Branches of Biology

Branches of Biology

• Botany: study of plants
• Zoology: study of animals
• Microbiology: study of microorganisms
• Ecology: study of interactions between organisms and their environment
• Biochemistry: study of chemical processes within living organisms
• Molecular Biology: study of biological molecules and their interactions
• Cell Biology: study of cell structure, function, and behavior
• Genetics: study of heredity and variation
• Evolutionary Biology: study of the processes that have shaped the diversity of life on Earth

Basic Concepts

• Cells: basic units of life, consisting of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material
• Organisms: living things, ranging from single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms
• Tissues: groups of similar cells that perform specific functions
• Organs: structures composed of two or more types of tissues that work together to perform specific functions
• Organ Systems: groups of organs that work together to maintain homeostasis and perform specific functions

Biological Molecules

• Carbohydrates: energy-rich molecules, such as sugars and starches
• Proteins: molecules composed of amino acids, performing a wide range of functions
• Lipids: molecules composed of fatty acids and glycerol, serving as energy storage and structural components
• Nucleic Acids: molecules containing genetic information, including DNA and RNA

Biological Processes

• Photosynthesis: process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
• Respiration: process by which cells generate energy from glucose
• Metabolism: process by which cells convert energy and nutrients into the components of life
• Homeostasis: ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment

Branches of Biology

• Botany is the study of plants
• Zoology is the study of animals
• Microbiology is the study of microorganisms
• Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment
• Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes within living organisms
• Molecular Biology is the study of biological molecules and their interactions
• Cell Biology is the study of cell structure, function, and behavior
• Genetics is the study of heredity and variation
• Evolutionary Biology is the study of the processes that have shaped the diversity of life on Earth

Basic Concepts

• Cells are the basic units of life, consisting of a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material
• Organisms are living things, ranging from single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms
• Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform specific functions
• Organs are structures composed of two or more types of tissues that work together to perform specific functions
• Organ Systems are groups of organs that work together to maintain homeostasis and perform specific functions

Biological Molecules

• Carbohydrates are energy-rich molecules, such as sugars and starches
• Proteins are molecules composed of amino acids, performing a wide range of functions
• Lipids are molecules composed of fatty acids and glycerol, serving as energy storage and structural components
• Nucleic Acids are molecules containing genetic information, including DNA and RNA

Biological Processes

• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
• Respiration is the process by which cells generate energy from glucose
• Metabolism is the process by which cells convert energy and nutrients into the components of life
• Homeostasis is the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment