30 Questions
What is the main constituent of the skeleton?
Bone tissue
Which component is responsible for bone consistency and hardness?
Inorganic matrix
What covers the external surface of bones?
Periosteum
What is the function of bone marrow?
Hematopoietic organ
What percentage of the bone matrix's dry weight is made up of minerals?
65%
Which component forms a specialized connective tissue containing osteogenic cells and osteoblasts?
Endosteum
What is responsible for degrading cartilage remnants and expanding the medullary cavity?
Osteoclasts
What process occurs at the ends of the bone, similar to that of the primary center but without a bone collar?
Secondary ossification
What type of bone development overcomes resorption during growth?
Bone remodeling
What stops proliferating at around 20 years of age, leading to the cessation of longitudinal bone growth?
Epiphyseal plate
Which part of the long bones is mainly composed of trabeculae and contains bone marrow?
Spongy bone
What forms the articular surface and the place where tendons and ligaments are inserted in all types of bones?
Periosteum
What is responsible for bone repair by forming a bone collar and eventually replacing cartilage with bone after a fracture?
Osteoprogenitor cells
Which type of articulation has no movement or minimal movement?
Synostosis
What is responsible for inhibiting osteoclasts when there is excess calcium in the blood?
Calcitonin
Which part of the long bones contains a channel that carries vessels and nerves called the Havers channel?
Compact bone
What is formed by a plasma filtrate, nourishes the chondrocytes of the articular cartilage, and lubricates the articulation?
Synovial fluid
What forms a dense connective layer that seals the capsule of diarthrosis articulations?
Fibrous layer
What gives hardness to the bone?
Hydroxyapatite crystals
What happens if we decalcify the bone so that only the fibers remain?
The bone will become soft and flexible
Which component of the bone matrix constitutes approximately 35% of the dry weight of the bone?
Type I collagen
What is the role of osteoblasts?
Secrete substances necessary for maintenance of the matrix
What is the function of osteocytes?
Secrete substances necessary for maintenance of the matrix
What happens during bone resorption?
Osteoclasts break down bone tissue and release minerals into the blood
How is primary bone replaced?
Through intramembranous ossification
What is the function of osteoclasts?
Resorb bone tissue
What is found in the clear zone of an active osteoclast?
Filaments of actin
Which method forms most long and short bones?
Endochondral ossification
What happens to chondrocytes in endochondral ossification?
They become hypertrophied and die by apoptosis
Which cells differentiate into osteoblasts in endochondral ossification?
Osteoprogenitor cells within the bone septa
Explore the fundamental aspects of bone tissue, its role as the main constituent of the skeleton, its support for soft tissues, and its function in protecting vital organs. Understand its role in forming the locomotor system and serving as a reservoir of minerals for maintaining homeostasis.
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