44 Questions
What type of blood is pumped by the heart to the rest of the body?
Oxygenated blood
What is the main function of the diaphragm during inhalation?
It contracts and flattens
What happens to the internal pressure during inhalation?
It decreases
What is the role of the intercostal muscles during inhalation?
They contract and expand the rib cage
What happens to the thoracic volume during exhalation?
It decreases
What is the main function of the diaphragm during exhalation?
It relaxes and returns to its dome shape
What is the role of the intercostal muscles during exhalation?
They relax and allow the rib cage to contract
What is the purpose of the heart in the breathing mechanism?
To pump oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?
It contracts and flattens, moving downwards.
What happens to the volume of the chest cavity during exhalation?
It decreases.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
In the alveoli.
What is the function of haemoglobin in red blood cells?
To carry oxygen.
What happens to oxygen during diffusion in the alveoli?
It diffuses from the alveoli into the blood.
What is the role of the heart in the respiratory system?
To pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
During inhalation, what happens to the rib cage?
It moves upwards and outwards
What is the process by which oxygen enters the blood in the alveoli?
Diffusion
What is the purpose of the bronchioles in the lungs?
To branch into smaller airways
What is the function of carbon dioxide in the respiratory system?
To be transported back to the lungs to be expelled
What happens to the air during exhalation?
It travels from the lungs to the trachea
What is the role of the capillaries in the alveoli?
To facilitate gas exchange
What is the primary function of the trachea?
To connect the pharynx and larynx to the lungs
What is the primary function of the heart in the breathing mechanism?
To pump oxygenated blood to the lungs
What happens to the rib cage during inhalation?
It expands and increases in volume
What is the result of the increased thoracic volume during inhalation?
Decreased internal pressure
What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?
It relaxes and returns to its dome shape
What is the purpose of the intercostal muscles during breathing?
To expand and contract the rib cage
What type of blood returns to the heart?
Deoxygenated blood
What is the result of the decreased thoracic volume during exhalation?
Increased internal pressure
What happens to the air during inhalation?
It flows into the lungs
What is the primary function of the network of blood vessels in the breathing mechanism?
To transport oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
Which muscle relaxes and returns to its original shape during exhalation?
Diaphragm
What is the effect of increased thoracic volume on internal pressure during inhalation?
It decreases the internal pressure
What is the net result of the breathing mechanism in terms of gas exchange?
Oxygen is added to the blood and carbon dioxide is removed
What is the primary function of the heart in the context of the breathing mechanism?
To pump oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
What is the effect of diaphragm contraction on the thoracic volume during inhalation?
It increases the thoracic volume
What is the role of the intercostal muscles during breathing?
To expand and contract the rib cage
What is the primary site of gas exchange in the breathing mechanism?
Alveoli
What is the primary function of the bronchi in the lungs?
To branch into smaller airways, ultimately leading to the alveoli
What is the effect of increased thoracic volume on the lungs during inhalation?
The lungs expand to fill the extra space, allowing air to be pulled into them
What is the purpose of the alveoli in the lungs?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
What happens to the oxygen that diffuses into the alveoli?
It binds to haemoglobin molecules in red blood cells
What is the role of the capillaries in the alveoli?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is the result of the decreased thoracic volume during exhalation?
The lungs are compressed, forcing air out of them
What is the role of haemoglobin in red blood cells?
To bind oxygen, allowing it to be transported to the body
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