Branches of Biology Quiz

Definition of Science

• Science derives from the Latin term scientia, meaning "knowledge."
• It is a systematic approach to building and organizing knowledge through testable explanations and predictions.

Understanding Biology

• Biology combines Greek words bios (life) and logos (study).
• It focuses on the study of living organisms and their life processes, including growth, structure, and classification.
• The term "life science" often replaces biology due to its broad and multidisciplinary nature.
• Coined by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck; Aristotle is recognized as the “Father of Biology.”

Characteristics of Life

• Life is defined by a set of distinguishing characteristics such as reproduction, growth, homeostasis, movement, nutrition, and respiration.

Branches of Biology

• Botany: Study of plants and plant-like organisms; known as the science of plants. Theophrastus (371–286 B.C.E.) is the "Father of Botany."
• Microbiology: Focuses on living organisms too small to see with the naked eye.
• Ecology: Studies the interactions between organisms and their environment.
• Embryology: Examines developmental stages after fertilization.

Specialized Areas of Study

• Carcinology: Study of crabs and crustaceans.
• Cytogenetics: Investigates genetic inheritance at the cytological level.
• Entomology: Study of insects; includes assessing their role in ecosystems.
• Nephrology: Focuses on kidney diseases.
• Oncology: Researches and treats cancer.

Medical Branches Related to Biology

• Gynecology: Concerns women's health, especially non-pregnant women; overlaps with obstetrics.
• Ophthalmology: Deals with eye health and diseases.
• Pediatrics: Focuses on medical care for infants, children, and adolescents up to age 18.
• Dermatology: Specializes in skin, hair, and nail diseases.

Additional Key Disciplines

• Pharmacology: Studies the synthesis and effects of medicines.
• Toxicology: Investigates the effects of narcotics on organisms.
• Virology: Focuses on the study of viruses and their effects on living organisms.
• Taxonomy: Involves classification of organisms based on various criteria.

Unique Studies

• Psychobiology: Examines behavioral aspects of animals.
• Splanchnology: The study of visceral organs.
• Paleozoology: Studies fossilized animals and their historical distribution.

Summary of Importance

• Biology encompasses a vast array of sciences that cover living organisms and their environments, impacting various fields from medicine to ecology. Understanding these branches is crucial for advancements in biological sciences and their application in real-world scenarios.