Questions and Answers
What are the five major types of cells of bone tissue?
What are osteogenic cells also called?
Osteoprogenitor cells
What do osteoblasts secrete?
Unmineralized bone matrix called osteoid
Osteoid is made up of _____ and _____ binding proteins.
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What percentage of protein does collagen make up in bone?
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What do some osteoprogenitor cells become?
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What do osteoblasts mature into?
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What are osteocytes?
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What do bone-lining cells help maintain?
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What lineage do osteoclasts derive from?
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Study Notes
Types of Bone Cells
- Five major types of bone cells: osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, bone-lining cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteogenic Cells
- Also known as osteoprogenitor cells, they are stem cells located in the periosteum and endosteum.
- Mitotically active and can differentiate into osteoblasts or bone-lining cells.
- Some remain as stem cells for ongoing bone growth and repair.
Osteoblasts
- Responsible for forming new bone by secreting osteoid, an unmineralized bone matrix.
- Actively undergo mitosis, contributing to bone growth.
Osteoid Composition
- Composed of collagen (90%) and calcium-binding proteins (10%), essential for bone structure.
Osteocytes
- Mature bone cells found in lacunae that no longer divide.
- Maintain bone matrix and serve as stress or strain sensors.
- Respond to mechanical stimuli, communicating with osteoblasts and osteoclasts for bone remodeling.
Bone-Lining Cells
- Flat cells on bone surfaces that assist in maintaining the bone matrix.
- Referred to as periosteal cells on the external surface and endosteal cells on internal surfaces.
Osteoclasts
- Derived from hematopoietic stem cells that also create macrophages.
- Large, multinucleate cells involved in the resorption or breakdown of bone.
- Located in resorption bays when active, which are similar to lacunae.
Active Osteoclast Features
- Have ruffled borders increasing surface area for enzymatic degradation of bone.
- Ruffled borders also help seal the area from the surrounding matrix, enhancing resorption efficiency.
Lineage of Bone Cells
- Osteoblasts and osteocytes are derived from a common bone cell lineage.
- Osteoclasts arise from a separate lineage related to white blood cells, highlighting their different roles in bone health.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the five major types of bone cells, including osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, bone-lining cells, and osteoclasts. Explore their functions, structures, and roles in bone growth and maintenance. This quiz will deepen your understanding of cellular biology related to bone.
