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Questions and Answers
What is the ability of certain solutions to resist change in their pH upon addition of an acid or a base called?
What is the ability of certain solutions to resist change in their pH upon addition of an acid or a base called?
What is the equation used to describe the relationship between a weak acid and its salt in a buffer solution?
What is the equation used to describe the relationship between a weak acid and its salt in a buffer solution?
What is the measure of the efficiency of a buffer in resisting changes in pH?
What is the measure of the efficiency of a buffer in resisting changes in pH?
What is the maximum buffer capacity (β max) of a buffer solution containing a weak acid and its salt?
What is the maximum buffer capacity (β max) of a buffer solution containing a weak acid and its salt?
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Why is it necessary to have a buffer system in some solutions?
Why is it necessary to have a buffer system in some solutions?
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What is the conventional way to express the buffer capacity (β) of a solution?
What is the conventional way to express the buffer capacity (β) of a solution?
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What is the primary purpose of buffering pharmaceutical solutions?
What is the primary purpose of buffering pharmaceutical solutions?
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Which of the following is an example of an acidic buffer?
Which of the following is an example of an acidic buffer?
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What is the mechanism of action of an acidic buffer when a strong base is added?
What is the mechanism of action of an acidic buffer when a strong base is added?
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Which of the following is an example of a basic buffer?
Which of the following is an example of a basic buffer?
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What is the composition of a phosphate buffer?
What is the composition of a phosphate buffer?
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What happens when a strong acid is added to an acidic buffer?
What happens when a strong acid is added to an acidic buffer?
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Study Notes
Buffer Solutions
- The ability of certain solutions to resist change in their pH upon addition of an acid or a base is called buffering capacity.
Buffer Equation
- The equation used to describe the relationship between a weak acid and its salt in a buffer solution is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
Buffer Capacity
- The measure of the efficiency of a buffer in resisting changes in pH is buffer capacity (β).
- Buffer capacity (β) is expressed as the amount of strong acid or base that can be added to a buffer solution before its pH changes by one unit.
Maximum Buffer Capacity
- The maximum buffer capacity (β max) of a buffer solution containing a weak acid and its salt is when the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base are equal.
Importance of Buffer Systems
- It is necessary to have a buffer system in some solutions to maintain a stable pH and prevent sudden changes in pH that could affect the solution or the system it is part of.
Expressing Buffer Capacity
- The conventional way to express the buffer capacity (β) of a solution is in terms of moles of acid or base per liter of solution per pH unit.
Buffering in Pharmaceuticals
- The primary purpose of buffering pharmaceutical solutions is to maintain a stable pH and ensure the stability and efficacy of the active ingredients.
Acidic Buffer
- An example of an acidic buffer is a solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate.
Mechanism of Action
- The mechanism of action of an acidic buffer when a strong base is added is that the base reacts with the weak acid to form its conjugate base, maintaining the pH.
Basic Buffer
- An example of a basic buffer is a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride.
Phosphate Buffer
- The composition of a phosphate buffer is a solution of monobasic dihydrogen phosphate and dibasic monohydrogen phosphate.
Adding Strong Acid to Acidic Buffer
- When a strong acid is added to an acidic buffer, the acid reacts with the conjugate base of the weak acid, maintaining the pH.
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Description
Test your knowledge on buffer solutions, buffer action, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, and buffer capacity. Learn about compounds that resist changes in pH and the efficiency of buffers in maintaining pH levels.
