Questions and Answers
What type of cells are formed when the archesporial cell divides?
What is the primary function of the tapetum in the anther?
Which layer of the anther wall may disintegrate in the mature anther?
How many pollen sacs does a tetrasporongiate anther possess?
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In a tetrasporongiate anther, how many layers does the mature anther wall consist of?
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What characteristic of the endothecium helps in the dehiscence of the anther?
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What type of tissue primarily makes up the immature stage of anther?
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Study Notes
Anatomy of Anther
- Anther is generally dithecous, meaning it has two lobes and is tetrasporongiate, indicating the presence of four pollen sacs.
- Each lobe of the anther contains two pollen sacs, contributing to its tetrasporongiate structure.
- The immature anther stage consists of a group of parenchymatous tissue encapsulated by a single-layered epidermis.
Differentiation and Development
- Differentiation in the anther occurs when certain hypodermal cells evolve into archesporial cells.
- The transverse section (T.S.) of the anther showcases the division of the archesporial cell into an inner sporogenous cell and an outer primary parietal cell.
Histological Layers
- Sporogenous cells develop into sporogenous tissue, where each individual cell can give rise to a microspore tetrad.
- The parietal cell divides to form several layers of the anther wall, resulting in a total of four distinct layers.
Mature Anther Structure
- The outermost layer, the epidermis, serves as a protective barrier made of flattened cells.
- Beneath the epidermis is the endothecium, which consists of radially elongated cells characterized by fibrous thickenings.
- The middle layer is composed of thin-walled cells, typically one to two layers thick, which may disintegrate as the anther matures.
- The tapetum lies as the innermost layer of the anther wall, providing nourishment and directly surrounding the sporogenous tissue or microspore mother cells.
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Description
This quiz explores the structure and function of anthers in flowering plants. It covers the concepts of dithecous anthers, pollen sac formation, and the developmental stages of anther tissues. Test your knowledge on the classification and differentiation of anther cells.
