British Colonization of Lagos and Niger Delta

Questions and Answers

In what year was Lagos proclaimed a British colony?

1894

1885

1901

1861 (correct)

What led to Nana of Warri being exiled to Accra?

His involvement in a trade deal with Bonny.

His support for British colonial rule.

His refusal to surrender to British forces.

His rejection of trade with the British. (correct)

Which king was deposed and banished due to British naval action in 1837?

King William Dappa Pepple (correct)

King Jaja

Nana of Warri

Oba Overamwhen

What action did the British take in response to the Oba of Benin refusing to meet their emissaries?

They marched on Benin and sacked the city. Signup and view all the answers

How was King Jaja tricked into exile in 1885?

He was invited to discuss trade on a ship. Signup and view all the answers

What happened in the Igbo hinterland in 1901?

The Ibinukpabi Oracle was set on fire. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Oil Rivers Protectorate established to control?

Trade and resources in the Niger Delta. Signup and view all the answers

What justification did the British use for their aggressive actions in the region?

Defending British trade interests. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main difference in the treatment of natives under colonial rule compared to previous centuries?

Natives were at home but faced servitude. Signup and view all the answers

What factors influenced the natives' ability to pay taxes under colonial rule?

Availability of foreign currencies. Signup and view all the answers

How did the British control the cash crop market?

By determining the value of the product unilaterally. Signup and view all the answers

What strategy was primarily used by the British to maintain control over the native populations?

Indirect rule and divide and rule. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the warrant chiefs in the context of colonial rule?

Local emirs and chieftains cooperating with the British. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the economic system established by colonial rule?

A network with a colonial political economy focused on exploitation. Signup and view all the answers

What were the possible consequences for natives unable to pay their taxes?

They resorted to tax evasion or theft. Signup and view all the answers

In what way was the administration of each colony structured?

Through a decentralized network of provinces and divisions. Signup and view all the answers

Who is primarily in charge of the sacred objects, shrines, and festivals of the Igala people?

Àtá Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Ach'adú fulfill within the Igala hierarchy?

Prime minister Signup and view all the answers

Which title is associated with the traditional husband of the Àtá?

Oko-Ata Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Ifa in the religious practices of the Igala people?

To reveal the essence of God’s will Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a title within the Igala hierarchy?

Chief sorcerer (Ogbah) Signup and view all the answers

What is the title given to the emperor of the Igala Kingdom?

Àtá Signup and view all the answers

What significance do the spirits of the departed souls (Ibegwu) hold in Igala culture?

They judge the actions of the living Signup and view all the answers

In which region is the Igala Kingdom located?

Middle Belt or North-central Nigeria Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of conduct does Ibegwu specifically forbid?

Daytime sexual activity Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to chastise the king in traditional Igala society?

The queen mother Signup and view all the answers

Among the Igalas, who is given sacrificial offerings to gain favor?

Demigods linked to nature Signup and view all the answers

What is the capital of the Igala Kingdom?

Idah Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the roles in the court of the Àtá?

Iyalode Signup and view all the answers

Which item is a symbol of power in the Igala Kingdom?

Oka (beads) Signup and view all the answers

The government of the Igala Kingdom can best be described as:

Monarchical Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups did NOT influence the Igala Kingdom?

Hausa Signup and view all the answers

What is state capture primarily characterized by?

Illicit amassing of wealth and control of state institutions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the impact of state capture on the population?

A sense of hopelessness regarding reform Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the corrupt actions of those in power executing their activities under legal pretense?

Legal corruption Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental element of society is compromised as a direct consequence of state capture?

Cultural integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is a common way state capture is achieved?

Via the actions of a corrupt political party or network Signup and view all the answers

How is culture defined in the context of state capture?

A way of life encompassing achievements in various societal fields Signup and view all the answers

Prior to colonialism, how were the various 'Nigerian' peoples organized?

Politically, socially, and economically organized in relation to their environment Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the extreme situation of power abuse where political corruption is rampant?

State capture Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

British Colonial Expansion

In 1861, Lagos was annexed and established as a British colony, ending puppet rule.
By 1885, the Niger Delta was subdued and renamed the Oil Rivers Protectorate.
In 1894, Nana of Warri faced British aggression for defending trade control at Sapele, leading to a month-long siege and eventual exile.
Bonny resisted British trade dominance in 1837, resulting in the deposition of King William Dappa Pepple and his exile to London.
The British forcibly occupied Benin in 1897 after the Oba refused to meet their representatives, leading to the city's sacking and the Oba's exile.

Colonial Tactics and Governance

King Jaja of Opobo was tricked and exiled in 1885 after refusing British control over Opobo port.
The Igbo hinterland was invaded in 1901, with local religious structures destroyed to suppress resistance.
Colonial rule involved indirect governance through warrant chiefs and local emirs, maintaining control while exploiting local markets.
The British determined the value of cash crops, with natives paid minimal wages and heavily taxed, leading to practices like tax evasion.

Igala Kingdom Overview

Igala Land, known as the Igala Kingdom, is located at the confluence of Rivers Niger and Benue in Nigeria's middle belt.
The kingdom was established by the Igala people, with the Àtá serving as the emperor and spiritual leader, and its capital at Idah.
Traditional governance was hierarchical with divine kings, an elaborate court system, and various royal titles among officials and servants.

Igala society featured customs to limit the king's power, including the queen mother's ability to chastise the king.
The Àtá presided over sacred objects, festivals, and religious practices, with significant ceremonial items symbolizing authority.
The Igala worldview acknowledges a supreme deity, Ọjọ́-chàmáchálóà, alongside consultations of Ifa for divine guidance.

State Capture and Its Implications

"State capture" refers to states controlled by a small group exploiting public institutions for personal gain, often perpetuating corrupt practices under legal pretenses.
It involves systemic corruption that hampers state functions and leaves citizens disempowered.
Such corruption leads to cultural deterioration, impeding social progress and civility, reversing achievements made before colonial influences.

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Description

Explore the complex history of British colonization in Lagos and the Niger Delta through this quiz. From the annexation of Lagos to the conflicts with local leaders like Nana of Warri, test your knowledge on these significant historical events that shaped the region. Understand the dynamics of power and resistance during the 19th century.