Branches of Chemistry

Study Notes

Branches of Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry: Study of inorganic compounds, such as minerals and metals, and their properties.
Organic Chemistry: Study of organic compounds, such as carbon-based compounds, and their properties.
Physical Chemistry: Study of the physical properties and behavior of matter at the molecular and atomic level.
Analytical Chemistry: Study of the analysis and identification of the chemical composition of substances.
Biochemistry: Study of the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms.

Atomic Structure

Protons: Positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutrons: Particles with no charge in the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons: Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number: Number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element.
Mass Number: Sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Chemical Bonding

Ionic Bond: Bond formed between two atoms that have a large difference in electronegativity, resulting in the transfer of electrons.
Covalent Bond: Bond formed between two atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons.
Polar Covalent Bond: Bond formed between two atoms that have a difference in electronegativity, resulting in a partial transfer of electrons.

Chemical Reactions

Chemical Equation: Representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.
Reactants: Substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction.
Products: Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
Activation Energy: Minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
Catalyst: Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.

Stoichiometry

Mole: Unit of measurement for the amount of a substance, defined as 6.022 x 10^23 particles.
Molar Mass: Mass of one mole of a substance.
Empirical Formula: Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.
Molecular Formula: Actual number of atoms in a compound.

Branches of Chemistry

Inorganic chemistry is the study of inorganic compounds, including minerals and metals, and their properties.
Organic chemistry is the study of organic compounds, including carbon-based compounds, and their properties.
Physical chemistry is the study of the physical properties and behavior of matter at the molecular and atomic level.
Analytical chemistry is the study of the analysis and identification of the chemical composition of substances.
Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms.

Atomic Structure

Protons are positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutrons are particles with no charge in the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element.
The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Chemical Bonding

An ionic bond is a bond formed between two atoms that have a large difference in electronegativity, resulting in the transfer of electrons.
A covalent bond is a bond formed between two atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons.
A polar covalent bond is a bond formed between two atoms that have a difference in electronegativity, resulting in a partial transfer of electrons.

Chemical Reactions

A chemical equation is a representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.
Reactants are substances that undergo a chemical change in a reaction.
Products are substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
The activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed.

Stoichiometry

A mole is a unit of measurement for the amount of a substance, defined as 6.022 x 10^23 particles.
The molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance.
The empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.
The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms in a compound.

Description

Discover the different branches of chemistry, including inorganic, organic, physical, analytical, and biochemistry. Learn about the properties and behaviors of matter at the molecular and atomic level.