Botany: The Science of Plant Life

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Questions and Answers

What is the Ancient Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) derived from?

  • Mountains
  • Pasture (correct)
  • Desert
  • Trees

What groups of organisms are traditionally included in the study of botany?

  • Reptiles and amphibians
  • Mammals and fish
  • Insects and birds
  • Fungi and algae (correct)

Approximately how many species of vascular plants do botanists study?

  • 500,000 species
  • 200,000 species
  • 100,000 species
  • 391,000 species (correct)

What was one of the first endeavors of human investigation related to botany?

<p>Identifying edible plants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where were the forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities often located?

<p>Monasteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the binomial system of nomenclature?

<p>A system for naming biological species using two terms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient figure is widely regarded as the 'Father of Botany'?

<p>Theophrastus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is molecular genetics primarily concerned with in plant science?

<p>Investigating the mechanisms and control of gene expression in plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the early recorded history of botany mainly focused on?

<p>Classifying plants based on their medicinal properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the contribution of Carl Linnaeus to botany?

<p>Introduction of the binomial system of nomenclature for naming biological species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of genetic testing in a medical setting?

<p>To diagnose or rule out suspected genetic disorders and predict risks for specific conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to humans, for what other purposes can genetic testing be used in plants and animals?

<p>To gain information for selective breeding and boost genetic diversity in endangered populations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did early forms of genetic testing in the 1950s involve?

<p>Counting the number of chromosomes per cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can genetic testing in a medical setting be used to customize based on an individual's genetic makeup?

<p>Medical treatments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from measuring the results of genetic changes through RNA analysis, what else can genetic testing include?

<p>Biochemical analysis to measure specific protein output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic testing method is performed on a sample of venous blood from the mother to provide information about the fetus early in pregnancy?

<p>Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widespread use of genetic testing?

<p>Newborn screening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic disorder that causes mental illness if left untreated and is tested in all states as part of newborn screening?

<p>Phenylketonuria (PKU) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic testing method is used just after birth to identify genetic disorders that can be treated early in life?

<p>Newborn screening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of genetic testing analyzes whole chromosomes and can diagnose genetic disorders that involve large structural rearrangements?

<p>Cytogenetics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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