Brain Parts and Functions

<p>To help break down proteins and kill microbes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By increasing surface area for nutrient absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is mixed with bile and pancreatic juices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorption of water and electrolytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It releases glucose from glycogen when energy is needed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It synthesizes and metabolizes cholesterol in the blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It synthesizes necessary proteins for blood coagulation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can damage liver cells and lead to diseases like cirrhosis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detoxifying and processing medications and alcohol. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenaline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albumin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling and coordinating body movements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prefrontal cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It manages emotional responses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling body temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuroplasticity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body movement coordination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothalamus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By removing carbon dioxide from the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aids in the regulation of airflow during breathing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By trapping and clearing microbes with mucus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through consistent contraction and relaxation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased oxygen supply. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It generates electrical impulses to regulate heart rhythm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It filters blood and removes toxins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By circulating oxygenated blood through the arteries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Together, they maintain the circulatory and respiratory functions of the body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By increasing blood and oxygen supply to muscles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digesting and absorbing fats and fat-soluble vitamins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pumping blood to supply oxygen and nutrients. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It converts harmful substances into safer forms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of taking in oxygen from the air and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product. This occurs in the lungs through specialized structures called alveoli.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. They are like tiny balloons that increase the surface area for gas exchange.

A waste product produced by the body during energy production. It is removed from the body through the lungs during exhalation.

The process of maintaining the body's pH balance by removing carbon dioxide. It helps prevent the blood from becoming too acidic.

The heart is a muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and tissues, and removing waste products.

The heart pumps oxygenated blood through arteries to the body and deoxygenated blood through veins back to the lungs for re-oxygenation.

The transportation of oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body ensures organs and tissues have enough oxygen to function optimally.

By circulating blood, the heart supplies essential nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and fats to all cells, enabling them to carry out vital functions.

The brain is the control center for movement, receiving signals from the spinal cord and sending instructions to muscles.

The brain processes sensory information from different senses like sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell, creating a representation of the world around us.

The brain stores and retrieves information, memories, and experiences. It has short-term and long-term memory capabilities.

The brain is involved in thinking, analyzing, and making decisions. The prefrontal cortex is crucial for complex thinking and planning.

The brain helps us process and manage our emotions. The amygdala is important for emotional responses.

The brain controls vital involuntary functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. This is managed by the brainstem and spinal cord.

The brain has the ability to learn and adapt from experiences through a process called neuroplasticity, creating new connections between neurons to improve function.

The brain regulates the sleep-wake cycle through hormones and nerve signals, determining our circadian rhythm.

The heart helps remove carbon dioxide and other waste products from the blood by circulating it to the lungs where they are expelled during respiration.

The heart plays a role in regulating blood pressure by contracting and relaxing, ensuring a consistent flow of blood through the arteries.

The heart has a natural rhythm controlled by electrical impulses generated within the sinoatrial node (SA) located in the upper part of the heart, ensuring a regular and efficient blood circulation.

The heart provides a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to all the muscles, including the heart muscle itself (myocardium), which needs these essential components to function properly.

During physical activity, the heart increases the delivery of blood and oxygen to muscles and other organs to meet the increased energy demands.

The liver plays a crucial role in filtering blood, removing toxins, chemical byproducts, and metabolic waste to keep the body healthy.

The liver produces bile, a yellow-green fluid that aids in breaking down fats and absorbing fat-soluble vitamins, like A, D, E, and K.

The liver stores glucose as glycogen and converts it back to glucose when the body needs energy.

The liver processes fats and proteins, creating lipoproteins that transport fats throughout the body and synthesizing various proteins necessary for the body's functions.

The liver helps regulate cholesterol levels by producing and metabolizing it. Cholesterol is crucial for cell building and hormone production, but high levels can lead to health issues.

The liver stores vital vitamins and minerals like vitamin A, vitamin D, and iron, releasing them when needed.

The liver produces proteins crucial for blood clotting, preventing bleeding after injuries.

The liver metabolizes drugs and alcohol, breaking them down for easier elimination from the body. Overconsumption of alcohol can damage the liver.

The liver helps metabolize and clear certain hormones, including estrogen and insulin, maintaining hormonal balance in the body.

The liver performs various essential functions for maintaining the body's health, including blood filtration, metabolism regulation, and storage of vital substances. It is a vital organ for overall health.

The stomach is a muscular organ that plays a crucial role in the digestive process. It mechanically and chemically breaks down food, mixes it with gastric fluids containing acids and enzymes, and stores it temporarily for gradual digestion.

Gastric juices in the stomach contain hydrochloric acid (HCl) and enzymes like pepsin. HCl aids in protein breakdown and kills harmful bacteria, while pepsin further breaks down proteins into smaller molecules.

The stomach acts as a temporary storage compartment for food, allowing the body to gradually digest it before releasing it into the small intestine.

While most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, some substances like alcohol and certain medications can be absorbed directly by the stomach lining.

The stomach's muscular walls churn and mix food, helping to break it down mechanically. It controls the passage of food into the next section of the digestive tract.

The small intestine is responsible for absorbing most of the essential nutrients from food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. It has a large surface area due to microscopic structures called villi, which increase absorption efficiency.

The small intestine further breaks down food through chemical and mechanical processes, aided by enzymes from the liver, pancreas, and the intestine itself. These enzymes help digest and absorb nutrients.

The first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum, plays a role in initial food breakdown and nutrient absorption. The small intestine is also crucial for absorbing water and electrolytes, maintaining the body's water balance.