructured Data

Data that lacks a predefined structure and can be in various formats, such as images, videos, text files, and audio files.

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Numeric Data

Data represented by numbers, collected and used for quantitative analysis.

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Textual Data

Data represented by text or natural language, used for qualitative analysis.

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Internal Data

Data generated within an organization, often stored in transactional systems used for internal operations.

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External Data

Data sourced from outside an organization, such as market research, industry reports, or economic indicators.

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Mega-vendors in BI

Companies that provide a wide range of Business Intelligence tools and solutions, often with extensive capabilities across data warehousing, analytics, and reporting.

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Gartner Magic Quadrant

A graphical representation of BI vendors based on their completeness of vision and ability execute.

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BI Tools and Systems Framework

Business Intelligence tools and systems that integrate data from various sources, process it, and make it accessible for analysis and reporting.

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BI Solution Architects

Individuals who design, implement, and maintain BI solutions, ensuring seamless integration and functionality across different systems.

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Business and BI Analysts

Professionals who identify business needs, translate them into data requirements, and interpret data to deliver actionable insights.

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Operational Database

A type of database designed for quick access and processing of data, often used for transactional operations.

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BI Applications

A category of software applications used to analyze data and draw conclusions, helping organizations make better decisions.

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BI Reporting and Delivery

The process of delivering insights from data analysis to users in a clear and understandable format, often through reports and dashboards.

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Power User

A type of user who has advanced knowledge and skills in using BI tools and interpreting data.

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Average User

A type of user who has basic understanding of data and uses BI tools for more general analysis and reporting.

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Data Extraction in ETL

The process of accessing data from various sources, including databases, spreadsheets, and flat files.

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Data Transformation in ETL

The process of transforming raw data into a usable format for analysis, including cleaning, structuring, and standardizing.

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What is data warehousing?

Data from multiple sources, often structured, prepared for analysis, and stored in a "data warehouse" for long-term storage.

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What is data analytics?

The process of analyzing data and information to identify patterns, trends, and insights. It's about understanding what the data means.

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What is data mining?

The process of discovering hidden patterns, trends, and relationships in large datasets. It's about finding insights that were not explicitly known.

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What is data science?

An interdisciplinary field combining computer science, statistics, domain expertise, and other areas to extract knowledge from data. It's about using data to solve problems.

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What is the role of "business and user requirements" in BI?

Gathering detailed user needs, understanding business processes, and transforming those needs into specific solutions. It's about bridging the gap between business users and technical teams.

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What is the importance of a "BI project lifecycle and management"?

The process of developing and managing a BI project from its initial planning to implementation and ongoing maintenance. It includes stages like defining scope, gathering data, building solutions, and deploying them.

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What is the importance of "understanding information flow in an organization" for BI?

Understanding different departments and how data flows within an organization. It's about seeing the big picture of information flow.

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Study Notes

Lecture 1: Business Intelligence Introduction

  • OSCM 603: Business Intelligence
  • Lecture 1, Introduction
  • Instructor: Prof. Awuni Emmanuel
  • Topics include: BI process, system components, technologies and applications, Types of Data, BI industry, market and career overview
  • Business Intelligence is a set of methods, processes, architectures, applications and technologies utilized to gather and transform raw data into useful, meaningful information.
    • This information is used to furnish more strategic, tactical and operational insights for a business. This drives business operations and growth.
  • Data is the raw elements that form the foundation of information, knowledge and wisdom.
  • Information is the result of collecting and organizing data in a structured context.
  • Knowledge is the understanding of information. This allows for useful and actionable data that leads to knowledge.
  • Wisdom is the best practice in decision making.
    • This is the most effective way to employ information, knowledge and data for sound decision making.

Overview

  • BI process, system components, technologies and applications
  • Types of Data
  • BI industry, market, and career overview

Introduction: Evolution of BI

  • 1980s: Search for perfect “business insight system”
    • Executive information systems (EIS), Decision support systems (DSS)
  • 1990s:
    • Data warehousing (DW), Business intelligence (BI)
  • 2000s:
    • Dashboards and scorecards, Performance management
  • 2010+:
    • Big data, Mobile BI, Personal BI, etc.
  • Capabilities increased with new iterations.
  • Enterprises became sophisticated; computational and analytical needs increased and computer hardware and software matured.

Data Processing Types

  • Transactional Processing: Focuses on routine processing, modification, insertion, deletion and transmission of data.
  • Analytical Processing: Focuses on reporting, analysis, transformation and decision support focused on reporting.

Business Intelligence

  • One ultimate use of data gathered and processed in the data life cycle—to drive business intelligence.
  • This is about the creation or use of a data warehouse or data mart for data storage.
  • Tools like Oracle's Sales Analyzer, Financial Analyst, or Micro Strategy's Web are used.
  • These tools enable access to data, enable querying, support ad-hoc reports, and support the examination of scenarios and the creation of CRM activities, and strategic pricing strategies.

How Business Intelligence Works

  • Begins with raw data stored in corporate databases.
    • Example: a national retail chain's data about inventory, customer information, promotions, and sales numbers.
  • Information may be scattered; BI software integrates this data.
  • Data is placed into a data warehouse (or mart).
  • Tables are linked, and data cubes are formed (linked to sales numbers and customer databases, enabling deep analysis).

BI System at a Glance

  • Operational systems
  • Data warehouse
  • ETL tools
  • Logistics
  • Marketing
  • Performance evaluation
  • Multidimensional cubes
  • Exploratory data analysis
  • Time series analysis

Assignment

  • Data warehouse
  • Data Analytics
  • Data mining
  • Data science

Next Week: Data Warehousing

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