Bone Tumors: Systematic Approach Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which clinical factor is the most important in differentiating possible bone tumors?

  • Age (correct)
  • Gender
  • Weight
  • Ethnicity
  • In what age group should the differential diagnosis in patients always include metastases and myeloma?

  • Between 20-30 years
  • Under 20 years
  • Above 40 years (correct)
  • Between 30-40 years
  • Which condition is represented by the abbreviation ABC in the provided text?

  • Giant Cell Tumour
  • Eosinophilic Granuloma
  • Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (correct)
  • Chondromyxoid Fibroma
  • Which type of bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism with Brown tumor?

    <p>Fibrous Dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plane are GCT, Osteosarcoma, and Chondromyxoid Fibroma located?

    <p>Transverse Plane Central</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor type is associated with the Longitudinal Plane according to the text?

    <p>Parosteal Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is the most reliable indicator in determining whether an osteolytic lesion is benign or malignant?

    <p>Narrow Zone of Transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Geographic IA' refer to in terms of bone destruction?

    <p>Well-defined lucency without a sclerotic rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an aggressive malignancy in terms of bone destruction according to the text?

    <p>Moth-Eaten appearance with ragged borders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

    <p>Production of a matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates 'Geographic IC' from other patterns of bone destruction?

    <p>'Ill-defined lytic lesion'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Zone of Transition is associated with aggressive behavior?

    <p>Wide Zone with ill-defined borders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of understanding bone tumor abnormalities?

    <p>Identify the predilection of lesions for specific locations and age groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it challenging to detect bone tumors on radiographs?

    <p>Most tumors are not mineralized and thus not visible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which location makes tumor diagnosis more challenging according to the text?

    <p>Axial skeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of trabecular bone needs to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

    <p>Exactly 50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with all bone tumors that affect cortical bone?

    <p>Increased risk of pathologic fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are tumors in the epiphyses and metaphysis easier to detect?

    <p>Because they are mineralized earlier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dominant internal extracellular substance of a lesion?

    <p>Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radiographic assessment, lesions that are clear or mostly clear refer to what type of matrix?

    <p>Clear matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiographic matrix exhibits a 'stippled' appearance?

    <p>Cartilage matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the matrix in enchondroma and chondrosarcoma?

    <p>Ring and Arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The periosteum reacts to an irritation from which of the following?

    <p>Trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered one of the most important factors in radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

    <p>Age of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common malignant BONE tumor in foot and ankle?

    <p>Chondrosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor has the characteristic feature of a 'soap-bubble appearance'?

    <p>Aneurysmal bone cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor may involve brown skin macules and endocrine disorders known as Albright’s syndrome?

    <p>Fibrous dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma)?

    <p>Amputation of extremity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is derived from chondroblasts and may involve a 'chicken-wire matrix' appearance?

    <p>Chondroblastoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor can be associated with extraskeletal histiocytic deposition leading to fatality?

    <p>Eosinophilic Granuloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which age group is fibrous dysplasia most commonly seen?

    <p>&gt;40 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Onion-skin' appearance on radiographs is characteristic of which disease?

    <p>Ewing’s Sarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bubbly radiolucencies', granular calcification areas, and bone enlargement are features of which tumor?

    <p>'Scalloped regions of destruction' in Chondrosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Brown tumors' with hemosiderin deposition without adequate calcification are characteristic of which condition?

    <p>'Subperiosteal bone resorption' in Hyperparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the provided text regarding bone tumor abnormalities?

    <p>Increase understanding of abnormalities without memorization lists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of trabecular bone needs to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

    <p>At least 50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

    <p>Size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can tumor diagnosis be delayed when the tumor is located in flat bones, axial skeleton, and the ribs?

    <p>Location makes detection more challenging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered one of the most important factors in radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

    <p>Tumor calcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone tumors become obvious earlier than medullary tumors on radiographs?

    <p>Cortical and surface tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a well-defined lesion with a sclerotic rim on radiographs?

    <p>Geographic IA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes an aggressive malignancy in terms of bone destruction?

    <p>Moth-Eaten appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What radiographic pattern of bone destruction is associated with a lesion that spreads through the medullary canal?

    <p>Permeative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT among the most important factors (ALTMCS) for determining bone lesion characteristics?

    <p>Production of a matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiographic zone of transition exhibits ill-defined borders and is considered aggressive?

    <p>Wide Zone of Transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a lesion with an 'onion-skin' appearance on radiographs?

    <p>Moth-Eaten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor mentioned in the text for radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

    <p>Periosteal reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radiographic assessment, what characteristic defines lesions with 'Ground Glass' matrix?

    <p>Osteolytic appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior is associated with lesions showing 'Ring and Arc' matrix?

    <p>Benign behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ALTMCS' stand for in the context of radiographic assessment factors?

    <p>Age, Location, Transition zone, Matrix, Cortical appearance, Swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone matrix represents a lesion that has a 'Mostly Clear' appearance?

    <p>'Clear' matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is emphasized as crucial in radiographic assessment to differentiate between benign and malignant osteolytic lesions?

    <p>Degree of calcification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of age in differentiating bone tumors?

    <p>It plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, with patients over 30 needing to consider metastases and myeloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor can be centrally located in the transverse plane?

