Business Ethics: A Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of a business, according to the text?

  • To provide high-quality goods and services to consumers
  • To achieve personal happiness for its employees
  • To contribute to the good of society (correct)
  • To generate profit for its shareholders

What is the relationship between personal ethics and business ethics, according to the text?

  • Personal ethics are irrelevant to business ethics.
  • Personal ethics and business ethics are distinct but interconnected. (correct)
  • Business ethics are more important than personal ethics.
  • Business ethics are a subset of personal ethics.

Which of these is NOT mentioned as an area of ethical consideration in the text?

  • Environmental ethics (correct)
  • Business ethics
  • Social ethics
  • Personal ethics

How does an individual's pursuit of excellence impact their work life?

<p>Individual excellence can contribute to a company's overall success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the driving force behind an individual's pursuit of happiness, according to the text?

<p>Personal fulfillment and self-realization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the connection between a company's culture and its ethical behavior, according to the text?

<p>A company's culture can significantly influence its ethical decisions and actions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'eudaimonia' refer to in the context of the text?

<p>A life lived with a sense of purpose and fulfillment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can business contribute to the realization of the 'common good'?

<p>By providing goods and services that benefit all members of society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of ethics does Aristotle emphasize?

<p>Acting in ways that define who we are (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question is central to the study of ethics?

<p>What motivates human beings to act? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a moral act in ethics?

<p>A voluntary decision made towards a specific choice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ancient ethical theories differ from modern ethical theories?

<p>Ancient theories emphasize the individual as the focal point of ethics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of ethics as stated in the content?

<p>Examining human behavior and decision-making processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do act-centered theories in ethics primarily examine?

<p>The action itself isolated from the individual (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is one outcome of engaging with ethics?

<p>Achieving human excellence in personal and professional contexts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the context of actions important in ethical enquiry?

<p>It provides insight into why individuals make particular choices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Marta Rocchi's academic specialization?

<p>Finance ethics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title is associated with the work edited by J.A. Mercado?

<p>Personal Flourishing in Organizations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the author known for translating 'The Perspective of Morality'?

<p>G. Malsbary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what capacity has Marta Rocchi contributed to the Hoffman Center for Business Ethics?

<p>Visiting Scholar (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which university did Marta Rocchi earn her PhD from?

<p>University of Navarra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication format does the work 'Handbook of Virtue Ethics in Business and Management' belong to?

<p>Edited Volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main area of research for the Irish Institute of Digital Business?

<p>Digital Business Practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical framework is primarily discussed in the work of A.J.G. Sison and others?

<p>Thomistic Virtue Ethics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle's perspective on virtue and vice, what practice leads to becoming a virtuous individual?

<p>Consistently performing actions aligned with virtue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of actions does ethics primarily focus on, as discussed in the text?

<p>Actions that are entirely under an individual's control. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions IS NOT specifically mentioned as a core question explored in the history of philosophy?

<p>What is the ideal framework for ethical decision-making? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text uses the example of a conversation between a father and his son in a supermarket to illustrate what point about ethics?

<p>Ethics can be applied to everyday situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term "acts of man" refers to actions that are...

<p>Beyond the control of our will. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the example about deciding whether to breathe or not?

<p>To highlight the difference between voluntary and involuntary actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is the connection between ethics and philosophy?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided content, what does the phrase “Ethics is part of philosophy” suggest?

<p>Understanding ethical concepts requires a philosophical framework. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Sison, Beabout and Ferrero, what distinguishes virtue ethics from deontology?

<p>Virtue ethics considers the specific context of actions, while deontology emphasizes principles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does virtue ethics differ from utilitarianism in its perspective on rules?

<p>Virtue ethics believes in the existence of exceptionless prohibitions, unlike utilitarianism which focuses on maximizing overall happiness. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Aristotle consider to be the foundation of virtue?

<p>A habitual tendency to act in accordance with good behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Greek term "arête" relate to the concept of "virtue"?

