Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter 11

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Questions and Answers

What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration?

  • 2000 mL to 2200 mL
  • 1500 mL to 1600 mL
  • 1100 mL to 1200 mL (correct)
  • 900 mL to 1000 mL

What is the total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration?

  • Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) only
  • Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) (correct)
  • Tidal Volume (TV) only
  • Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) only

What is the primary site of exchange of gases?

  • Trachea
  • Diaphragm
  • Bronchi
  • Alveoli (correct)

What is the mechanism by which O2 and CO2 are exchanged in the alveoli?

<p>Simple diffusion based on pressure/concentration gradient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration?

<p>Vital Capacity (VC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced inspiration?

<p>Total Lung Capacity (TLC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration?

<p>500 mL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the intra-pulmonary pressure when the diaphragm and inter-costal muscles relax?

<p>It increases to slightly above the atmospheric pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average volume of air that a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration?

<p>2500 mL to 3000 mL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a spirometer in clinical assessment?

<p>To estimate respiratory volumes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average breathing rate of a healthy human?

<p>12-16 times/minute (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration?

<p>1000 mL to 1100 mL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

<p>To transport oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during inspiration and expiration?

<p>Pressure gradients are created between the atmosphere and the alveoli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur in the alveoli and tissues?

<p>By diffusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a spirometer?

<p>To estimate volumes of air involved in respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of long exposure to harmful substances in the lungs?

<p>Inflammation leading to fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is harmful?

<p>Carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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