Bohr's Atomic Model

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Questions and Answers

What is the wavelength of a de Broglie wave associated with a moving particle?

$mv^2$

$\frac{eV}{h}$

$\frac{h}{mv}$ (correct)

$\frac{mv}{h}$

How is the velocity of an electron accelerated by a potential difference of $V$ volts calculated?

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2eV}{m}}$ (correct)

$v = \frac{2eV}{m}$

$v = \sqrt{2eV}$

$v = \frac{eV}{m}$

What kind of forces are responsible for holding atoms in solids together?

Bonding forces (correct)

Gravitational forces

Nuclear forces

Electromagnetic forces

Which electrons primarily determine the electrical properties of metals?

Valence electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the free electrons in a solid that move freely, contributing to conduction?

Fermi gas Signup and view all the answers

Which theory is based on the assumption that total energy is equal to kinetic energy only?

Free electron theory Signup and view all the answers

What determines how valence electrons respond to external effects?

Their location in the outermost orbit Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theories is NOT associated with the study of the behavior of solids?

Quantum compression theory Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the stationary orbits in Bohr's atomic model?

Electrons revolve in non-radiating orbits. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Bohr's postulates is incorrect?

Energy is absorbed when an electron falls to a lower orbit. Signup and view all the answers

What equation represents Bohr's frequency condition for energy transition?

$Δ E = E_f - E_i = h\cdot f$ Signup and view all the answers

In Bohr's model, which force provides the centripetal force for the electron?

Coulomb force of attraction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following variables is NOT needed in the formula related to centripetal force in Bohr's model?

Planck's constant (h) Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal quantum number (n) in relation to Bohr's model?

The energy level of the electron Signup and view all the answers

Which model of the atom introduced the concept of wave nature of electrons?

de Broglie’s wave mechanical model Signup and view all the answers

In Bohr's model, what happens when an electron moves from a higher energy orbit to a lower energy orbit?

It emits energy. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bohr's Atomic model

Bohr proposed a new atomic model using quantum theory, which gave an adequate explanation for the stability of the atom
Bohr's postulates:
- Electrons revolve in non-radiating stationary orbits, with centripetal force provided by Coulomb's force of attraction between the electron and the nucleus.
- Angular momentum of the moving electron is an integral multiple of h/2𝜋 where h is Planck's constant.
- The electron does not radiate energy while moving in a stationary orbit.
- Energy is emitted when the electron falls from a higher energy orbit to a lower energy orbit, and energy is absorbed when the electron jumps from a lower energy orbit to a higher energy orbit.
Bohr's Frequency Condition:
- ΔE = Ef - Ei = hf, where f is the frequency of the emitted radiation, Ei and Ef are the energies of the initial and final orbits respectively.
Energy of an electron:
- The sum of kinetic energy Ek due to its motion and potential energy Ep due to its position in the orbit.
Potential energy of an electron:
- Equal to the work done in bringing the electron from infinity to its current position, due to the Coulombian force produced by the nucleus.

De Broglie's Wave-Mechanical Atomic Model

Also known as the modern concept of the atomic model.
Consists of the concept of the wave nature of an electron.
A particle (like an electron) of mass m moving with velocity v is associated with a wave propagating in the direction of the moving particle.
This wave is known as the de Broglie wave or matter wave.
Wavelength λ of the wave associated with the particle: λ = h/mv

Bonding Forces/Atomic Bonding Forces/Chemical Bonding Forces

The internal forces holding atoms in solids together.
These forces can vary significantly from material to material and determine the ease of breaking materials (e.g. chalk vs. steel).

Electrical Properties of Metals

The arrangement of electrons in an atom, behavior of valence electrons and interatomic interactions determine the electrical properties of materials (including conductivity).

Free Electron Theory

Based on the assumption that the total energy E is equal to the kinetic energy Ek only.
Based on the idea that electrons in the outer orbits are not bound to their atoms and are free to move throughout the solid.
These free electrons are also sometimes called Fermi gas or electron cloud.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of Bohr's atomic model, which utilizes quantum theory to explain atomic stability. This quiz covers Bohr's postulates, the frequency condition, and the energy dynamics of electrons in their orbits. Test your understanding of this pivotal scientific concept.