BSC2010-U04: Control of Gene Expression Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the main way controlling gene expression is achieved?

By controlling transcription initiation (correct)

By controlling translation initiation

By controlling translation elongation

By controlling transcription elongation

How do regulatory proteins influence transcription?

By blocking or stimulating transcription based on their interaction with RNA polymerase (correct)

By inhibiting translation

By activating transcription factors

By directly editing the DNA sequence

In prokaryotic organisms, what are operons?

Regulatory regions that bind to RNA polymerase

Sequences of DNA where transcription initiation is controlled positively

Clusters of genes under the control of a single operator (correct)

Sequences of DNA encoding regulatory proteins

What is the role of operators in prokaryotic gene regulation?

To regulate the activity of RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Where does RNA polymerase bind in relation to the coding region of a gene in prokaryotes?

Immediately upstream from the region that codes for a protein Signup and view all the answers

What does positive control achieve in prokaryotic gene regulation?

Increases transcription when activators bind DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of acetylated histones in relation to DNA?

Enhance DNA accessibility for transcription Signup and view all the answers

Which process is NOT a part of posttranscriptional regulation?

Histone acetylation Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during alternative splicing?

Splicing out of introns to form mature mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of RNA editing?

Create mature mRNA not accurately encoded by the genome Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the inhibition of gene expression or translation by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules?

RNA interference Signup and view all the answers

What is a role of translation repressor proteins in posttranscriptional regulation?

Interfere with translation process Signup and view all the answers

How does ATP-dependent remodeling factor contribute to eukaryotic chromosome structure?

Promotes nucleosome sliding and remodeling Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of miRNA and siRNA in RNA interference?

Inhibiting gene expression Signup and view all the answers

Which RNA molecule is involved in the degradation of miRNA and siRNA?

circRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism through which proteins are degraded when marked with ubiquitin?

Proteasome degradation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA molecule is 22 nucleotides in length and involved in the repression of a gene post-transcription?

miRNA Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Nobel prize recipients credited with the discovery of the CRISPR genome editing technique?

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna Signup and view all the answers

What is required for transcription initiation in eukaryotic gene regulation?

General transcription factors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of factors increase transcription in certain cells or in response to signals in eukaryotic gene regulation?

Specific transcription factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coactivators and mediators in the transcription complex?

Bind to transcription factors Signup and view all the answers

Where do general transcription factors bind in the gene during eukaryotic regulation?

Promoter region Signup and view all the answers

What is the association of methylated histone proteins with inactive regions of chromatin?

They prevent activators from binding to DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which DNA sequences cause activation of transcription when specific transcription factors bind to them?

Enhancers Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the promoter in prokaryotic gene regulation?

Positioning the polymerase correctly Signup and view all the answers

Which type of regulation is exhibited by the trp operon?

Repressible regulation with tryptophan Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cAMP in prokaryotic gene regulation?

Activates CAP for better binding of RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

In the lac operon, what happens when lactose is present?

An inducer molecule binds to the repressor Signup and view all the answers

How does glucose affect the lac operon?

Enhances RNA polymerase binding to the promoter Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of low levels of tryptophan in the trp operon?

Repressor binds to operator Signup and view all the answers