Branches of Science

Study Notes

Branches of Science

Natural Sciences:
- Study of natural world and its phenomena
- Includes: biology, chemistry, physics, earth sciences, astronomy
Formal Sciences:
- Study of formal systems and languages
- Includes: mathematics, logic, computer science
Social Sciences:
- Study of human behavior and social structures
- Includes: psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science
Applied Sciences:
- Practical application of scientific knowledge
- Includes: engineering, medicine, agriculture, technology

Scientific Method

Observation: Identify a problem or phenomenon
Hypothesis: Formulate a possible explanation
Prediction: Make predictions based on the hypothesis
Experimentation: Test the hypothesis through experimentation
Analysis: Analyze the data collected during experimentation
Conclusion: Draw conclusions based on the analysis

Key Scientific Concepts

Theory: A well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena
Law: A statement that describes a consistent pattern or relationship
Hypothesis: A proposed explanation for a phenomenon
Variable: A factor that can be changed or manipulated in an experiment
Control: A standard against which other results are compared

Famous Scientists

Isaac Newton: Developed laws of motion and universal gravitation
Albert Einstein: Developed theory of relativity and famous equation E=mc²
Charles Darwin: Developed theory of evolution through natural selection
Marie Curie: Discovered elements polonium and radium, pioneered radioactivity research
Galileo Galilei: Made significant contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy

Branches of Science

Natural Sciences study the natural world and its phenomena, including biology, chemistry, physics, earth sciences, and astronomy.
Formal Sciences examine formal systems and languages, encompassing mathematics, logic, and computer science.
Social Sciences focus on human behavior and social structures, comprising psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, and political science.
Applied Sciences involve the practical application of scientific knowledge, including engineering, medicine, agriculture, and technology.

Scientific Method

Scientific inquiry begins with Observation, where a problem or phenomenon is identified.
A Hypothesis is then formulated as a possible explanation.
Predictions are made based on the hypothesis.
Experimentation involves testing the hypothesis through experimentation.
Analysis of data collected during experimentation is crucial.
Conclusion involves drawing conclusions based on the analysis.

Key Scientific Concepts

Theories and Laws

A Theory is a well-substantiated explanation for a set of phenomena.
A Law is a statement that describes a consistent pattern or relationship.

Hypotheses and Variables

A Hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
A Variable is a factor that can be changed or manipulated in an experiment.

Experimental Control

A Control is a standard against which other results are compared.

Famous Scientists

Isaac Newton developed laws of motion and universal gravitation.
Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity and the famous equation E=mc².
Charles Darwin developed the theory of evolution through natural selection.
Marie Curie discovered elements polonium and radium, pioneering radioactivity research.
Galileo Galilei made significant contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy.

Description

This quiz covers the different branches of science, including natural sciences, formal sciences, social sciences, and applied sciences. It includes topics such as biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, computer science, psychology, sociology, and more.