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Questions and Answers
What percentage of known organisms in the animal kingdom are invertebrates?
What percentage of known organisms in the animal kingdom are invertebrates?
Sponges have a complex body structure with organs and muscles.
Sponges have a complex body structure with organs and muscles.
False
Name one example of a coelenterate.
Name one example of a coelenterate.
jellyfish
Invertebrates are animals that lack a __________.
Invertebrates are animals that lack a __________.
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What do worms primarily use to breathe?
What do worms primarily use to breathe?
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Coelenterates reproduce only sexually.
Coelenterates reproduce only sexually.
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What is the main characteristic of coelenterates?
What is the main characteristic of coelenterates?
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Match the following groups of invertebrates with their characteristics:
Match the following groups of invertebrates with their characteristics:
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Which of the following statements is true about mollusks?
Which of the following statements is true about mollusks?
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All arthropods have exoskeletons.
All arthropods have exoskeletons.
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Name one example of an echinoderm.
Name one example of an echinoderm.
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Mollusks that live in water, like squids, move by ________.
Mollusks that live in water, like squids, move by ________.
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Match the following groups of animals to their characteristics:
Match the following groups of animals to their characteristics:
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Which subgroup of arthropods does not typically have antennae?
Which subgroup of arthropods does not typically have antennae?
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Echinoderms have a rigid and spiny surface.
Echinoderms have a rigid and spiny surface.
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Arthropods are classified into four subgroups: insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and ________.
Arthropods are classified into four subgroups: insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and ________.
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Study Notes
Invertebrates
- Invertebrates make up 95% of known organisms in the animal kingdom.
- They are multicellular animals without a backbone.
- They are divided into six groups.
Porifera (Sponges)
- Unusual organisms resembling plants.
- Simple body structure, lacking tissues, organs, brain, head, blood, or muscles.
- Vary in color, size, and shape.
- Aquatic (freshwater or saltwater).
- Immobile adults, but mobile larvae.
- Obtain food and oxygen by absorbing water through pores.
- Some produce protective toxins.
Coelenterates (Sea Anemones, Fan Coral)
- Aquatic invertebrates, mostly marine.
- Characterized by a central opening surrounded by tentacles for feeding.
- Simple nervous system.
- Reproduce sexually or asexually.
- Many produce toxins for protection and prey capture.
- Examples include jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones.
Worms
- Invertebrate animals with long, soft bodies.
- Some have segmented bodies.
- Lack limbs, moving by contracting and sliding.
- Live in various environments (water, soil, humid places).
- Breathe through their skin (lack lungs).
- Predators include birds and salamanders.
- Important in agriculture for soil nourishment.
- Reproduce sexually and asexually.
Mollusks (Slugs, Squid)
- Invertebrates with soft bodies.
- Some have hard external shells for protection.
- Some have one shell, others have two-layered shells (e.g., clams).
- Some lack shells (e.g., slugs).
- They live on land and in the sea.
- Some have feet for movement.
- Some have special adaptations for swimming (like squids and octopuses).
Arthropods
- Make up about 75% of known animal species.
- Characterized by an exoskeleton (external shell) for protection.
- Bodies divided into distinct parts (segments).
- Often have jointed legs and appendages.
- Cold-blooded.
- Includes insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods.
Insects (Wasps, Beetles)
- Typically have six legs.
- Two antennae.
- Eyes on each side of the head.
- Some produce toxins (e.g., bees).
Arachnids (Scorpions, Spiders)
- Eight legs.
- Lack antennae.
- Body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen.
- Some are venomous.
Crustaceans (Lobsters, Shrimp)
- Mostly live in water.
- Body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen.
- Strong shell.
- Two antennae on the head.
- Usually have ten legs.
- Some have claws (pincers) for defense and feeding.
- Examples: lobsters, crabs, shrimp
Myriapods (Centipedes, Millipedes)
- Two antennae but numerous legs (many legs).
- Body divided into segments, with each segment having two legs.
- Some are venomous.
Echinoderms (Starfish, Sea Urchins)
- Characterized by spiny skin.
- Star, round, or similar shape.
- Typically live in water.
- Have feet to move, and some have an internal calcareous skeleton.
- Reproduce sexually.
- Often have radial symmetry.
- Around 7000 species exist.
- Do not have hearts or blood.
- Can swim and crawl.
- Not all echinoderms have five arms, like starfish.
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