Border Security Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of national borders?

To promote global unity

To restrict freedom of movement

To separate geographical and political entities (correct)

To facilitate unregulated trade

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of borders?

They can only be natural. (correct)

They can be either real or artificial.

They are limitations on spheres of influence.

They mark political boundaries.

How does the CBSA primarily serve the interests of Canada?

By creating laws independently of international agreements.

By facilitating trade while enforcing safety regulations. (correct)

By limiting trade with other nations.

By promoting unrestricted immigration policies.

Which of the following describes the concept of sovereignty?

Authority over all persons and things within a territory. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'territorial integrity' encompass?

A state’s ability to control its internal affairs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal source of computer crime within organizations?

Disgruntled organization insiders Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT a common way that malware can be delivered?

Physical USB drive insertion Signup and view all the answers

What term describes malicious software that covertly collects data to send to unauthorized parties?

Spyware Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of cyber threat characterized by sustained and targeted actions against a specific entity?

Advanced persistent threat (APT) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common vulnerability associated with information communication technology (ICT)?

Ease of information storage Signup and view all the answers

What type of software is specifically intended for the detection and prevention of intrusion attempts?

Firewalls Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a group of computers infected with malware that can be remotely manipulated?

Bot-network Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the increased risk of cyber threats?

Anonymity available online Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by maritime security?

Defense against deliberate unlawful acts. Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is specifically responsible for ensuring the safety of mariners in Canadian waters?

Canadian Coast Guard. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term maritime safety primarily refer to?

Protection from substandard ships and accidents. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a maritime threat?

Port congestion. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of data breaches is driven by financial motives according to the provided content?

75% Signup and view all the answers

Which region was identified as a piracy hotspot?

South China Sea. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of maritime terrorism as described in the content?

Requires specialized marine skills. Signup and view all the answers

What type of operations does maritime cargo consist of?

Intermodal transfers and maritime transportation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ports is known for its container-handling capabilities?

Toronto. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the Canadian Coast Guard in relation to maritime trade?

Support Canada's economic growth through safe and efficient trade. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key vulnerabilities identified in maritime security?

Cyber systems reliant on GPS. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a component of organized crime in maritime activities?

Human trafficking. Signup and view all the answers

What primary factor limits the frequency of maritime terrorism?

Few terrorist cells have the necessary skills. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of maritime threat involves the act of boarding a ship with intent to commit theft?

Piracy. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a border risk?

Traffic on local roads Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Canada's roads are paved?

40% Signup and view all the answers

Which provinces account for over 75% of total road length in Canada?

Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Alberta Signup and view all the answers

In what year were roughly 51,000 publicly owned bridges in Canada recorded?

2018 Signup and view all the answers

What type of infrastructure hazard is considered a technological risk?

Aging infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major freight railway operating in Canada?

Canadian National Railway Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mission of Via Rail?

To organize intercity passenger train services Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT a main part of rail systems?

Roads Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a common measure for cybersecurity in transportation?

CCTV monitoring Signup and view all the answers

Which group is considered a high-risk factor in border management?

High-risk individuals Signup and view all the answers

What proportion of local road and rural highway bridges are over 50 years old?

25% Signup and view all the answers

Which risk is NOT included in the vulnerabilities of the rail system?

Economic Signup and view all the answers

What is a common protective measure implemented in rail security?

Employee training Signup and view all the answers

In Canada, what is the total approximate length of the national highway system?

38,000 kilometers Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Border Security

Borders are geographical boundaries, separating countries, states, provinces, cities, and towns.
They define spheres of influence (control).
Governments enforce laws within their borders.
Borders can be real or artificial.
Borders are established through treaties, alliances, commerce, and international relations.
Sovereignty encompasses external independence, internal autonomy, and territorial integrity, including the right to govern and enforce laws.
Physical domains for border security include land, air, sea, space, and cyber.
The CBSA (Canada Border Services Agency) supports national security and public safety, facilitates legitimate travel and trade, and enforces regulations.
CBSA risks include illicit drugs, inadmissible goods, delayed goods, high-risk food/plant/animal products, firearms, high-risk individuals, human trafficking, immigration issues, compliance with regulations, and ease of border restrictions post-pandemic.
Border management encompasses airports, rail, marine, and land transport.
It involves cooperation with law enforcement and intelligence partners, utilizes advanced detection tools and technology.

Road Transportation Security

Road transportation is vital for the economy, enabling the transport of goods and people.
Canada's road system is dominant for freight and passenger transport, with a significant paved road network (over 40%).
Key provinces (Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, and Alberta) account for a majority of road length.
Bridges connect locations and are essential for accessibility.
Risks include natural hazards (impacted by climate change), technological hazards (aging infrastructure, accidents), and human-caused hazards.
Cyber risks involve computer control of systems, potentially leading to chaos, accidents, and traffic disruption.
Security strategies focus on risk understanding across jurisdictions, preventive measures, stakeholder involvement, and technology advancements in road resilience and security.

Rail Security

Canada's rail network is a vast and open system over 43,000 route kilometers, exceeding the national highway system by 15%.
Freight includes dangerous goods transportation.
Key rail components are locomotives, cars, stations, rails, switches, and signals.
Major freight rail carriers are CN and CP.
Via Rail provides intercity passenger train service.
Rail security considers natural, technological, human, and cyber risks.
Security involves employee training, screening measures (similar to airports), security technology (CCTV, phones), access control, and design considerations.

Maritime Security

Maritime security involves protecting against deliberate, unlawful actions, and encompasses maritime safety (accidents prevention).
The Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) ensures mariner safety and supports trade efficiently.
Cargo operations involve shippers, customers, warehousing, and intermodal transfers.
Ports handling containers include Vancouver, Prince Rupert, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax, and St. John's.
Maritime threats involve piracy (theft at sea), maritime terrorism, organized crime (smuggling, human trafficking, drug running), and cyber threats.
Security considerations include vessel boarding, inspections, escorting, interdiction, and intelligence sharing.

Air Security

Threats include UAVs, thefts, sovereign threats, and malicious actors (terrorism, hijacking).
Air cargo may pass through many entities, making screening complex.
Threats include smuggling and trafficking of drugs, exotic/protected animals/plants, firearms, and gems.
Air security involves screening, access control, and cockpit/cabin security.

Information, Communications, and Cyber Security

Cyber threats stem from official/state-sponsored actors, profit-oriented criminals, terrorists, commercial competitors, ideologically motivated hackers, journalists, disgruntled employees/vandals, and individuals motivated by curiosity.
75% of data breaches are financially motivated.
Cyber attacks use various methods like direct installation, email attachments, websites, and remote injection.
Malware types include malware, spyware, botnets (or bot-networks), and Trojan horses.
Cyber defense involves monitoring, analysis, automated systems (intrusion detection, prevention), software (anti-virus, anti-spam), and firewalls, along with system audits.
Vulnerabilities include ease of access, speed, anonymity, targeting options, and significant impacts of attacks.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of border security, including the definition and significance of borders, their establishment, and the role of agencies such as the CBSA. It also highlights various risks and challenges faced in maintaining border security, including illicit trafficking and compliance issues. Test your knowledge on this critical topic that influences national sovereignty and public safety.