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Questions and Answers
What was the main reason for the collapse of the Mughal Empire in India by the mid-1700s?
What was the main reason for the collapse of the Mughal Empire in India by the mid-1700s?
How did Britain initially gain a foothold in India?
How did Britain initially gain a foothold in India?
What strategy did Britain use to exploit India's diversity and gain control?
What strategy did Britain use to exploit India's diversity and gain control?
Which of the following was NOT a social change pushed by the British in India?
Which of the following was NOT a social change pushed by the British in India?
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What was the immediate cause of the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857?
What was the immediate cause of the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857?
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After the Sepoy Rebellion, how did Britain's governance of India change?
After the Sepoy Rebellion, how did Britain's governance of India change?
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What term was used to describe British rule in India after 1858?
What term was used to describe British rule in India after 1858?
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How did British rule economically impact India?
How did British rule economically impact India?
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What was a significant negative impact of British rule in India?
What was a significant negative impact of British rule in India?
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How did the Suez Canal affect British trade with India?
How did the Suez Canal affect British trade with India?
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Which of the following was not an advantage associated with British rule in India?
Which of the following was not an advantage associated with British rule in India?
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What was the general attitude of educated Indians towards British influence?
What was the general attitude of educated Indians towards British influence?
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Who was Ram Mohun Roy and what was his contribution?
Who was Ram Mohun Roy and what was his contribution?
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What did Thomas Macaulay argue regarding Indian education?
What did Thomas Macaulay argue regarding Indian education?
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What major political development occurred as a result of British educational policies in India?
What major political development occurred as a result of British educational policies in India?
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What was the primary purpose of the Indian National Congress when it was established in 1885?
What was the primary purpose of the Indian National Congress when it was established in 1885?
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What was the founding aim of the Muslim League in 1906?
What was the founding aim of the Muslim League in 1906?
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What term refers to the practice of secluding women in separate quarters?
What term refers to the practice of secluding women in separate quarters?
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Study Notes
Mughal Empire Collapse
- The primary cause of the Mughal Empire's decline by the mid-1700s was a lack of strong rulers.
British Foothold in India
- Britain initially gained a foothold in India by establishing trading rights.
British Strategy for Control
- Britain exploited India's diversity by encouraging competition and supplying weapons to rival Indian princes.
Social Changes under British Rule
- The British ended slavery, abolished the caste system, and banned sati in India. However, they did not promote arranged marriages as a social change.
Sepoy Mutiny/Rebellion
- The immediate cause of the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857 was rumors that rifle cartridges were greased with animal fat, offending both Hindu and Muslim soldiers.
British Governance Changes
- After the rebellion, British governance changed, with greater direct control moving from the East India Company to the British Crown. This was the start of the British Raj.
British Rule in India (The Raj)
- British rule in India after 1858 was called the British Raj.
Economic Impact of British Rule
- British rule extracted significant wealth from India for the benefit of Britain.
Criticisms of British Governors
- Governors like Robert Clive were criticized for taking excessive personal wealth from India.
Suez Canal's Role
- The Suez Canal facilitated easier access to India for Britain, providing a new trade route.
Benefits and Drawbacks of British Rule
- Benefits included improved roads and reduction of banditry and the introduction of Western education. But traditional Indian customs were not preserved.
Indian Response to British Rule
- Educated Indians generally sought to combine Indian traditions with modern Western ways.
Important Indian Reformers
- Ram Mohun Roy was an Indian reformer who founded Hindu College (not a University).
Educational Policies
- Thomas Macaulay believed in using European education to "civilize" Indians.
Unexpected Consequences of Western Education
- Western education led to the formation of self-rule movements in India.
Indian National Congress
- The Indian National Congress, formed in 1885, advocated for self-rule in India.
Muslim League
- The Muslim League, formed in 1906, sought to advocate for a separate Muslim state.
Social Practices
- "Purdah" describes the practice of isolating women in separate quarters.
British Economic Practices
- To acquire goods, the British used taxes collected from Indians.
Economic Drain of India
- Economist Utsa Patnaik estimated that Britain drained approximately $30 trillion from India between 1765 and 1938.
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Description
Explore the key events and changes during the British rule in India from the Mughal Empire's collapse to the Sepoy Rebellion. This quiz covers the social impacts, governance shifts, and strategies used by Britain to control India. Test your knowledge on this pivotal period in Indian history.