<p>Arête signifies the distinctive quality of a hero, similar to the concept of “virtue” representing moral excellence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implication does the Latin term "virtus" hold for the concept of virtue?

<p>Virtus emphasizes the idea of virtue as a characteristic of the human being in its totality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, how is a virtuous person recognized in a community?

<p>By their exemplary moral character and conduct. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key idea conveyed by the terms "arête" and "virtus" in relation to virtue?

<p>They highlight the inherent human capacity for excellence and moral virtue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Alasdair MacIntyre's work contribute to the current understanding of virtue ethics?

<p>He provides a systematic framework for understanding virtue ethics, drawing on ancient philosophy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the concept of "flourishing" related to the Aristotelian concept of "eudaimonia"?

<p>Flourishing is a modern interpretation of the concept of eudaimonia, focusing on personal growth and self-development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the primary focus of the concept of "flourishing"?

<p>Developing one's potential to become the best version of oneself. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the phrase "Personal Flourishing" as mentioned in the passage?

<p>It highlights the growing interest in personal growth and development within different fields. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the passage connect the concept of "flourishing" to the idea of ethics in the field of business?

<p>It argues that ethics provides a framework for achieving excellence and flourishing in business practices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what was the main reason for the revival of virtue ethics in the latter half of the 20th century?

<p>The publication of a significant essay by Elizabeth Anscombe in 1958. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relevance of Thomas Aquinas to the discussion of Aristotle's concept of "eudaimonia"?

<p>Aquinas was a prominent interpreter of Aristotle's thought, continuing to promote the concept of 'eudaimonia.' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of "eudaimonia" is considered the most important according to the passage?

<p>Living a life of virtue, striving for excellence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the passage suggest that "flourishing" plays in the development of a person?

<p>It promotes a path to individual growth and well-being through actions and experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Alasdair MacIntyre

A prominent Neo-Aristotelian philosopher known for virtue ethics.

Virtue Ethics

A moral theory focusing on character and virtue rather than rules or consequences.

Eudaimonia

A Greek word meaning human flourishing or well-being, often the goal of virtue ethics.

Arête

The Greek term for virtue, representing excellence or moral quality.

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Virtus

The Latin word for virtue, linked to the idea of man and excellence.

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Habitual Disposition

The ingrained tendency to behave in a morally good way.

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Motive

The reason behind an action, crucial in virtue ethics.

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Community Context

The social environment influencing ethical behavior and virtues.

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Ethics

The study of what is morally right and wrong.

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Aristotle's View

Ethics as a guide to human excellence through actions.

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Questions of Ethics

Explores why we act and the horizon of our choices.

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Moral Acts

Voluntary acts that are defined as moral decisions.

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Agent-Centered Theories

Ethical perspectives focusing on the life context of the actor.

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Act-Centered Theories

Modern ethics focusing on the action itself, separate from the actor.

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Business Ethics

Application of ethical principles to business practices.

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Ethical Enquiry Context

Consideration of the circumstances surrounding actions in ethics.

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Flourishing

The development of oneself to become the best version of oneself.

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Personal Flourishing

Consistent personal growth across philosophy, psychology, and business ethics.

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Virtuous Life

An ethical life aimed at excellence as per Aristotle's philosophy.

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Growth

The process of development and maturation in individuals.

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Thomas Aquinas

A philosopher known for interpreting Aristotle's thought in the Middle Ages.

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Modern Moral Philosophy

An influential essay by Elizabeth Anscombe reviving virtue ethics.

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Ethics of Virtue

An ethical framework focusing on moral character and the pursuit of virtue.

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Excellence

A personal concept related to high quality and achievement.

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Personal Ethics

Individual principles guiding one's actions towards flourishing.

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Social Ethics

Principles ensuring the common good within a society.

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Company Culture

The shared values and norms within a business environment.

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Decision-making in Business

The process of making choices that influence organizational outcomes.

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Contribution to Society

The positive impact of businesses on communities and individuals.

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Thomistic Virtue Ethics

A philosophical approach combining virtue ethics with Catholic teachings, emphasizing moral virtue.

