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Questions and Answers
What is a distinguishing feature of osteoid osteoma compared to osteoblastoma?
What is a distinguishing feature of osteoid osteoma compared to osteoblastoma?
Which characteristic is associated with Ewing sarcoma?
Which characteristic is associated with Ewing sarcoma?
In which area is osteosarcoma most likely to arise?
In which area is osteosarcoma most likely to arise?
What is a clinical characteristic of giant cell tumor?
What is a clinical characteristic of giant cell tumor?
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Which of the following bone tumors is most commonly associated with Gardner syndrome?
Which of the following bone tumors is most commonly associated with Gardner syndrome?
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Which of the following statements about osteochondroma is correct?
Which of the following statements about osteochondroma is correct?
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Which population is most commonly affected by Ewing sarcoma?
Which population is most commonly affected by Ewing sarcoma?
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Which type of bone tumor has an associated radiographic finding of a 'Codman triangle'?
Which type of bone tumor has an associated radiographic finding of a 'Codman triangle'?
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Study Notes
BONE TUMORS
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Osteoma:
- Benign bone tumor
- Commonly found on facial bones' surfaces
- Associated with Gardner syndrome
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Osteoid Osteoma:
- Benign tumor of osteoblasts
- Develops in young adults (primarily males)
- Arises within the cortex of long bones (e.g., femur)
- Characterized by bone pain relieved by aspirin
- Imaging shows a bony mass (less than 2 cm) with a radiolucent core (osteoid)
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Osteoblastoma:
- Similar to osteoid osteoma, but larger (> 2 cm)
- Primarily found in vertebrae
- Bone pain not relieved by aspirin
-
Osteochondroma:
- Benign bone tumor with a cartilage cap
- Most common benign bone tumor
- Originates from growth plate projections (metaphysis)
- Bone is continuous with marrow space
- Cartilage cap can rarely develop into chondrosarcoma
-
Osteosarcoma:
- Malignant tumor of osteoblasts
- Most common in teenagers, less common in elderly
- Risk factors: retinoblastoma, Paget's disease, radiation
- Develops in the metaphysis of long bones (typically distal femur or proximal tibia)
- Presents with pathologic fractures or bone pain and swelling
- Imaging: destructive mass with "sunburst" appearance and lifting of periosteum (Codman triangle)
GIANT CELL TUMOR
- Tumor of multinucleated giant cells and stromal cells
- Occurs in young adults
- Develops in epiphysis of long bones (typically distal femur or proximal tibia)
- X-ray appearance: "soap-bubble"
- Locally aggressive, prone to recurrence
EWING SARCOMA
- Malignant tumor of neuroectoderm
- Usually affects male children under 15
- Originates in the diaphysis of long bones
- X-ray appearance: onion-skin
- Biopsy shows small, round blue cells resembling lymphocytes
- Often confused with lymphoma or chronic osteomyelitis
- t(11;22) translocation characteristic
- Responsive to chemotherapy, often present with metastases
CHONDROMA
- Benign tumor of cartilage
- Typically found in small bones of hands and feet
CHONDROSARCOMA
- Malignant cartilage-forming tumor
- Develops in the medulla of pelvis or central skeleton
METASTATIC TUMORS
- More prevalent than primary tumors
- Often result in osteolytic lesions (punched-out areas)
- Prostatic carcinoma commonly produces osteoblastic lesions.
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Description
Explore the key characteristics and differences between various types of bone tumors, including benign and malignant forms. This quiz covers important conditions such as osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, osteochondroma, and osteosarcoma, highlighting their unique features and clinical significance.
