BSC2010-U04: Control of Gene Expression Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main way controlling gene expression is achieved?

  • By controlling transcription initiation (correct)
  • By controlling translation initiation
  • By controlling translation elongation
  • By controlling transcription elongation

    • How do regulatory proteins influence transcription?

  • By blocking or stimulating transcription based on their interaction with RNA polymerase (correct)
  • By inhibiting translation
  • By activating transcription factors
  • By directly editing the DNA sequence

    • In prokaryotic organisms, what are operons?

  • Regulatory regions that bind to RNA polymerase
  • Sequences of DNA where transcription initiation is controlled positively
  • Clusters of genes under the control of a single operator (correct)
  • Sequences of DNA encoding regulatory proteins

    • What is the role of operators in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>To regulate the activity of RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does RNA polymerase bind in relation to the coding region of a gene in prokaryotes?

    <p>Immediately upstream from the region that codes for a protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does positive control achieve in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Increases transcription when activators bind DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of acetylated histones in relation to DNA?

    <p>Enhance DNA accessibility for transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is NOT a part of posttranscriptional regulation?

    <p>Histone acetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during alternative splicing?

    <p>Splicing out of introns to form mature mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of RNA editing?

    <p>Create mature mRNA not accurately encoded by the genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the inhibition of gene expression or translation by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules?

    <p>RNA interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a role of translation repressor proteins in posttranscriptional regulation?

    <p>Interfere with translation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ATP-dependent remodeling factor contribute to eukaryotic chromosome structure?

    <p>Promotes nucleosome sliding and remodeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of miRNA and siRNA in RNA interference?

    <p>Inhibiting gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which RNA molecule is involved in the degradation of miRNA and siRNA?

    <p>circRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism through which proteins are degraded when marked with ubiquitin?

    <p>Proteasome degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA molecule is 22 nucleotides in length and involved in the repression of a gene post-transcription?

    <p>miRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the Nobel prize recipients credited with the discovery of the CRISPR genome editing technique?

    <p>Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for transcription initiation in eukaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>General transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of factors increase transcription in certain cells or in response to signals in eukaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Specific transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of coactivators and mediators in the transcription complex?

    <p>Bind to transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do general transcription factors bind in the gene during eukaryotic regulation?

    <p>Promoter region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the association of methylated histone proteins with inactive regions of chromatin?

    <p>They prevent activators from binding to DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA sequences cause activation of transcription when specific transcription factors bind to them?

    <p>Enhancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the promoter in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Positioning the polymerase correctly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of regulation is exhibited by the trp operon?

    <p>Repressible regulation with tryptophan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cAMP in prokaryotic gene regulation?

    <p>Activates CAP for better binding of RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the lac operon, what happens when lactose is present?

    <p>An inducer molecule binds to the repressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does glucose affect the lac operon?

    <p>Enhances RNA polymerase binding to the promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of low levels of tryptophan in the trp operon?

    <p>Repressor binds to operator</p> Signup and view all the answers

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