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Corporate Governance

The system by which companies are directed and controlled, emphasizing accountability and fairness.

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Philosophical Foundations

The basic concepts and ideas that underpin a particular philosophy or ethics.

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Ethics of Finance

The study of moral issues that arise in the financial sector, particularly in practices and regulations.

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Business Ethics Research Group

A collective of scholars and practitioners focusing on the study and development of business ethics.

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Acts of Man

Human actions not under voluntary control, like reflexes.

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Free Will

The ability to choose actions through our judgment.

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Moral Experience

The reflection on our everyday actions and their meanings.

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Philosophical Inquiry

The exploration of fundamental questions about ethics and morality.

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Intentions vs. Outcomes

The debate on whether to judge actions by motives or results.

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Personal vs Social Ethics

The examination of ethical principles in individual and community contexts.

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Study Notes

Business Ethics

  • This book is "A Path to Excellence for Business Students", written by Marta Rocchi, PhD in 2023.
  • The book is a study guide/textbook on business ethics.
  • It covers philosophical frameworks for business ethics, including defining ethics, different ethical theories (deontological, consequentialism, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics), and their application to everyday business life.
  • The book intends to aid business students with the terminology and fundamental business ethics concepts.
  • It includes a table of contents, chapter 1 and sub-chapters like what does ethics mean to you?, defining ethics, practical aspects of ethics, ethical perspectives, and deontological ethics.
  • The text emphasizes the philosophical and practical aspects of ethics, covering definitions and practical applications.
  • Ethics is defined as a “philosophical and practical study of human acts and behaviour”.
  • It explores various concepts such as the trolley dilemma.
  • It suggests that ethics are essential for human flourishing and excellence.
  • The book's author is Marta Rocchi, PhD, and affiliated with DCU Business School.

Table of Contents

  • This book covers philosophical frameworks for business ethics.
  • It includes chapters about different ethical theories and their applications.

Chapter 1: Philosophical Frameworks for Business Ethics

  • Introduces philosophical foundations of business ethics.
  • Addresses concrete applications of business ethics in daily business life.
  • Outlines what students will learn in the chapter.
  • Defines what ethics means to students in a class brainstorming session.
  • Details the history and definition of ethics.
  • Distinguishes ethics as a field of study from moral experience.
  • Explains the practical aspect of ethics as a "guide for human excellence."
  • Discusses whether all actions are free (with explanation of acts of man).
  • Addresses Ethics in the context of our lives.
  • Examines different perspectives on human actions.
  • Introduces Deontological, Consequentialist, and Utilitarian, theories along with Virtue ethics.
  • Includes different examples for each theory.

Deontological Ethics

  • Focuses on duty or rules
  • Introduces the categorical imperative (act only on a maxim that you can will to become a universal law) and the humanity formula (act so that you treat humanity, in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means).
  • Argues that these are essential for moral evaluation.

Consequentialism and Utilitarianism

  • Focuses on the consequences of actions.
  • Utilitarianism, a prominent strain in consequentialism, emphasizes maximizing happiness for the greatest number.
  • Discusses the Principle of Utility: act so as to produce the greatest good to the greatest number.
  • Examines the limitations of applying the utility principle.
  • Presents the Trolley Dilemma as an illustration of the potential problematic consequences of applying the principle of utility.

Virtue Ethics

  • Focuses on the character of the person acting.
  • Highlights "eudaimonia" (flourishing, well-being) as the ultimate good.
  • Discusses how virtues are developed through habits, and what they are.
  • Includes the doctrine of the mean, which asserts that virtues are situated between extremes.

Ethics as a Guide to Human Excellence

  • Connects the different ethical theories to improve human excellence.

Summary of Personal, Business, and Social Ethics

  • Provides a table summarizing the main concepts of personal, business and social ethics, with respective reasons, descriptions, context and academic fields.

Review of Chapter 1

  • Outlines the takeaways from the chapter, highlighting how to define, and critically examine ethics across different contexts.

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