Buffer Basics

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding buffers?

  • Buffers work by changing the ratio of acid to base in a solution
  • Buffers are not important in maintaining the pH of biological systems
  • Buffers consist of a strong acid and its conjugate base
  • The concentration of weak acid and salt in buffers is small compared to ions added or removed (correct)

How do buffers resist changes in pH?

  • By maintaining a stable ratio of acid to base (correct)
  • By adding more protons to the solution
  • By converting weak acid to base when hydroxide ions are removed
  • By removing all ions from the solution

What determines the ratio of acid to base in a buffer?

  • The pH of the solution
  • The concentration of protons in the solution
  • The pKa of the buffer (correct)
  • The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution

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Study Notes

  • The kidneys and lungs work together to maintain blood pH of 7.4
  • Buffers in the blood help control pH by resisting changes
  • Buffers consist of weak acid and its conjugate base (salt)
  • Weak acid and salt concentrations are large compared to ions added or removed
  • When protons are added, some base is converted to weak acid
  • When hydroxide ions are removed, weak acid is converted to base
  • Acid and base concentration changes are small relative to amounts present in solution
  • Buffers work by maintaining a stable ratio of acid to base
  • The ratio of acid to base is determined by the pKa of the buffer
  • Buffers are important in maintaining the pH of biological systems.

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