Buddhism Quiz: Key Concepts and Teachings
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Questions and Answers

What did Buddha attain that led to his life-long ministry?

  • Enlightenment (correct)
  • Wealth
  • Salvation
  • Fame

Which country has the largest Buddhist population?

  • India
  • China (correct)
  • Thailand
  • Japan

What did Buddha establish for monks and nuns?

  • Temples
  • Shrines
  • Churches
  • Monasteries (correct)

What was Buddha's stance on the caste system?

<p>It should be abolished (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Buddha tell his followers before his death?

<p>To continue seeking salvation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Christians believe Jesus was?

<p>The messiah prophesized in the Hebrew Bible (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which name is used by the Hebrews to refer to God in their scriptures?

<p>Yahweh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do Jews primarily worship?

<p>Synagogue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Muslims believe Jesus represents?

<p>A messenger of God or prophet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Talmud?

<p>Jewish civil and ceremonial law (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many books comprise the Hebrew Bible?

<p>Thirty-nine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three sections of the Hebrew Bible?

<p>Law, Prophets, Writings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Jewish New Year celebrated in September or October?

<p>Hashanah (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major branch of Judaism believes in both the written and oral Torah?

<p>Orthodox (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event is referred to as the Holocaust?

<p>The persecution of Jews during World War II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which language was restored by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda in the 20th century?

<p>Modern Hebrew (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does kosher food mean in Jewish tradition?

<p>It denotes food that is prepared according to Jewish law. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What important day of rest is celebrated from sundown on Friday to sunset on Saturday?

<p>Sabbath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people faced hostility against their ownership of Palestine after World War II?

<p>Jews (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Yiddish a mixture of?

<p>German and Hebrew (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Passover in Jewish tradition?

<p>It celebrates the freedom of Jews from slavery in Egypt. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first elected caliph of the Muslims?

<p>Abu Bakr (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief of Christians regarding Jesus?

<p>He is considered to be the son of God. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Sunnis believe about the election of a leader?

<p>Leaders should be elected from Muhammad’s companions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Holy Trinity represent in Christianity?

<p>One God in three persons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of strict classical Shariah in countries like Iran?

<p>It mandates harsh punishments by Western standards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to the law of retaliation in early Shariah?

<p>Eye for an eye (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which text is referred to as the Hebrew Bible?

<p>The Old Testament. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of Christianity originated from the Protestant Reformation?

<p>Protestant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group adheres to the belief that the new leader should be a blood relative of Muhammad?

<p>Shiites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ten Commandments provided to the Ancient Israelites are primarily found in which text?

<p>The Hebrew Bible. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of daily life does the discussed section cover?

<p>Food and drink (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in the interpretation of Shariah between modern and traditional Islamic countries?

<p>Modern scholars relate Shariah to contemporary issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant disagreement led to the formation of the Greek Orthodox Church?

<p>The selection of a pope. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group does not recognize Muhammad as a prophet?

<p>Christians. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term Islam mean?

<p>Submission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which language are the Vedas written?

<p>Sanskrit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who appeared to Muhammad to deliver the word of God?

<p>Angel Gabriel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world population follows Christianity?

<p>2 billion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary occupation of the nomads on the Arabian Peninsula at the beginning of the first century?

<p>Herding sheep and traveling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did caravan raiding play in the culture of the Arabian Peninsula?

<p>A common practice alongside caravan trading (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the holy book of Islam?

<p>Qur’an (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Muhammad claiming to worship one god, Allah?

<p>It aimed to unite his people through a common faith (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Muslims' refer to?

<p>Followers of Muhammad’s teachings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the culture on the Arabian Peninsula regarding resources?

<p>Scarcity of resources leading to conflict (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Buddhism?

Buddhism is a religion that emphasizes the path to enlightenment through meditation, moral conduct, and wisdom.

Who is Buddha?

Buddha, meaning 'enlightened one', is the founder of Buddhism. He achieved enlightenment through meditation and teachings.

What is Enlightenment?

Enlightenment in Buddhism is a state of complete understanding and freedom from suffering. It is the ultimate goal of Buddhist practice.

What are monasteries?

Monasteries are places where monks, nuns, and others can live and focus on their spiritual growth.

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What is the caste system?

The caste system is a rigid social hierarchy that divides people into different groups based on birth. Buddha rejected this system.

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Monotheistic

Belief in only one God.

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Holy Trinity

The Christian belief that God exists in three persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus), and God the Holy Spirit.

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Christian Beliefs about Jesus

Christians believe Jesus was the Son of God, part of the Holy Trinity, and the Jewish Messiah (savior).

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The Bible

The sacred text of Christianity, divided into the Old Testament (Hebrew Bible) and the New Testament.

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Old Testament

The first part of the Bible containing the stories and laws of the ancient Israelites.

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New Testament

The second part of the Bible focusing on the teachings of Jesus and his early followers.

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Catholicism

The original form of Christianity, originating in Rome.

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Protestantism

A branch of Christianity that emerged in the 1500s, originating from Martin Luther's Reformation.

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Judaism

A religion with a focus on monotheism, believing in one God, Yahweh, as described in the Hebrew Bible.

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Yahweh

The Hebrew name for God, the one God worshipped by Jews.

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Hebrew Bible or Tanakh

The collection of sacred texts in Judaism, comprised of 39 books: Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim.

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Torah

The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, considered the core of Jewish law.

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Ten Commandments

A set of moral and religious laws given to the Israelites by God, according to the Torah.

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Talmud

A collection of Jewish civil and ceremonial law, traditions, and cultural practices.

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Synagogue

A place of worship for Jews, similar to a church or mosque.

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Orthodox Judaism

A branch of Judaism that strictly follows both written and oral Torah, believing it represents direct word of God.

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Arabian Peninsula nomads

People who traveled from place to place with no permanent home in the Arabian Peninsula.

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Arabian Peninsula tribes

Groups of people in the Arabian Peninsula who shared common ancestry, customs, and worshipped multiple gods.

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Caravans

Groups of people who traveled across the desert carrying goods on camels and herding sheep.

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Warlike culture in the Arabian Peninsula

The harsh environment and competition for scarce resources led to frequent conflicts and raiding among tribes.

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Muhammad

A prophet who founded Islam, believed in the worship of one god (Allah), and preached mercy and kindness.

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Islam

A monotheistic (one God) religion based on the Quran, which means “submission” in Arabic.

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Muslim

A follower of Islam.

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Sunni

A Muslim who believes that the leader of Islam should be chosen from among Muhammad's companions, based on their merit and knowledge.

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Caliph

The highest leader of Islam, elected by the Muslim community.

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Shariah

Islamic law, based on the teachings of the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad.

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Abu Bakr

The first elected caliph, a close friend and the advisor of Muhammad.

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Interpreting Shariah

The process of applying Shariah law to modern situations and contexts.

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Strict Interpretation of Shariah

A literal and traditional approach to Shariah law, emphasizing strict adherence to the original text.

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Controversial “eye for an eye”

A traditional punishment in early Shariah law, based on the principle of retribution.

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Vedas

Ancient Hindu scriptures written in Sanskrit, believed to offer insight into the beliefs of the Aryans.

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Modern Hebrew

The revived language spoken by Jews in Israel and globally, restored by Eliezer Ben-Yehuda in the 20th century.

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Yiddish

A language spoken by Jews, primarily of Ashkenazi descent, that blends German and Hebrew.

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Kosher

Following Jewish dietary laws, ensuring food is prepared and consumed in a ritually pure manner.

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Sabbath

The Jewish day of rest, observed from sundown on Friday to sunset on Saturday, commemorating God's rest after creation.

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Hashanah

The Jewish New Year, celebrated in September or October, a time for reflection and renewal.

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Passover

A Passover celebration commemorating God's sparing the Israelites in Egypt by 'passing over' their homes during the tenth plague.

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Modern Israel

The Jewish state established in 1948, following World War II, within the borders of Palestine.

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Study Notes

Overview of Belief Systems

  • Types of Belief in God (I):
  • Theism: Belief in a God or gods
  • Atheism: Belief that God does not exist
  • Agnosticism: Uncertainty about the existence of God
  • Gnosticism: Belief salvation comes through knowledge of divine origin and destiny
  • Types of Belief in God (II):
  • Polytheism: Belief in multiple gods
  • Pantheism: Belief that divinity is present everywhere
  • Deism: Belief that God created the world but does not intervene
  • Humanism: A philosophy focusing on human potential and ethical living without supernatural beliefs.
  • Top 5 World Religions: Includes Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.

Why Study Religion?

  • Religion significantly influences cultural and societal development.
  • Study of religion provides a global perspective on traditions and cultural expectations.

Christianity, Judaism & Islam

  • Introduction: These three religions are monotheistic and share roots in the Middle East and common figures like Abraham and Moses
  • Differences: Beliefs about Jesus differ significantly between Christianity and both Islam and Judaism.
  • Similar Beliefs: Common history and traditions, reverence for the Bible (especially the Hebrew Bible), and the concept of a single God are shared.

Hinduism & Buddhism

  • Introduction: These are ancient religions with roots in the Indian subcontinent.
  • Similarities: Both have beliefs in reincarnation, cycles of birth and death, and the importance of meditation or quiet focused thinking
  • Differences: Hinduism is pantheistic (everything embodies God) while Buddhism does not worship a god as a creator.

Christianity

  • Origin: Middle East, stemming from the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.
  • Beliefs: Monotheistic; the Holy Trinity (God as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit); Jesus is the Son of God and savior
  • Followers & Place of Worship: Called Christians, practice in churches
  • Texts: Old Testament (Hebrew Bible) and New Testament
  • Major Branches: Catholic, Protestant, Eastern Orthodox, etc.

Judaism

  • Origin: Middle East
  • Beliefs: Monotheistic; belief in one God (Yahweh); scripture includes the Torah.
  • Followers & Place of Worship: Called Jews, worship in synagogues or temples
  • Texts: Torah, Prophets, Writings (Hebrew Bible) and Talmud
  • Major Branches: Orthodox, Reform, Conservative

Islam

  • Origin: Middle East, through the prophet Muhammad
  • Beliefs: Monotheistic; belief in one God (Allah); the Qur'an is the holy book, and the Hadith are tradition.
  • Followers & Place of Worship: Called Muslims, worship in mosques
  • Texts: Quran and Hadith
  • Major Branches: Sunni, Shia

Buddhism

  • Origin: Northern India
  • Beliefs: Does not worship God as creator; importance placed on self-discovery and overcoming suffering; reincarnation;
  • Followers & Places of Worship: Called Buddhists, practice in temples or homes
  • Texts: Tripitaka/Pali Canon.
  • Major Branches: Theravada, Mahayana, Zen

Hinduism

  • Origin: Indus River Valley
  • Beliefs: Pantheistic; belief in a supreme being, Brahman, expressed through various deities (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva); multiple divine forces
  • Followers & Place of Worship: Called Hindus, worship in temples or homes
  • Texts: Vedas
  • Major Branches: Vaishavas, Shaivas, Shaktas, Smartas

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Description

Test your knowledge on the foundational principles of Buddhism, including Buddha's achievements, the largest Buddhist population, and his teachings for monks and nuns. Explore Buddha's views on societal issues such as the caste system and his final words to followers. This quiz is perfect for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of Buddhism.

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