Bupropion, Wellbutrin, Zyban Pharmacodynamics Quiz

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What does the Therapeutic Index (TI) measure?

The maximum effect obtainable by a drug

The absorption rate of a drug in the body

The range of blood concentrations of a medicine

The difference between the desired effect and the undesired effect of a drug (correct)

How is the Therapeutic Window defined?

A range of blood concentrations above the toxic level of a medicine

A range of blood concentrations between therapeutic and toxic levels of a medicine (correct)

The maximum effect obtainable by a drug

The minimum effective dose of a drug

What would a low Therapeutic Index suggest about a drug?

It is highly effective

It has low safety margin (correct)

It is not potent

It is safe

How do potency and effectiveness differ?

Potency refers to the maximum effect obtainable while effectiveness refers to the extent of drug's effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between potency and effectiveness?

Potency is related to the maximum effect, while effectiveness is related to the extent of drug's effect Signup and view all the answers

Which drug has the highest Therapeutic Index based on the provided information?

Morphine Signup and view all the answers

True or False: The greater the Therapeutic Index (TI), the less safe the drug.

False Signup and view all the answers

What defines a drug according to the text?

Substance that alters the physiology of the body but is not a food or nutrient. Signup and view all the answers

True or False: A low Therapeutic Index suggests that a drug has high safety.

False Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes psychoactive drugs according to the text?

They change perception, mood, consciousness, and behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drug names according to the text?

To reveal the drug's chemical composition and molecular structure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of generic drugs as mentioned in the text?

They must be pharmacologically equivalent to the original brand name drug. Signup and view all the answers

What are excipients in drug names as explained in the text?

Carrier medium for the drug. Signup and view all the answers

Why do policymakers suggest different sentences based on LSD presentation according to the text?

"To show a disparity in sentencing based on ignorance about drugs." Signup and view all the answers

Who criticized policymakers for their ignorance about drugs according to the text?

"Eric Sterling, a former assistant counsel to the House Subcommittee on Crime." Signup and view all the answers

"Why do pharmaceutical companies patent trade names for drugs as per the text?"

"To create exclusive rights to sell their product." Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe when one drug diminishes the effect of another drug?

Drug Antagonism Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the phenomenon where combining drugs increases the overall effect beyond what would be expected?

Superadditive Effect Signup and view all the answers

Which two drugs did Heath Ledger combine that led to his death?

Oxycodone & Diazepam Signup and view all the answers

What class of drugs is mentioned in the FDA announcement as having serious risks when combined with certain opioids?

Benzodiazepines Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the phenomenon where one drug shifts the DRC to the left of another drug?

Additive Effect Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for Superadditive Effect?

Drug Synergy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the mentioned drugs is a CNS depressant according to the FDA announcement?

Alprazolam (Xanax) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for filtering everything from the blood and reabsorbing what is needed?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What happens to lipid-soluble substances in the kidneys' filtration process?

Passed back to the blood Signup and view all the answers

How are ionized or non-lipid-soluble substances handled in the kidneys?

Excreted in urine Signup and view all the answers

What effect does urine acidity have on drug excretion in relation to blood pH?

Basic urine and acidic blood promote excretion of bases Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the development of metabolic tolerance due to enzyme induction?

> Enzyme Systems Stimulation Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is used to prevent drinking by depressing enzyme systems involved in alcohol metabolism?

> Disulfiram (Antabuse) Signup and view all the answers

How does age influence drug metabolism in young individuals?

> Inability to metabolize an adult dose Signup and view all the answers

Why are elderly individuals considered to have less efficient liver and kidneys regarding drug metabolism?

> Reduced kidney function Signup and view all the answers

In terms of species comparison, which species has a lower percentage of alcohol dehydrogenase activity compared to humans?

> Guinea pigs Signup and view all the answers

What is a theoretical assumption made about the absorption curve in pharmacokinetics when no excretion is considered?

Stays constant over time Signup and view all the answers