Yersinia pestis and Plague
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Yersinia pestis and Plague

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Questions and Answers

What are the initial symptoms Peter experienced after arriving at Camp Granada?

  • Rash and joint pain
  • Cough and chest pain
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Fever and body chills (correct)
  • Which animal is commonly associated with harboring Yersinia pestis in the United States?

  • Cats
  • Birds
  • Dogs
  • Squirrels (correct)
  • What is the incubation period for bubonic plague?

  • ~1-3 days
  • ~10-14 days
  • ~2-8 days (correct)
  • ~5-7 days
  • What distinguishes septicemic plague from bubonic plague?

    <p>Occurs when bacteria multiply in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most serious form of plague?

    <p>Pneumonic plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is characteristic of bubonic plague?

    <p>Swollen lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is pneumonic plague primarily contracted?

    <p>Inhaling infectious droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can arise from untreated bubonic plague?

    <p>It can lead to pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of septicemic plague?

    <p>Complications from bubonic plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with pneumonic plague?

    <p>Swollen lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of plague to its description:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Caused by a bite from an infected flea leading to swollen lymph nodes Septicemic plague = Occurs when plague bacteria multiply in the blood Pneumonic plague = Caused by inhaling infectious droplets affecting the lungs Incubation period = Time between exposure to bacteria and onset of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the symptoms to the corresponding type of plague:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Swollen and tender lymph nodes Septicemic plague = Tissues turning black due to necrosis Pneumonic plague = Coughing up bloody mucous General symptoms = Fever, chills, and weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the exposure method to its plague form:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Bite from an infected flea Septicemic plague = Complication from untreated bubonic plague Pneumonic plague = Inhalation of infectious droplets Rodent bite = Direct transmission of Yersinia pestis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the duration of incubation period with its plague type:

    <p>Bubonic plague = ~2-8 days Septicemic plague = Days of exposure after transmission Pneumonic plague = 1-3 days General incubation period = Varies depending on the form of plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the animal to its relevance in plague transmission:

    <p>Rodents = Primary hosts for Yersinia pestis Fleas = Vectors for bacteria between rodents and humans Mice = Common carriers of the plague bacteria in the U.S. Prairie dogs = Rodent species implicated in transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the symptom with the type of illness:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Fever and swollen lymph nodes Septicemic plague = Shock and bleeding into the skin Pneumonic plague = Chest pain and shortness of breath All forms = Headache and chills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the method of contraction with plague type:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Transmission through flea bite Septicemic plague = Occurs after bubonic or through handling an infected animal Pneumonic plague = Inhalation of infected respiratory droplets Pests = Increasing role in transmission to pets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the complication with its plague form:

    <p>Bubonic plague = May lead to septicemic if untreated Septicemic plague = Can cause tissue necrosis Pneumonic plague = Leads to pneumonia and respiratory distress General complications = Severe weakening of the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the main characteristic to each symptom:

    <p>Swollen lymph nodes = Specific to bubonic plague Darkened skin areas = Characteristic of septicemic plague Coughing = Common in pneumonic plague Fever = Associated with all types of plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the key details with each type of plague:

    <p>Bubonic plague = Common form with swollen lymph nodes after flea bite Septicemic plague = Most severe with bacteria in the blood Pneumonic plague = Affects the lungs with a quick onset Yersinia pestis = Bacterium responsible for all forms of plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bubonic Plague

    • Caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis
    • Transmitted through flea bites.
    • Flea can transmit the bacteria from rodents to humans.
    • Rodent bites can also transfer the bacteria
    • Rodent species in the US that can harbor the bacteria include: mice, squirrels, chipmunks, and prairie dogs.
    • Patients develop fever, headache, chills, weakness, and tender swollen lymph nodes (buboes)
    • Incubation period ~2-8 days.
    • Can be treated with antibiotics.

    Septicemic Plague

    • Occurs when Yersinia pestis multiplies in the blood.
    • Can be caused by the spread of bubonic plague or as a complication of pneumonic plague.
    • Patients often develop fever, chills, extreme weakness, abdominal pain, shock, and sometimes bleeding into the skin and other organs.
    • Can lead to tissue death, causing discoloration in fingers, toes, and nose.
    • Incubation period is likely within days of exposure to the bacterium.

    Pneumonic Plague

    • Most serious form of the disease.
    • Caused by inhaling infectious droplets that spread the bacteria to the lungs.
    • Incubation period 1-3 days.
    • Patients develop fever, headache, weakness, pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and bloody mucous.
    • Only form that can be spread person to person
    • Untreated bubonic or septicemic plague can spread to the lungs, leading to pneumonic plague.
    • Can lead to respiratory failure, shock, and is almost always fatal.
    • Effective antibiotic treatments exist for early intervention.

    Bubonic Plague

    • Transmission: Primarily through infected flea bites.
    • Symptoms: Fever, headache, chills, weakness, swollen and painful lymph nodes (buboes).
    • Incubation: Typically 2-8 days.
    • Treatment: Antibiotics are effective if administered promptly.

    Septicemic Plague

    • Transmission: Can result from untreated bubonic plague or direct exposure to bacteria in the blood.
    • Symptoms: Fever, chills, extreme weakness, abdominal pain, shock, skin and organ bleeding (resulting in tissue discoloration, particularly fingers, toes, and nose).
    • Incubation: Varies, but usually occurs within days of exposure.
    • Treatment: Requires immediate antibiotic treatment.

    Pneumonic Plague

    • Transmission: Inhaling infectious droplets containing Yersinia pestis.
    • Symptoms: Fever, headache, weakness, sudden pneumonia, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, bloody mucus.
    • Incubation: 1-3 days.
    • Treatment: Requires immediate antibiotic treatment.
    • Contagious: This is the only form of the plague that can be spread person-to-person.

    Yersinia pestis:

    • A Gram-negative bacillus found in rodents (mice, squirrels, chipmunks, prairie dogs).
    • Fleas carry the bacteria and can transmit it to humans through bites.
    • Direct contact with infected animals (e.g., rodent bites) can also cause infection.
    • Pets can also become infected with fleas and transmit the bacteria.
    • Untreated plague: Can lead to respiratory failure, shock, and death.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the key aspects of the bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague, including causes, transmission, symptoms, and treatment. Learn about the role of Yersinia pestis and how it affects human health. Test your knowledge on these historic diseases and their impact.

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