Book Building and Rights Issues Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the book building process?

  • To collect orders for the proposed issuance of securities. (correct)
  • To create a marketing strategy for new products.
  • To determine the interest rates for corporate bonds.
  • To facilitate mergers and acquisitions.
  • What are the two prices that comprise the price band in book building?

  • Average price and peak price.
  • Initial price and future price.
  • Minimum price and maximum price. (correct)
  • Base price and reserve price.
  • Who primarily participates in the book building process?

  • Only venture capitalists.
  • Government agencies only.
  • Only institutional investors.
  • QIBs, Non-Institutional Investors, and Retail Investors. (correct)
  • What role do Book Runners play in the book building process?

    <p>They assist and manage the book building process for the issuer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant benefit of the book building system for existing companies?

    <p>It offers flexibility in price and demand discovery based on past data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum price at which a Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP) should be made?

    <p>The average of the weekly high and low closing prices for two weeks prior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Institutional Placement Programme (IPP)?

    <p>It is limited to qualified institutional buyers only. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a rights issue?

    <p>To ensure equitable distribution of shares among existing shareholders. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is offered to existing shareholders during a rights issue?

    <p>Additional shares based on their current ownership. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a bonus issue?

    <p>Shares are issued from the company's free reserves. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'pre-emptive right' in the context of rights issues?

    <p>The right of shareholders to receive additional shares before any new investors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of a rights issue for the company?

    <p>There are no underwriting or brokerage costs involved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the Institutional Placement Programme (IPP)?

    <p>Shares may become concentrated in the hands of a few investors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system did BSE introduce in 1995 for fully computerized trading?

    <p>BOLT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of screen based trading?

    <p>Transactions are executed through a computer terminal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trading method was first introduced in BSE in September 2010?

    <p>Mobile-based trading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In screen based trading, how does a broker execute a transaction?

    <p>By entering order details into a computer system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology is used to connect NSE members' computers to the central computer?

    <p>VSAT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does online trading allow investors to do?

    <p>Buy and sell securities from anywhere using the internet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'offline trading' refer to in this context?

    <p>Screen based trading, where trades are executed electronically. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about trading methods is true?

    <p>Public offers and private placements are done through online systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is primarily responsible for preparing the Draft Red Herring Prospectus?

    <p>The lead manager (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum subscription percentage for a public issue to be considered successful?

    <p>90% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT part of the pre-issue management activities for a merchant banker?

    <p>Mailing allotment letters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a role of the Registrar to the issue during the post-issue management?

    <p>Finalizing the issue price (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen if the minimum subscription is not received in a public issue?

    <p>The public issue must be terminated and application money refunded. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of merchant bankers in pre-issue management?

    <p>Supervision of application forms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of merchant bankers in a public issue?

    <p>Assisting from prospectus preparation to share listing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a key function of underwriters in a public issue?

    <p>Ensuring minimum subscription levels are met (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the price in a Fixed Price Issue?

    <p>Issuer in consultation with the lead merchant banker (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Red Herring Prospectus primarily lack?

    <p>Number of shares being offered and price (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Abridged Prospectus?

    <p>A summary of the prospectus with key features (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Statement-in-lieu of Prospectus?

    <p>It replaces the prospectus for companies not issuing one (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the final price determined in a Book Built Issue?

    <p>Based on the demand for the issue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of a Prospectus?

    <p>It includes details of the company’s board members (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is a Letter of Offer used?

    <p>Rights issue of shares (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically included in the final prospectus of a Book Built Issue?

    <p>Final issue price and issue size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stock exchange is recognized as the largest in India?

    <p>National Stock Exchange (NSE) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the National Stock Exchange (NSE) incorporated?

    <p>1992 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the lead promoter of the National Stock Exchange (NSE)?

    <p>IDBI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology does NSE utilize to ensure transparent operations?

    <p>Automated screen based trading (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What segment of NSE provides trading for debt instruments?

    <p>Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum net worth required to obtain recognition as an NSE member?

    <p>₹ 2 crores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was introduced by NSE in 2000?

    <p>Internet trading and derivatives trading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major function do the Board of directors and the executive committee serve at NSE?

    <p>Board makes key-policy decisions while the executive committee takes operational decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Fixed Price Issue

    A method of issuing shares where the company sets a fixed price for the shares in the offer document.

    Book Built Issue

    A method of issuing shares where the company sets a price range (band) and the final price is determined by market demand.

    Prospectus

    The offer document used in a public issue. It contains crucial details about the company.

    Red Herring Prospectus (RHP)

    A type of prospectus that doesn't show the issue price but discloses the price band.

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    Offer Document

    A document describing the offering, including the essential details for a public share issue or rights issue. For rights issue it's Letter of Offer; for public issue it's Prospectus.

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    Price Band

    A range of prices (minimum and maximum) for a book-built issue.

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    Statement-in-lieu of Prospectus

    A document used by companies with existing share capital that haven't issued a prospectus.

