Bacteriology: Anaerobes - Botulism

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Questions and Answers

How is botulism primarily acquired?

  • By inhalation of airborne spores
  • By ingestion of pre-formed neurotoxins in contaminated food (correct)
  • By direct contact with infected individuals
  • Through mosquito bites

What type of paralysis does botulism cause?

  • Spastic paralysis
  • Partial paralysis followed by muscle rigidity
  • Flaccid paralysis (correct)
  • Sudden, uncontrolled muscle contractions

Where can Clostridium botulinum be commonly found?

  • Rotting carcasses, decaying vegetation, contaminated canned foods, meat, and fish (correct)
  • The respiratory tract of animals
  • Clean, sterilized environments
  • Freshwater lakes only

How does the botulinum toxin cause paralysis?

<p>By preventing the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is botulinum toxin particularly dangerous?

<p>It binds irreversibly, preventing muscle contraction and leading to respiratory failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of foodborne botulism?

<p>Ingestion of toxins formed in contaminated foods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of botulism is associated with contaminated honey in infants?

<p>Infant botulism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wound botulism is most commonly associated with which activity?

<p>Using contaminated needles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inhalation botulism is rare but has been considered a potential risk for:

<p>Bioterrorism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long after ingestion of the botulinum toxin do clinical signs typically appear?

<p>3–17 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of botulism?

<p>Spastic muscle contractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can botulism be diagnosed?

<p>By detecting the toxin in serum, food, or stomach contents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key treatment for botulism?

<p>Administration of antitoxin, hydration, and correcting electrolyte disturbances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which regions is toxoid vaccination for cattle used to control botulism?

<p>South Africa and Australia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which animals are routinely vaccinated against botulism?

<p>Farmed mink and foxes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key strategy to prevent botulism in domestic animals?

<p>Suspect foodstuffs should not be fed to domestic animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for controlling botulism?

<p>Storing food in warm, moist environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Primary Botulism Acquisition

Ingestion of pre-formed neurotoxins found in contaminated food.

Type of Paralysis

Botulism causes flaccid paralysis, weakening muscles.

Sources of Clostridium botulinum

Rotting carcasses, decaying vegetation, and improperly preserved foods.

Botulinum Toxin Mechanism

The toxin prevents acetylcholine release, stopping muscle contraction.

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Danger of Botulinum Toxin

It binds irreversibly, causing paralysis and potential respiratory failure.

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Foodborne Botulism Cause

Associated with toxins formed in contaminated foods.

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Infant Botulism Source

Infant botulism links to contaminated honey.

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Wound Botulism Association

Using contaminated needles.

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Inhalation Botulism Risk

Bioterrorism.

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Botulism Onset

Clinical signs typically appear 3–17 days after ingestion.

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Diagnosing Botulism

Detecting the toxin in serum, food, or stomach contents.

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Key Botulism Treatment

Administration of antitoxin, hydration, and correcting electrolyte disturbances.

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Regions Using Toxoid Vaccination

South Africa and Australia.

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Animals Routinely Vaccinated

Farmed mink and foxes.

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Preventing Botulism

Suspect foodstuffs should not be fed to domestic animals.

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