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Questions and Answers
What are the initial symptoms Peter experienced after arriving at Camp Granada?
What are the initial symptoms Peter experienced after arriving at Camp Granada?
- Rash and joint pain
- Cough and chest pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever and body chills (correct)
Which animal is commonly associated with harboring Yersinia pestis in the United States?
Which animal is commonly associated with harboring Yersinia pestis in the United States?
- Cats
- Birds
- Dogs
- Squirrels (correct)
What is the incubation period for bubonic plague?
What is the incubation period for bubonic plague?
- ~1-3 days
- ~10-14 days
- ~2-8 days (correct)
- ~5-7 days
What distinguishes septicemic plague from bubonic plague?
What distinguishes septicemic plague from bubonic plague?
What is the most serious form of plague?
What is the most serious form of plague?
Which symptom is characteristic of bubonic plague?
Which symptom is characteristic of bubonic plague?
How is pneumonic plague primarily contracted?
How is pneumonic plague primarily contracted?
What complication can arise from untreated bubonic plague?
What complication can arise from untreated bubonic plague?
What is a common cause of septicemic plague?
What is a common cause of septicemic plague?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with pneumonic plague?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with pneumonic plague?
Match the type of plague to its description:
Match the type of plague to its description:
Match the symptoms to the corresponding type of plague:
Match the symptoms to the corresponding type of plague:
Match the exposure method to its plague form:
Match the exposure method to its plague form:
Match the duration of incubation period with its plague type:
Match the duration of incubation period with its plague type:
Match the animal to its relevance in plague transmission:
Match the animal to its relevance in plague transmission:
Match the symptom with the type of illness:
Match the symptom with the type of illness:
Match the method of contraction with plague type:
Match the method of contraction with plague type:
Match the complication with its plague form:
Match the complication with its plague form:
Match the main characteristic to each symptom:
Match the main characteristic to each symptom:
Match the key details with each type of plague:
Match the key details with each type of plague:
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Study Notes
Bubonic Plague
- Caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis
- Transmitted through flea bites.
- Flea can transmit the bacteria from rodents to humans.
- Rodent bites can also transfer the bacteria
- Rodent species in the US that can harbor the bacteria include: mice, squirrels, chipmunks, and prairie dogs.
- Patients develop fever, headache, chills, weakness, and tender swollen lymph nodes (buboes)
- Incubation period ~2-8 days.
- Can be treated with antibiotics.
Septicemic Plague
- Occurs when Yersinia pestis multiplies in the blood.
- Can be caused by the spread of bubonic plague or as a complication of pneumonic plague.
- Patients often develop fever, chills, extreme weakness, abdominal pain, shock, and sometimes bleeding into the skin and other organs.
- Can lead to tissue death, causing discoloration in fingers, toes, and nose.
- Incubation period is likely within days of exposure to the bacterium.
Pneumonic Plague
- Most serious form of the disease.
- Caused by inhaling infectious droplets that spread the bacteria to the lungs.
- Incubation period 1-3 days.
- Patients develop fever, headache, weakness, pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and bloody mucous.
- Only form that can be spread person to person
- Untreated bubonic or septicemic plague can spread to the lungs, leading to pneumonic plague.
- Can lead to respiratory failure, shock, and is almost always fatal.
- Effective antibiotic treatments exist for early intervention.
Bubonic Plague
- Transmission: Primarily through infected flea bites.
- Symptoms: Fever, headache, chills, weakness, swollen and painful lymph nodes (buboes).
- Incubation: Typically 2-8 days.
- Treatment: Antibiotics are effective if administered promptly.
Septicemic Plague
- Transmission: Can result from untreated bubonic plague or direct exposure to bacteria in the blood.
- Symptoms: Fever, chills, extreme weakness, abdominal pain, shock, skin and organ bleeding (resulting in tissue discoloration, particularly fingers, toes, and nose).
- Incubation: Varies, but usually occurs within days of exposure.
- Treatment: Requires immediate antibiotic treatment.
Pneumonic Plague
- Transmission: Inhaling infectious droplets containing Yersinia pestis.
- Symptoms: Fever, headache, weakness, sudden pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, bloody mucus.
- Incubation: 1-3 days.
- Treatment: Requires immediate antibiotic treatment.
- Contagious: This is the only form of the plague that can be spread person-to-person.
Yersinia pestis:
- A Gram-negative bacillus found in rodents (mice, squirrels, chipmunks, prairie dogs).
- Fleas carry the bacteria and can transmit it to humans through bites.
- Direct contact with infected animals (e.g., rodent bites) can also cause infection.
- Pets can also become infected with fleas and transmit the bacteria.
- Untreated plague: Can lead to respiratory failure, shock, and death.
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