cardio
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate size of the heart?

  • 10 cm long, 8 cm wide
  • 12 cm long, 9 cm wide (correct)
  • 8 cm long, 6 cm wide
  • 14 cm long, 7 cm wide
  • Which vessel mainly supplies the left atrium?

  • Pulmonary veins (correct)
  • Inferior vena cava
  • Aorta
  • Superior vena cava
  • The apex of the heart is located at which anatomical landmark?

  • 3rd costal cartilage
  • Mid clavicular line, 5th intercostal space (correct)
  • 2nd intercostal space
  • 6th costal cartilage
  • What is the primary function of the pericardium?

    <p>To anchor the heart and allow for contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart is mainly located posteriorly?

    <p>Left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leads is the inferior margin of the heart associated with?

    <p>II, III, aVf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mainly constitutes the serous part of the pericardium?

    <p>Double layer membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a chamber of the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many borders does the heart have?

    <p>3 borders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart lies anteriorly?

    <p>Right atrium and right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atrioventricular valves during atrial contraction?

    <p>The valves open and project into the ventricle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles help prevent the backflow of blood into the atrium during ventricular contraction?

    <p>Papillary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the semilunar valves?

    <p>Prevent backflow into the ventricles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle when the ventricle is relaxed?

    <p>Through the atrioventricular valves when they are open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the aorta's function?

    <p>Carries oxygenated blood to systemic circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the opening of the semilunar valves during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chordae tendineae in the heart?

    <p>To anchor and stabilize the atrioventricular valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having no valves between veins and atria?

    <p>It relies on muscle action to reduce backflow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pericardial fluid?

    <p>To reduce friction between the layers of the pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes pericarditis?

    <p>Inflammation of the pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the myocardium described?

    <p>Cardiac striated muscle tissue responsible for contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the interventricular septum?

    <p>To divide the left and right ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the 4 pulmonary veins?

    <p>Left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium?

    <p>Bicuspid (mitral) valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart is the thickest?

    <p>Myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chordae tendineae in the heart?

    <p>To anchor the cusps of the heart valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the myocardial thickness of the left ventricle?

    <p>It is the thickest due to the need to pump blood over longer distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

    <p>To act as a structural foundation and electrical insulator</p> Signup and view all the answers

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