    <p>Chondromyxoid fibroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature characterizes non-ossifying fibroma in terms of location?

    <p>Eccentric zone appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary differentiating factor between cortical enchondroma and parosteal osteosarcoma?

    <p>Appearance of the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must differential diagnosis in patients over 30 always include metastases and myeloma?

    <p>To rule out common malignancies for that age group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Parosteal Osteochondroma' is associated with which specific location according to the text?

    <p>Longitudinal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of osteoid osteoma on radiographs?

    <p>Large size with surrounding reactive bone sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor has the highest recurrence rate if treated with curettage and bone graft?

    <p>Giant Cell Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinguishing feature between fibrous dysplasia and non-ossifying fibroma?

    <p>Ground glass appearance on radiographs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor originates from chondroblasts and may have amorphous, spotty calcifications?

    <p>Chondroblastoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is associated with having a 'massive in metaphysis' description?

    <p>Osteogenic Sarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone in the body?

    <p>Metastasis/Myeloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is NOT characterized by having a sclerotic margin and lobulated contour?

    <p>Chondromyxoid fibroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bubbly radiolucencies' and granular areas of calcification are features of which tumor type?

    <p>Giant Cell Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Chondrosarcoma from other bone tumors?

    <p>Expansion of bone contours without periosteal new bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor shares similarities with Ewing's Sarcoma in causing 'mottled moth-eaten destruction'?

    <p>Metastasis/Myeloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important clinical factor in differentiating possible bone tumors?

    <p>Age of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism with Brown tumor?

    <p>Fibrous dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary radiographic pattern of bone destruction associated with a lesion that spreads through the medullary canal?

    <p>Permeative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor type is characterized by having a 'massive in metaphysis' description?

    <p>Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radiographic assessment, which matrix type represents a lesion with a 'Mostly Clear' appearance?

    <p>'Ground Glass'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor may involve brown skin macules and endocrine disorders known as Albright’s syndrome?

    <p>Fibrous dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most reliable indicator in determining whether an osteolytic lesion is benign or malignant?

    <p>Zone of Transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pattern of bone destruction is characterized by an ill-defined lytic lesion?

    <p>Geographic IC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Permeative' refer to in radiographic assessment of bone destruction?

    <p>Ill-defined lesion with 'worm-hole' appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor in ALTMCS criteria regarding radiographic assessment of bone lesions?

    <p>Production of a matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of zone of transition exhibits fine point pen/well-defined characteristics?

    <p>Narrow Zone of Transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Geographic IA from Geographic IB in terms of bone destruction pattern?

    <p>'Mostly Clear' with a sclerotic rim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of understanding bone tumor abnormalities according to the text?

    <p>Recognize the radiographic appearances of lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the location of bone tumors in the epiphyses and metaphysis based on the text?

    <p>They are easier to detect on radiographs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might tumor diagnosis be delayed when located in flat bones, axial skeleton, and the ribs?

    <p>Their location makes visualization more challenging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of at least 50% trabecular bone needing to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

    <p>It serves as a general rule with exceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary differentiating factor between cortical enchondroma and parosteal osteosarcoma according to the text?

    <p>'Ring and Arc' matrix appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major reason why bone tumors in the cortical and surface areas are more easily detected on radiographs?

    <p>They are mineralized and become visible earlier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines lesions with a 'stippled' matrix appearance on radiographs?

    <p>Flocculent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radiographic assessment, what factor is NOT considered one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

    <p>Presence of swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor type is characterized by a 'chicken-wire matrix' appearance and is derived from chondroblasts?

    <p>Chondromyxoid Fibroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What radiographic pattern of bone destruction is associated with lesions that spread through the medullary canal?

    <p>Ring and Arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lesions showing a 'soap-bubble appearance' are characteristic of which tumor type?

    <p>Chondromyxoid Fibroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism and Brown tumor?

    <p>Fibrous Dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor originates from cartilage-forming connective tissue and is characterized by chondroid tissue and mucin-like substance?

    <p>Chondrosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which tumor type does the matrix and periosteum exhibit malignant changes, with a 5-year survival rate of 20% after amputation of the extremity?

    <p>Chondrosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by centrally located radiolucent lesions with a later border of sclerosis and endosteal scalloping, resembling osteomyelitis?

    <p>Eosinophilic Granuloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor may transform into osteogenic sarcoma or fibrosarcoma and has a recurrence rate as high as 50% following curettage and bone graft?

    <p>Giant Cell Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone tumor is associated with a 'blow-out' appearance, arteriovenous or vascular anomaly, and often located eccentrically in the metaphysis?

    <p>Aneurysmal Bone Cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is composed of well vascularized stroma with oval tumor cells and multinucleated tumor giant cells, often centered in the epiphysis?

    <p>Giant Cell Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Brown tumors' with hemosiderin deposition are characteristic of which condition known for subperiosteal bone resorption?

    <p>Hyperparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Mosaic glass' appearance on MRI is characteristic of which bone tumor that originates near the epiphyseal plate and expands into the epiphysis?

    <p>'Aneurysmal Bone Cyst'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Onion-skin' periosteal reaction and a soft tissue mass are characteristics of which aggressive bone tumor that often mimics osteomyelitis symptoms?

    <p>'Ewing's Sarcoma'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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