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Questions and Answers
What is the measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution?
What is the measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution?
- pH (correct)
- Titratable acidity
- Base
- Amphoteric
Which acid completely releases all of its hydrogen ions in water?
Which acid completely releases all of its hydrogen ions in water?
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (correct)
- Nitric acid (HNO3)
- Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
- Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Which type of acidity is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution or the pH of the solution?
Which type of acidity is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution or the pH of the solution?
- True acidity (correct)
- Strong base
- Weak acid
- Titratable acidity
Which base virtually 100% ionizes and completely releases all of its hydroxide ions in water?
Which base virtually 100% ionizes and completely releases all of its hydroxide ions in water?
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What is the method of expressing the acidity or basicity of a solution?
What is the method of expressing the acidity or basicity of a solution?
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Study Notes
Concentration of Hydrogen Ions
- Concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is measured in moles per liter (M), often referred to as molarity.
- It determines the acidity of the solution, with higher concentrations indicating stronger acidity.
Strong Acids
- Strong acids completely dissociate in water, releasing all their hydrogen ions.
- Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
pH and Acidity
- pH is the scale used to express the concentration of hydrogen ions, quantifying acidity or basicity.
- The pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidity and above 7 indicating basicity.
Strong Bases
- Strong bases almost completely ionize in water, releasing nearly all their hydroxide ions.
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a classic example of a strong base.
Measurement of Acidity and Basicity
- Acidity and basicity are expressed using the pH scale.
- The pH value is derived from the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H⁺].
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