18 Questions
What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration?
1100 mL to 1200 mL
What is the total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration?
Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
What is the primary site of exchange of gases?
Alveoli
What is the mechanism by which O2 and CO2 are exchanged in the alveoli?
Simple diffusion based on pressure/concentration gradient
What is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration?
Vital Capacity (VC)
What is the total volume of air accommodated in the lungs at the end of a forced inspiration?
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
What is the approximate volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration?
500 mL
What happens to the intra-pulmonary pressure when the diaphragm and inter-costal muscles relax?
It increases to slightly above the atmospheric pressure
What is the average volume of air that a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration?
2500 mL to 3000 mL
What is the purpose of a spirometer in clinical assessment?
To estimate respiratory volumes
What is the average breathing rate of a healthy human?
12-16 times/minute
What is the average volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration?
1000 mL to 1100 mL
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To transport oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide
What happens during inspiration and expiration?
Pressure gradients are created between the atmosphere and the alveoli
How do oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occur in the alveoli and tissues?
By diffusion
What is the purpose of a spirometer?
To estimate volumes of air involved in respiration
What is the result of long exposure to harmful substances in the lungs?
Inflammation leading to fibrosis
What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is harmful?
Carbon dioxide
Learn about the different respiratory volumes, including residual volume, inspiratory capacity, and more. Understand the concepts and their applications in clinical diagnosis.
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