Podcast
Questions and Answers
List at least two causes of pressure ulcers.
List at least two causes of pressure ulcers.
Edema and being bedridden are causes of pressure ulcers.
What is the term for inflammation of tissue surrounding nails?
What is the term for inflammation of tissue surrounding nails?
The term is paronychial inflammation.
What is the normal specific gravity range of urine?
What is the normal specific gravity range of urine?
The normal specific gravity range of urine is 1.010-1.030.
What does Smith's test typically help to detect?
What does Smith's test typically help to detect?
Signup and view all the answers
Explain the angle of insertion for a subcutaneous injection.
Explain the angle of insertion for a subcutaneous injection.
Signup and view all the answers
Which department in a hospital is responsible for keeping instruments clean and sterile?
Which department in a hospital is responsible for keeping instruments clean and sterile?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is referred to as the father of medicine?
Who is referred to as the father of medicine?
Signup and view all the answers
What method of documentation focuses on a client's problems?
What method of documentation focuses on a client's problems?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for a patient needing to sit up to breathe comfortably?
What is the term for a patient needing to sit up to breathe comfortably?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the brain regulates body temperature?
Which part of the brain regulates body temperature?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure called?
What is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended minimum time to properly wash your hands?
What is the recommended minimum time to properly wash your hands?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the position recommended for introducing an enema?
What is the position recommended for introducing an enema?
Signup and view all the answers
Define physical examination and explain one technique used in it.
Define physical examination and explain one technique used in it.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the main steps of the nursing process?
What are the main steps of the nursing process?
Signup and view all the answers
What is sodium imbalance?
What is sodium imbalance?
Signup and view all the answers
Define medication and list two rights of medication administration.
Define medication and list two rights of medication administration.
Signup and view all the answers
What is an enema and name one type of enema?
What is an enema and name one type of enema?
Signup and view all the answers
Describe the role of a hospital.
Describe the role of a hospital.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for?
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for?
Signup and view all the answers
List two factors influencing urination.
List two factors influencing urination.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Physical Examination
- Definition: A systematic process used to evaluate the physical health of a patient.
- Techniques:
- Inspection: Visual assessment of the patient.
- Palpation: Use of hands to feel body parts for abnormalities.
- Percussion: Tapping on body surfaces to assess underlying structures.
- Auscultation: Listening to body sounds typically using a stethoscope.
Nursing Process
- Definition: A systematic method for nursing care, ensuring patient-centered care.
- Steps:
- Assessment: Collecting patient data.
- Diagnosis: Identifying health issues.
- Planning: Developing a care plan.
- Implementation: Executing the plan.
- Evaluation: Reviewing the effectiveness of the care.
- Care Plan for Pyrexia: Focused on reducing fever and ensuring hydration.
Sodium Imbalance
- Occurs when sodium levels in the body are too low (hyponatremia) or too high (hypernatremia), impacting fluid balance and neurological function.
Medication Administration
- Definition: The process of giving medications to patients.
- Rights of Medication:
- Right medication, right dose, right patient, right route, right time, and right documentation.
Parenteral Therapies
- Routes: Intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC).
- Purposes: Deliver fluids, medications, or nutrients directly into the bloodstream.
- Intravenous Infusion: Continuous administration of fluids and medications through a vein, ensuring rapid delivery and absorption.
Enema
- Definition: A procedure to introduce liquid into the rectum for therapeutic purposes.
- Types: Cleansing, retention, and medicinal enemas.
- Procedure: Positioning the patient, administering the solution, and monitoring the response.
Hospital Overview
- Definition: An institution providing patient healthcare services.
- Types: General hospitals, specialty hospitals, teaching hospitals, and community hospitals.
- Organization: Managed by a healthcare team, including administrators, physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals.
- Functions: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness and providing patient care.
Nursing as a Profession
- Involves specific educational standards, ethics, and practice areas aimed at patient care and evaluation.
Records and Reports
- Essential for documenting patient care and ensuring continuity of care, facilitating communication among healthcare providers.
Pyrexia (Fever)
- Elevated body temperature indicating an underlying condition, often an infection or illness.
Glasgow Coma Scale
- A scale used to assess a patient's level of consciousness based on eye, verbal, and motor responses.
Health Assessment Types
- Comprehensive, focused, follow-up, and emergency assessments used to evaluate a patient's health status.
Nursing Diagnosis
- Types: Actual, risk, and wellness diagnoses that guide nursing care planning.
Medical vs. Nursing Diagnosis
- Medical diagnosis focuses on disease identification; nursing diagnosis emphasizes patient responses and care needs.
Factors Influencing Urination
- Bodily functions, medications, and emotional conditions that affect urinary patterns.
Alteration in Urinary Elimination
- Conditions like urinary incontinence, retention, and frequency that affect normal urination.
Urine Characteristics
- Includes color, clarity, odor, and specific gravity, providing information on health status.
Benedict Test
- A test to detect the presence of reducing sugars, primarily glucose, in urine.
