Bone Tumors: Systematic Approach Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which clinical factor is the most important in differentiating possible bone tumors?

  • Age (correct)
  • Gender
  • Weight
  • Ethnicity

In what age group should the differential diagnosis in patients always include metastases and myeloma?

  • Between 20-30 years
  • Under 20 years
  • Above 40 years (correct)
  • Between 30-40 years

Which condition is represented by the abbreviation ABC in the provided text?

  • Giant Cell Tumour
  • Eosinophilic Granuloma
  • Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (correct)
  • Chondromyxoid Fibroma

Which type of bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism with Brown tumor?

<p>Fibrous Dysplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which plane are GCT, Osteosarcoma, and Chondromyxoid Fibroma located?

<p>Transverse Plane Central (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor type is associated with the Longitudinal Plane according to the text?

<p>Parosteal Osteosarcoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is the most reliable indicator in determining whether an osteolytic lesion is benign or malignant?

<p>Narrow Zone of Transition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Geographic IA' refer to in terms of bone destruction?

<p>Well-defined lucency without a sclerotic rim (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an aggressive malignancy in terms of bone destruction according to the text?

<p>Moth-Eaten appearance with ragged borders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

<p>Production of a matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates 'Geographic IC' from other patterns of bone destruction?

<p>'Ill-defined lytic lesion' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Zone of Transition is associated with aggressive behavior?

<p>Wide Zone with ill-defined borders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of understanding bone tumor abnormalities?

<p>Identify the predilection of lesions for specific locations and age groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it challenging to detect bone tumors on radiographs?

<p>Most tumors are not mineralized and thus not visible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which location makes tumor diagnosis more challenging according to the text?

<p>Axial skeleton (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of trabecular bone needs to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

<p>Exactly 50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with all bone tumors that affect cortical bone?

<p>Increased risk of pathologic fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are tumors in the epiphyses and metaphysis easier to detect?

<p>Because they are mineralized earlier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dominant internal extracellular substance of a lesion?

<p>Matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In radiographic assessment, lesions that are clear or mostly clear refer to what type of matrix?

<p>Clear matrix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiographic matrix exhibits a 'stippled' appearance?

<p>Cartilage matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the matrix in enchondroma and chondrosarcoma?

<p>Ring and Arc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The periosteum reacts to an irritation from which of the following?

<p>Trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered one of the most important factors in radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

<p>Age of the patient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common malignant BONE tumor in foot and ankle?

<p>Chondrosarcoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor has the characteristic feature of a 'soap-bubble appearance'?

<p>Aneurysmal bone cyst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor may involve brown skin macules and endocrine disorders known as Albright’s syndrome?

<p>Fibrous dysplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma)?

<p>Amputation of extremity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is derived from chondroblasts and may involve a 'chicken-wire matrix' appearance?

<p>Chondroblastoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor can be associated with extraskeletal histiocytic deposition leading to fatality?

<p>Eosinophilic Granuloma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which age group is fibrous dysplasia most commonly seen?

<p>&gt;40 years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Onion-skin' appearance on radiographs is characteristic of which disease?

<p>Ewing’s Sarcoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Bubbly radiolucencies', granular calcification areas, and bone enlargement are features of which tumor?

<p>'Scalloped regions of destruction' in Chondrosarcoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Brown tumors' with hemosiderin deposition without adequate calcification are characteristic of which condition?

<p>'Subperiosteal bone resorption' in Hyperparathyroidism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the provided text regarding bone tumor abnormalities?

<p>Increase understanding of abnormalities without memorization lists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of trabecular bone needs to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

<p>At least 50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

<p>Size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can tumor diagnosis be delayed when the tumor is located in flat bones, axial skeleton, and the ribs?

<p>Location makes detection more challenging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered one of the most important factors in radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

<p>Tumor calcification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tumors become obvious earlier than medullary tumors on radiographs?

<p>Cortical and surface tumors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a well-defined lesion with a sclerotic rim on radiographs?

<p>Geographic IA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature characterizes an aggressive malignancy in terms of bone destruction?

<p>Moth-Eaten appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What radiographic pattern of bone destruction is associated with a lesion that spreads through the medullary canal?

<p>Permeative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT among the most important factors (ALTMCS) for determining bone lesion characteristics?

<p>Production of a matrix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiographic zone of transition exhibits ill-defined borders and is considered aggressive?

<p>Wide Zone of Transition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a lesion with an 'onion-skin' appearance on radiographs?

<p>Moth-Eaten (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor mentioned in the text for radiographic assessment regarding cortical appearance?

<p>Periosteal reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In radiographic assessment, what characteristic defines lesions with 'Ground Glass' matrix?

<p>Osteolytic appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of behavior is associated with lesions showing 'Ring and Arc' matrix?

<p>Benign behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ALTMCS' stand for in the context of radiographic assessment factors?

<p>Age, Location, Transition zone, Matrix, Cortical appearance, Swelling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone matrix represents a lesion that has a 'Mostly Clear' appearance?

<p>'Clear' matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is emphasized as crucial in radiographic assessment to differentiate between benign and malignant osteolytic lesions?

<p>Degree of calcification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of age in differentiating bone tumors?

<p>It plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, with patients over 30 needing to consider metastases and myeloma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor can be centrally located in the transverse plane?

<p>Chondromyxoid fibroma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature characterizes non-ossifying fibroma in terms of location?

<p>Eccentric zone appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary differentiating factor between cortical enchondroma and parosteal osteosarcoma?

<p>Appearance of the cortex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must differential diagnosis in patients over 30 always include metastases and myeloma?

<p>To rule out common malignancies for that age group (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Parosteal Osteochondroma' is associated with which specific location according to the text?

<p>Longitudinal plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of osteoid osteoma on radiographs?

<p>Large size with surrounding reactive bone sclerosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor has the highest recurrence rate if treated with curettage and bone graft?

<p>Giant Cell Tumor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinguishing feature between fibrous dysplasia and non-ossifying fibroma?

<p>Ground glass appearance on radiographs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor originates from chondroblasts and may have amorphous, spotty calcifications?

<p>Chondroblastoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is associated with having a 'massive in metaphysis' description?

<p>Osteogenic Sarcoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone in the body?

<p>Metastasis/Myeloma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is NOT characterized by having a sclerotic margin and lobulated contour?

<p>Chondromyxoid fibroma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Bubbly radiolucencies' and granular areas of calcification are features of which tumor type?

<p>Giant Cell Tumor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Chondrosarcoma from other bone tumors?

<p>Expansion of bone contours without periosteal new bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor shares similarities with Ewing's Sarcoma in causing 'mottled moth-eaten destruction'?

<p>Metastasis/Myeloma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important clinical factor in differentiating possible bone tumors?

<p>Age of the patient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which specific bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism with Brown tumor?

<p>Fibrous dysplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary radiographic pattern of bone destruction associated with a lesion that spreads through the medullary canal?

<p>Permeative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor type is characterized by having a 'massive in metaphysis' description?

<p>Osteosarcoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In radiographic assessment, which matrix type represents a lesion with a 'Mostly Clear' appearance?

<p>'Ground Glass' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor may involve brown skin macules and endocrine disorders known as Albright’s syndrome?

<p>Fibrous dysplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most reliable indicator in determining whether an osteolytic lesion is benign or malignant?

<p>Zone of Transition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern of bone destruction is characterized by an ill-defined lytic lesion?

<p>Geographic IC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Permeative' refer to in radiographic assessment of bone destruction?

<p>Ill-defined lesion with 'worm-hole' appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in ALTMCS criteria regarding radiographic assessment of bone lesions?

<p>Production of a matrix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of zone of transition exhibits fine point pen/well-defined characteristics?

<p>Narrow Zone of Transition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Geographic IA from Geographic IB in terms of bone destruction pattern?

<p>'Mostly Clear' with a sclerotic rim (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of understanding bone tumor abnormalities according to the text?

<p>Recognize the radiographic appearances of lesions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the location of bone tumors in the epiphyses and metaphysis based on the text?

<p>They are easier to detect on radiographs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might tumor diagnosis be delayed when located in flat bones, axial skeleton, and the ribs?

<p>Their location makes visualization more challenging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of at least 50% trabecular bone needing to be destroyed before a tumor becomes detectable on radiographs?

<p>It serves as a general rule with exceptions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary differentiating factor between cortical enchondroma and parosteal osteosarcoma according to the text?

<p>'Ring and Arc' matrix appearance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major reason why bone tumors in the cortical and surface areas are more easily detected on radiographs?

<p>They are mineralized and become visible earlier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines lesions with a 'stippled' matrix appearance on radiographs?

<p>Flocculent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In radiographic assessment, what factor is NOT considered one of the ALTMCS criteria in determining bone lesion characteristics?

<p>Presence of swelling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor type is characterized by a 'chicken-wire matrix' appearance and is derived from chondroblasts?

<p>Chondromyxoid Fibroma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What radiographic pattern of bone destruction is associated with lesions that spread through the medullary canal?

<p>Ring and Arc (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lesions showing a 'soap-bubble appearance' are characteristic of which tumor type?

<p>Chondromyxoid Fibroma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tumor is associated with Hyperparathyroidism and Brown tumor?

<p>Fibrous Dysplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor originates from cartilage-forming connective tissue and is characterized by chondroid tissue and mucin-like substance?

<p>Chondrosarcoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which tumor type does the matrix and periosteum exhibit malignant changes, with a 5-year survival rate of 20% after amputation of the extremity?

<p>Chondrosarcoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by centrally located radiolucent lesions with a later border of sclerosis and endosteal scalloping, resembling osteomyelitis?

<p>Eosinophilic Granuloma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor may transform into osteogenic sarcoma or fibrosarcoma and has a recurrence rate as high as 50% following curettage and bone graft?

<p>Giant Cell Tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone tumor is associated with a 'blow-out' appearance, arteriovenous or vascular anomaly, and often located eccentrically in the metaphysis?

<p>Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is composed of well vascularized stroma with oval tumor cells and multinucleated tumor giant cells, often centered in the epiphysis?

<p>Giant Cell Tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Brown tumors' with hemosiderin deposition are characteristic of which condition known for subperiosteal bone resorption?

<p>Hyperparathyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mosaic glass' appearance on MRI is characteristic of which bone tumor that originates near the epiphyseal plate and expands into the epiphysis?

<p>'Aneurysmal Bone Cyst' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Onion-skin' periosteal reaction and a soft tissue mass are characteristics of which aggressive bone tumor that often mimics osteomyelitis symptoms?

<p>'Ewing's Sarcoma' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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