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    Abridged Prospectus

    A shortened version of a prospectus, outlining the key features.

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    Institutional Placement Programme (IPP)

    A method where listed companies offer new shares only to qualified institutional investors. It's used for companies not meeting SEBI's public shareholding requirements.

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    Rights Issue

    Existing shareholders receive new shares, maintaining proportional voting rights and ownership.

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    Pre-emptive Right

    The right of existing shareholders to get a proportion of new shares before they are offered to outsiders.

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    Record Date

    The date used by a company to determine who its shareholders are for a rights issue.

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    Bonus Issue

    Existing shareholders receive additional shares from company reserves without paying, increasing equity capital.

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    Qualified Institutional Buyer (QIB)

    A large, institutional investor allowed to participate in specific share offerings.

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    Issue Price

    The price at which a new share is offered, potentially different for rights issues.

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    Letter of Offer

    A document given with rights issues, outlining details and conditions.

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    Book Building

    A process where investors submit bids for securities based on a price range set by the issuer. The final price is determined by demand.

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    Who sets the price band?

    The issuer of the securities sets the price band, which is a range of prices within which investors can place bids.

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    Book Runners

    Lead merchant bankers appointed by the issuer to manage the book building process.

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    Syndicate Members

    Intermediaries appointed by the Book Runners to collect bids from investors and act as underwriters.

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    Bombay Exchange (BSE)

    The Bombay Stock Exchange is one of India's oldest and most prominent stock exchanges. It was established in 1875 and is headquartered in Mumbai, previously known as Bombay.

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    NSE (National Stock Exchange of India)

    The National Stock Exchange of India is a major stock exchange, known for its modern, fully automated trading system. It was established in 1992 and is headquartered in Mumbai.

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    What are the two main stock exchanges in India?

    The two main stock exchanges in India are the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).

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    What is the purpose of the NSE?

    The NSE aims to provide a nationwide platform for investors to buy and sell securities, ensuring transparency and efficiency through its automated trading system.

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    What is the WDM segment?

    The Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) segment of the NSE facilitates the trading of various debt instruments like government securities, bonds, and commercial papers.

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    What is the Capital Market segment?

    The Capital Market segment of the NSE provides a platform for trading equities or shares, allowing investors to buy and sell ownership in companies.

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    What are the requirements to be a recognized member of the NSE?

    To be recognized as a member of the NSE, individuals or institutions must possess at least two years of experience in banking or finance, have a minimum net worth of ₹2 crore, and primarily engage in securities business.

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    Lead Manager Responsibilities

    The lead manager is responsible for preparing the Draft Red Herring Prospectus (RHP) and ensuring its accuracy. They are also accountable for any irregularities found in the RHP.

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    Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)

    The company must sign a formal agreement with the issue managers, outlining the terms of the public offering. This agreement must follow SEBI's prescribed format.

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    Pre-Issue Management Activities

    These activities involve tasks such as coordinating with government bodies, ensuring compliance with regulations, appointing intermediaries, finalizing the issue details, and setting the price band.

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    Post-Issue Management Activities

    Once the shares are issued, the focus shifts to managing the process, including collecting applications, handling allotments, and ensuring the shares are listed on the stock exchange.

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    Registrar to the Issue

    This role is crucial in post-issue management, overseeing processes like application collection, allotment procedures, and ensuring compliance with regulations.

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    Underwriter Role

    Underwriters ensure that the public offering reaches the minimum subscription target. If the target isn't met, they may need to buy the unsold shares.

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    Minimum Subscription Requirement

    A public offering is considered successful only when it reaches at least 90% of the targeted subscription amount.

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    Under-Subscription

    This occurs when the public offering fails to reach the minimum subscription level required by SEBI. The company must then terminate the offer and refund the application money.

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    Screen Based Trading

    A system where brokers use computers to buy and sell securities electronically, replacing the old open outcry method.

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    BOLT

    The BSE's computerized trading system, where brokers input orders from their offices.

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    NEAT

    The NSE's computerized trading system, similar to BOLT.

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    VSATs

    Satellite communication links used to connect NSE members' computers to the central system.

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    Offline Trading

    Another name for Screen Based Trading, as trades are done through computers even when the exchange is closed.

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    Online Trading

    Trading securities through the internet, allowing investors to transact from home or office.

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    What replaced the open outcry system?

    The open outcry system was replaced by screen-based trading, where brokers use computers to buy and sell securities electronically instead of shouting orders on the trading floor.

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    What are the benefits of online trading?

    Online trading makes buying and selling securities more convenient, accessible, and faster, as investors can do it from their homes or offices.

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    Study Notes

    Primary Market & Secondary Market

    • The primary market is where companies issue shares for the first time, allowing the public to subscribe.
    • It's not a physical location but encompasses all places where initial subscriptions occur.
    • This market facilitates the transfer of resources from investors (savers) to companies (users) through three main functions: origination, underwriting, and distribution.

