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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter 11

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter 11

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Questions and Answers

What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration?

2000 mL to 2200 mL

1500 mL to 1600 mL

1100 mL to 1200 mL (correct)

900 mL to 1000 mL

What is the total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration?

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) only

Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) (correct)

Tidal Volume (TV) only

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) only

What is the primary site of exchange of gases?

Trachea

Diaphragm

Bronchi

Alveoli (correct)

What is the mechanism by which O2 and CO2 are exchanged in the alveoli?

Simple diffusion based on pressure/concentration gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration?

Vital Capacity (VC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced inspiration?

Total Lung Capacity (TLC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration?

500 mL Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the intra-pulmonary pressure when the diaphragm and inter-costal muscles relax?

It increases to slightly above the atmospheric pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the average volume of air that a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration?

2500 mL to 3000 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a spirometer in clinical assessment?

To estimate respiratory volumes Signup and view all the answers

What is the average breathing rate of a healthy human?

What is the average volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration?

1000 mL to 1100 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To transport oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What happens during inspiration and expiration?

Pressure gradients are created between the atmosphere and the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

How do oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur in the alveoli and tissues?

By diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a spirometer?

To estimate volumes of air involved in respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of long exposure to harmful substances in the lungs?

Inflammation leading to fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is harmful?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers