Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common non-skin malignancy in women?
What is the most common non-skin malignancy in women?
- Endometrial Cancer
- Cervical Cancer
- Breast Cancer (correct)
- Ovarian Cancer
Women who have full-term pregnancies at age 20 or younger have a higher chance of developing breast cancer.
Women who have full-term pregnancies at age 20 or younger have a higher chance of developing breast cancer.
False (B)
Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for breast cancer.
Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for breast cancer.
False (B)
What is the most common type of breast cancer?
What is the most common type of breast cancer?
What does DCIS stand for?
What does DCIS stand for?
LCIS is a true form of cancer.
LCIS is a true form of cancer.
Which of the following is not a major prognostic factor for breast cancer?
Which of the following is not a major prognostic factor for breast cancer?
Which of the following is considered an aggressive form of breast cancer?
Which of the following is considered an aggressive form of breast cancer?
A lumpectomy is a suitable treatment for large tumors.
A lumpectomy is a suitable treatment for large tumors.
What is the most common histological subtype of cervical cancer?
What is the most common histological subtype of cervical cancer?
Cervical adenocarcinoma originates in granular cells in the cervix.
Cervical adenocarcinoma originates in granular cells in the cervix.
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cervical cancer?
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cervical cancer?
Oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of cervical cancer.
Oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of cervical cancer.
What is the most effective way to prevent cervical cancer?
What is the most effective way to prevent cervical cancer?
A cervical biopsy is always performed after a Pap smear.
A cervical biopsy is always performed after a Pap smear.
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is only a diagnostic procedure.
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is only a diagnostic procedure.
Endometrial cancer is more common in women younger than 40 years old.
Endometrial cancer is more common in women younger than 40 years old.
What is the primary reason for the increased risk of endometrial cancer after menopause?
What is the primary reason for the increased risk of endometrial cancer after menopause?
Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer.
Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer.
What is the most common treatment for early invasive endometrial cancer?
What is the most common treatment for early invasive endometrial cancer?
Leiomyosarcoma is a common malignant neoplasm.
Leiomyosarcoma is a common malignant neoplasm.
What is the most common site of origin for leiomyosarcoma?
What is the most common site of origin for leiomyosarcoma?
Which of the following is not a typical symptom of leiomyosarcoma?
Which of the following is not a typical symptom of leiomyosarcoma?
Leiomyosarcoma is more likely to metastasize than other types of uterine cancer.
Leiomyosarcoma is more likely to metastasize than other types of uterine cancer.
A radical prostatectomy is a curative treatment for prostate cancer.
A radical prostatectomy is a curative treatment for prostate cancer.
What is the normal PSA level for a 65-year-old man?
What is the normal PSA level for a 65-year-old man?
Cryotherapy is a common treatment for prostate cancer.
Cryotherapy is a common treatment for prostate cancer.
Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer targets the growth of cancerous cells by blocking the effects of hormones.
Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer targets the growth of cancerous cells by blocking the effects of hormones.
What is the precursor lesion for bowenoid papulosis?
What is the precursor lesion for bowenoid papulosis?
Circumcision is a risk factor for penile cancer.
Circumcision is a risk factor for penile cancer.
Esophageal cancer is more common in people who smoke cigarettes.
Esophageal cancer is more common in people who smoke cigarettes.
Achalasia is a condition that increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
Achalasia is a condition that increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
Eating hot beverages can increase the risk of esophageal cancer.
Eating hot beverages can increase the risk of esophageal cancer.
Nutritional deficiencies are associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer.
Nutritional deficiencies are associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer.
Plummer-Vinson syndrome is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Plummer-Vinson syndrome is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
The most common symptom of esophageal cancer is chest pain.
The most common symptom of esophageal cancer is chest pain.
What is the most common cause of adenocarcinoma of the stomach?
What is the most common cause of adenocarcinoma of the stomach?
The risk of stomach cancer is lower in people who consume leafy green vegetables and citrus fruits.
The risk of stomach cancer is lower in people who consume leafy green vegetables and citrus fruits.
Stomach cancer is more common in men.
Stomach cancer is more common in men.
A fecal occult blood test is used to detect cancer cells in the stool.
A fecal occult blood test is used to detect cancer cells in the stool.
What is the most common type of treatment for esophageal cancer?
What is the most common type of treatment for esophageal cancer?
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are more common in the stomach than in the small intestine.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are more common in the stomach than in the small intestine.
What is the most common sign of a GIST in the stomach?
What is the most common sign of a GIST in the stomach?
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is more common in women than in men.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is more common in women than in men.
What is the leading risk factor for developing HCC?
What is the leading risk factor for developing HCC?
HCC is more common in developed countries than in developing countries.
HCC is more common in developed countries than in developing countries.
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for breast cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for breast cancer?
What is the most common type of invasive breast cancer?
What is the most common type of invasive breast cancer?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer?
The most common type of gastric cancer is adenocarcinoma.
The most common type of gastric cancer is adenocarcinoma.
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of adenocarcinoma of the stomach?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of adenocarcinoma of the stomach?
Hepatocellular carcinoma is more prevalent in developed countries.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is more prevalent in developed countries.
What is the primary treatment for early stages of esophageal cancer?
What is the primary treatment for early stages of esophageal cancer?
Which of the following is a common risk factor for endometrial cancer?
Which of the following is a common risk factor for endometrial cancer?
What is the most common treatment for invasive endometrial cancer?
What is the most common treatment for invasive endometrial cancer?
What is the name of the test that is used to measure the concentration of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood?
What is the name of the test that is used to measure the concentration of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood?
The most common form of penile cancer is bowenoid papulosis.
The most common form of penile cancer is bowenoid papulosis.
What is the name of the precursor lesion to invasive penile cancer?
What is the name of the precursor lesion to invasive penile cancer?
Name a commonly used drug in palliative treatment of esophageal cancer.
Name a commonly used drug in palliative treatment of esophageal cancer.
What is the name of the condition that is characterized by a thickening of the esophagus and difficulty swallowing, often associated with iron deficiency anemia?
What is the name of the condition that is characterized by a thickening of the esophagus and difficulty swallowing, often associated with iron deficiency anemia?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for developing cervical cancer?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for developing cervical cancer?
The majority of invasive cervical cancers are caused by HPV, specifically types 16 and 18.
The majority of invasive cervical cancers are caused by HPV, specifically types 16 and 18.
Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic test used for cervical cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic test used for cervical cancer?
Which of the following is considered a precancerous lesion of the cervix?
Which of the following is considered a precancerous lesion of the cervix?
Most cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed in early stages.
Most cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed in early stages.
The most effective way to prevent cervical cancer is vaccination against HPV.
The most effective way to prevent cervical cancer is vaccination against HPV.
What is the primary treatment for early stages of invasive cervical cancer?
What is the primary treatment for early stages of invasive cervical cancer?
Which of the following is a common treatment for early stage endometrial cancer?
Which of the following is a common treatment for early stage endometrial cancer?
Leiomyosarcoma is a type of cancer that originates only in the uterus.
Leiomyosarcoma is a type of cancer that originates only in the uterus.
The 5-year survival rate for leiomyosarcoma is high.
The 5-year survival rate for leiomyosarcoma is high.
What type of imaging study is commonly used to detect metastatic osteoblastic carcinoma?
What type of imaging study is commonly used to detect metastatic osteoblastic carcinoma?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing prostate cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing prostate cancer?
What is the name of the surgical procedure used to remove the entire prostate gland?
What is the name of the surgical procedure used to remove the entire prostate gland?
What is the name of the minimally invasive procedure that uses freezing temperatures to destroy cancerous tissue in the prostate?
What is the name of the minimally invasive procedure that uses freezing temperatures to destroy cancerous tissue in the prostate?
Hormonal therapy is used to treat prostate cancer by blocking the production of testosterone.
Hormonal therapy is used to treat prostate cancer by blocking the production of testosterone.
The most common type of ovarian cancer is a borderline tumor.
The most common type of ovarian cancer is a borderline tumor.
What is the name of the rare and aggressive type of cancer that develops in the placenta?
What is the name of the rare and aggressive type of cancer that develops in the placenta?
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is more common in the stomach than in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is more common in the stomach than in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is more prevalent in men than in women.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is more prevalent in men than in women.
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hepatocellular carcinoma?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hepatocellular carcinoma?
The primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma is liver transplantation.
The primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma is liver transplantation.
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma?
Flashcards
Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer
Most common non-skin malignancy in women.
Carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
Carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
Abnormal cells in breast lining, but haven't spread.
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)
Cancer cells in breast lobules, hasn't spread.
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Invasive ductal carcinoma
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Invasive lobular carcinoma
Invasive lobular carcinoma
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Medullary carcinoma
Medullary carcinoma
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Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma
Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma
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Tubular carcinoma
Tubular carcinoma
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Invasive papillary carcinoma
Invasive papillary carcinoma
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Metaplastic carcinoma
Metaplastic carcinoma
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Distant metastases
Distant metastases
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Lymph node metastases
Lymph node metastases
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Tumor size
Tumor size
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Locally advanced disease
Locally advanced disease
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Inflammatory carcinoma
Inflammatory carcinoma
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Mammography
Mammography
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Ultrasound
Ultrasound
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MRI
MRI
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Biopsy
Biopsy
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Lumpectomy
Lumpectomy
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Partial/Segmental Mastectomy
Partial/Segmental Mastectomy
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Total Mastectomy
Total Mastectomy
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Modified Radical Mastectomy
Modified Radical Mastectomy
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Cellular Aberration
Cellular Aberration
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Cyclins
Cyclins
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)
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Proto-oncogenes
Proto-oncogenes
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Tumor suppressor genes
Tumor suppressor genes
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Cancer
Cancer
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Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia
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Metaplasia
Metaplasia
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Dysplasia
Dysplasia
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Anaplasia
Anaplasia
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Neoplasia
Neoplasia
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Benign Tumor
Benign Tumor
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Malignant Tumor
Malignant Tumor
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Invasion
Invasion
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Metastasis
Metastasis
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Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy
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Atrophy
Atrophy
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Necrosis
Necrosis
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis
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Differentiation
Differentiation
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Carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis
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Carcinogen
Carcinogen
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Endogenous risk factors
Endogenous risk factors
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Exogenous risk factors
Exogenous risk factors
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Tumor marker
Tumor marker
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Genetic tumor marker
Genetic tumor marker
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Tumor Staging
Tumor Staging
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Tumor Grading
Tumor Grading
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Angiogenesis
Angiogenesis
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Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy
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Photodynamic therapy
Photodynamic therapy
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Study Notes
Carcinoma of the Breast
- Most common non-skin malignancy in women
- Gender and genetics are major risk factors
- Incidence increases throughout a woman's life, peaking at 75-80 years
- Early menarche (before 11 years old) and late menopause increase risk
- Full-term pregnancy under 20, or over 35 at first birth, reduces risk
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy and breastfeeding offer some protection against breast cancer
- Other risk factors include first-degree relatives with breast cancer, atypical hyperplasia, ethnicity, and estrogen exposure
- Breast density and radiation exposure are also risk factors
- Estrogen exposure, notably from hormone therapy or early menarche, is a significant risk factor
- Caffeine has a protective effect on breast tissue
- Alcohol consumption increases the risk of breast cancer
- Obesity increases estrogen levels, thus increasing risk
- Exercise and breastfeeding lower the risk of breast cancer
Forms of Breast Cancer
- Carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Non-invasive, abnormal cells within milk ducts
- Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): Abnormal cells in the lobules, not considered cancer itself but indicates a higher risk
- Invasive ductal carcinoma: Most common type, invades surrounding tissues.
- Invasive lobular carcinoma: Often doesn't form a distinct lump, making detection challenging
- Medullary carcinoma: distinct, less aggressive under a microscope.
- Mucinous (colloid) carcinoma: Cancer cells are embedded in a slimy substance called mucin. Slow-growing, with a better prognosis.Â
- Tubular carcinoma: Tube-like appearance under a microscope, tending to have a good prognosis
- Invasive papillary carcinoma: Finger-like shape, typically has a good prognosis
- Metaplastic carcinoma: Rare and less common, with a worse prognosis
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Description
Explore the critical information regarding carcinoma of the breast, the most common non-skin malignancy in women. This quiz covers risk factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and hormonal influences, as well as the various forms of breast cancer. Understand how these factors impact incidence and prevention strategies.