    Functions of New Issue Market

    • Origination: This involves investigating and processing proposed projects, advising the company on issuing securities, determining issuing methods, and pricing shares. Merchant bankers typically handle this role.
    • Underwriting: Underwriters agree to buy unsold shares, ensuring the financing of the project even if public subscription is not complete. They guarantee the marketing of the shares.
    • Distribution: Marketing and selling the shares to investors via public issues, placements, rights offerings, or bonus issues. This is handled by merchant banks, brokers, agents, and intermediaries.

    Methods of Floating New Issues

    • Public Issue: Includes Initial Public Offering (IPO) and Further Public Offering (FPO), where securities are offered for sale to the public.
      • IPO: First-time public offering of securities.
      • FPO: Subsequent public offer of securities.
    • Private Placement: Issue of securities to a select group of investors (no exceeding 50).
      • Preferential Issue: Offering securities to a select group.
      • Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP): Issuing securities to qualified institutional buyers (QIBs).
      • Institutional Placement Programme (IPP): Offering through an institutional program.
    • Rights Issue: Offering securities to existing shareholders at a discounted price.
    • Bonus Issue: Issuing additional shares to existing shareholders out of the company's reserves, without additional capital investment.
    • Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP): Offering employees options to purchase company shares.

    Public Issue

    • Initial Public Offer (IPO): This involves the initial sale of shares to the public by an unlisted company.
    • Further Public Offer (FPO): This involves the additional sale of shares to the public. Both offerings can be a "fresh issue" or an "offer for sale."

    Forms of Offer Documents

    • Prospectus: A document containing company details, used for inviting public subscription in a public offering.
    • Abridged Prospectus: Contains key prospectus details, often accompanying application forms.
    • Red Herring Prospectus (RHP): A prospectus without complete details (price, amount), but containing issue size and the price range. Useful for book building issues.
    • Statement in Lieu of Prospectus: When a company with share capital doesn't issue a prospectus, they submit a statement-in-lieu.
    • Letter of Offer: An offer document used for a rights issue, including details.
    • Prospectus: A detailed document explaining company details and offering terms, often used in public offerings (IPO or FPO).
    • Shelf Prospectus: Used for a series of issues within a year, which avoids filing a new prospectus every time.

    Secondary Market

    • A marketplace for trading existing securities (stocks, bonds, etc.).
    • Main functions include liquidity provision, price discovery, and monitoring of company management.
    • Includes stock exchanges, depositories, and market participants such as brokers.

    Forms of Securities

    • Non-voting shares: Have no voting rights but are often issued with higher dividend payouts.
    • Shares with differential voting rights (DVRs): Shareholders have different voting rights for different types of shares in a company.
    • Floating Rate Bonds: Bonds with interest rates tied to market rates, often for infrastructure or corporate use.

    Other Important Players/Participants

    • Merchant Bankers: Act as managers in executing the issue process. This commonly applies in large public offerings.
    • Underwriters: Guarantee the sale of shares, protecting the issuer from risk if the public does not subscribe enough.
    • Brokers: Help in marketing and making contact with prospective investors.
    • Registrars: Responsible for managing subscription, allotment, and certificate issuance.
    • Bankers to the Issue: Handle receipt of application forms and payment for investments.
    • Depositories: Store securities in electronic (dematerialized) form, simplifying transfer of ownership.
    • Syndicate Members: Help in the underwritings process.

    Other Types

    • Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs): Options enabling employees to purchase company shares.
    • Secured Premium Notes (SPNs): A secured debenture with a detachable warrant.
    • Depository Receipts (ADRs/GDRs): Certificates representing shares of foreign companies; often traded on local exchanges.
    • Yankee Bonds: Dollar-denominated bonds issued by non-US corporations in the U.S. market.
    • Hybrid Instruments: Financial instruments with both equity and debt features.
    • Infrastructure Bonds: Debt instruments issued to fund infrastructure projects.
    • Derivative Instruments: Financial instruments whose value depends on another underlying asset (ex. commodities, currency, bonds, etc.).

    Trading Mechanisms

    • Book Building: A sophisticated method used to assess market demand for securities; used for IPOs to determine the optimal initial price.
    • Screen-based Trading: Traders can execute orders online from their desktops or mobile devices. This significantly broadens the participation in the market.

    Stock Exchanges

    • Act as a platform for trading listed securities.
    • Ensure efficient management of capital flow.
    • Establish a standardized process for pricing, trade, and settlement.

    Listing Procedures

    • Companies undertaking IPO often have to fulfil strict conditions imposed by the relevant stock exchange.

    Categories of Investors

    • Retail Individual Investors (RIIs): Individuals investing up to a certain amount, determined by stock exchange rules.
    • Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs): Institutions like financial firms and mutual funds that are allowed to invest above-mentioned amounts.
    • Non-Institutional Investors (NIIs): An investor other than a retail or qualified institutional buyer.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the book building process and rights issues. This quiz covers essential concepts, definitions, and the roles of participants involved in these financial practices. Understand the benefits and characteristics of various financing options for companies.

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