Glucose Tolerance Test
- Assesses the body’s ability to metabolize glucose, often used for diabetes diagnosis.
Fluid and Electrolytes Balance
- Influenced by age, health status, and environmental factors affecting hydration and electrolyte levels.
Blood Transfusion
- The process of transferring blood products into a patient’s circulation, requiring careful monitoring for reactions.
IV Therapy Complications
- Potential issues include infection, infiltration, phlebitis, and fluid overload.
Medication Orders
- Directions provided by a healthcare professional regarding the administration of medications.
Drug Storage and Maintenance
- Importance of proper drug storage conditions and nurses' responsibilities in maintaining medication safety.
Needle-Stick Injury Prevention
- Strategies and protocols in place to minimize risks associated with needle stick injuries among healthcare workers.
Nightingale Theory of Nursing
- Emphasizes the importance of the environment in patient healing and nursing practice.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- A psychological theory outlining human needs from basic (physiological) to complex (self-actualization).
Levels of Prevention
- Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies aimed at reducing health risks and promoting wellness.
Code of Ethics
- Guidelines for professional conduct in nursing, addressing issues such as patient dignity, confidentiality, and justice.
Barriers to Communication
- Factors such as language differences, cultural misunderstanding, and emotional states that hinder effective communication.
Communication Process
- The transmission of information between individuals involving a sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback.
Hot and Cold Applications
- Therapies used for pain relief, inflammation control, and comfort; each has specific indications.
Nosocomial Infection
- Infections acquired during hospital stays, often preventable through proper hygiene and standard precautions.
Standard Precautions
- Infection control practices to prevent the transmission of infections in healthcare settings.
Bio-Medical Waste Management
- Guidelines and practices for the safe disposal of healthcare waste to prevent environmental contamination and health risks.
Pain Assessment
- Systematic evaluation of pain to determine intensity and impact on a patient's quality of life.
Restraints
- Devices or methods used to restrict a patient's movement; should be used only as a last resort and monitored closely.
Medico-Legal Issues
- Legal implications concerning patient care, informed consent, and nursing liability.
Patient Education
- Providing patients with information about their health conditions and care processes to empower and engage them in their health management.
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
- An emergency procedure to restore breathing and circulation during cardiac arrest situations.
Nursing Process Definition
- A systematic approach to providing care for patients, emphasizing assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation.
NANDA Definition
- North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, responsible for developing and maintaining nursing diagnoses.
Urinary Terms
- Polyuria: Excessive urination.
- Oliguria: Insufficient urination.
- Anuria: Absence of urination.
- Pyuria: Presence of pus in urine.
- Nocturia: Frequent urination at night.
- Dysuria: Painful urination.
- Enuresis: Involuntary urination, often during sleep.
- Urinary Incontinence: Loss of bladder control.
- Urinary Retention: Inability to urinate.
ELISA Definition
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, a test for detecting specific proteins or antibodies in samples.
Acid-Base Disorders
- Metabolic Acidosis: A condition characterized by decreased pH due to excess acid in the body.
- Respiratory Alkalosis: Increased pH due to decreased carbon dioxide levels from hyperventilation.
IV Fluids
- Classification of solutions used for intravenous administration, tailored for patient needs.
IV Infusion Definition
- The delivery of fluids directly into a vein, used for hydration, medication, or nutrient delivery.
Suppository Definition
- A solid dosage form designed for insertion into the rectum or vagina, where it dissolves to deliver medication.
Abbreviations
- tid: three times a day.
- q8h: every eight hours.
- qid: four times a day.
- prn: as needed.
Injection Sites
- Common sites for intramuscular injections include the deltoid, vastus lateralis, and ventrogluteal muscles.
Syringe and Needle Parts
- Includes the barrel, plunger, needle hub, shaft, and bevel, each serving a specific function for medication delivery.
Rigor Mortis Definition
- The postmortem stiffening of muscles, occurring after death due to biochemical changes.
Euthanasia Definition
- The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering, often a controversial ethical issue.
Comfort Devices
- Tools or equipment designed to enhance patient's comfort, such as pillows, cushions, or positioning devices.
LAMA Definition
- Left Against Medical Advice, referring to a patient’s decision to leave a hospital without consent from a healthcare provider.
Pulse Taking Sites
- Common sites for checking pulse include radial, carotid, femoral, popliteal, and dorsalis pedis arteries.
Types of Bed
- Various types including semi-fowler, fowler’s, and adjustable beds used for specific patient needs.
Medical Asepsis Definition
- Practices aimed at reducing the number and spread of pathogens to prevent infection.
Infection Types
- Localized, systemic, acute, and chronic infections with varying characteristics and implications.
Temperature Conversion Formula
- Formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: (°F - 32) x 5/9 = °C.
CSSD Definition
- Central Sterile Supply Department, responsible for cleaning, sterilizing, and storing medical instruments.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers essential topics in the Foundation of Nursing-I & II, focusing on physical examination techniques, nursing processes, and medication administration. You'll explore sodium imbalance and parenteral therapies in detail. Master these concepts to excel in your nursing studies.
