Bohr Model of the Atom Quiz- general chem 2
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Questions and Answers

What does the Rydberg constant primarily relate to?

  • The energy levels in an atom
  • The mass of the electron
  • The charge of the electron
  • The wavelengths of spectral lines in hydrogen (correct)

    • What is the value of the Bohr radius, $a_0$, for the hydrogen atom?

  • $1.00 \times 10^{-10} m$
  • $2.18 \times 10^{-11} m$
  • $3.56 \times 10^{-10} m$
  • $5.29 \times 10^{-11} m$ (correct)

    • Which transition between energy levels in hydrogen would release the most energy?

  • From n=7 to n=1 (correct)
  • From n=3 to n=2
  • From n=4 to n=1
  • From n=5 to n=3

    • What equation is used to find the energies of photon transitions between atomic levels?

    <p>$E = \frac{hcR}{n^2_{Upper} - n^2_{Lower}}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the Bohr model?

    <p>It can only describe hydrogen-like atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'R' represent in the energy equation for spectral lines?

    <p>Rydberg constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which series in the hydrogen spectrum corresponds to transitions ending at n=1?

    <p>Lyman series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes hydrogen-like atoms?

    <p>They contain only one electron but can have a different nuclear charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a limitation of the Bohr model?

    <p>It does not account for electron spin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Bohr model, what quantizes the angular momentum of an electron?

    <p>The principal quantum number n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula for the energy levels in the hydrogen atom can be rewritten in terms of which constant?

    <p>Rydberg constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which series do the spectral lines of hydrogen transitions occur in the visible region?

    <p>Balmer series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Bohr model explain the line spectrum of hydrogen?

    <p>By allowing electrons to fall between defined energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the momentum of an electron in the Bohr model?

    <p>$p = nh/2\pi r$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principal quantum number 'n' represent in the Bohr model?

    <p>The size of the orbital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about hydrogen-like atoms is true?

    <p>Their energy levels can be predicted using the Bohr model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the energy difference between levels in hydrogen-like atoms?

    <p>The charge of the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition must be satisfied for the electron in the Bohr model?

    <p>The angular momentum must be a fraction of $h$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term in the energy formula accounts for the attractive force between the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electron?

    <p>Potential energy (Un)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the Bohr radius and the principal quantum number 'n'?

    <p>The Bohr radius is directly proportional to 'n'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculated wavelength for a transition from n=3 to n=2 in hydrogen according to the Bohr model?

    <p>656.3 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element's spectral lines can be explained by the Bohr model?

    <p>Hydrogen (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Rydberg constant value used in the wavelength calculations for hydrogen?

    <p>1.097 x 10^7 m^-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Bohr model modify for a singly-ionized helium atom compared to hydrogen?

    <p>Energy levels are adjusted by Z².</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following limitations does the Bohr theory not address?

    <p>Mass of the electron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Balmer Hα line corresponds to which transition?

    <p>n=3 to n=2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true of the visible part of the hydrogen spectrum?

    <p>It only includes the Balmer series.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which series of spectral lines is not observed in the hydrogen spectrum?

    <p>Davison series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Bohr model, what is the effect of increasing the principal quantum number (n) on the energy level of an electron?

    <p>Energy increases as n².</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The transitions of electrons in the Bohr model primarily explain...

    <p>Energy emission and absorption in hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What directly influences the amount of energy released during an electron's fall to a lower energy orbit in the Bohr model?

    <p>The size of the energy gap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Bohr's model, how is the angular momentum of an electron expressed mathematically?

    <p>L = nh/2π</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship does the de Broglie wavelength of an electron have with its momentum according to the Bohr model?

    <p>λ = h/p</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the balance of electrostatic and centripetal forces acting on the electron in a hydrogen atom according to the Bohr model?

    <p>$F_e = F_c$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of atom does the original Bohr model primarily focus on?

    <p>Hydrogen-like atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following variables is NOT part of the quantized angular momentum equation in the Bohr model?

    <p>Orbital radius (r)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Bohr model, what physical principle explains the quantization of orbits for the electron?

    <p>Quantization of angular momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Bohr model, what does the term 'electron transition' refer to?

    <p>An electron changing orbits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical concept does the de Broglie wavelength represent in relation to an electron in orbit?

    <p>The spatial distribution of the electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept from the Bohr model reflects the relationship between the electron's speed and its distance from the nucleus?

    <p>Speed increases with decreasing distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol $a_0$ represent in the context of the Bohr model?

    <p>Minimum radius of an electron orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Bohr model, what does an increase in the principal quantum number $n$ result in?

    <p>Higher energy and larger radial distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Rydberg constant $R$ in the Bohr model?

    <p>It relates to the energy levels of the hydrogen atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is energy calculated for photon transitions between energy levels?

    <p>$E = hcR( \frac{1}{n_{Upper}^2} - \frac{1}{n_{Lower}^2})$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the negative value in the energy expression $E_n = -\frac{me^4}{8e_0^2h^2n^2}$ indicate?

    <p>Energy is bound to the atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation describes the momentum of an electron in the context of the Bohr model?

    <p>$p = mvr = n \frac{h}{2\pi}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What energy level corresponds to the transition from $n=3$ to $n=2$ in hydrogen?

    <p>1.89 eV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the allowed energy for an electron in the Bohr model derived?

    <p>By summing potential energy and kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy associated with the position of the electron in the atom?

    <p>Potential Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Bohr model, which factor primarily determines the size of electron orbits?

    <p>Principal quantum number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength calculated for a transition from n=3 to n=2 in hydrogen?

    <p>656.3 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Bohr model of hydrogen compare to multi-electron atoms?

    <p>It fails to account for their complexities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Bohr model, what does the term 'n' represent?

    <p>The quantum state of the electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What modification is made to the Bohr formula for singly-ionized helium?

    <p>En → ZEn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emission line corresponds to the transition from n=2 to n=1 in hydrogen?

    <p>Lyman series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following observations does the Bohr model explain accurately?

    <p>Wavelength of the Balmer Hα line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Rydberg constant in atomic spectra?

    <p>Determines the wavelength of emitted light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation does the Bohr model have regarding spectral lines?

    <p>It fails to indicate the rate of transitions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which atom does the Bohr model not provide an adequate description?

    <p>Lithium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which series of spectral lines is not visible in hydrogen's spectrum?

    <p>UV series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bohr Model of the Atom

    • The Bohr model explains the line spectrum of hydrogen.
    • In this model, the electron can only exist in certain, specific orbits.
    • The electron's energy is quantized.
    • The allowed orbits have angular momentum values of nh/2π, where n is an integer.
    • The energy of an electron is related to its orbit number (n).
    • Higher energy level states are excited states.
    • Electrons can transition between energy levels by absorbing or emitting photons.
    • The greater the fall the greater the energy released.

    Energy Transitions and Wavelengths

    • Electrons transition between energy levels by emitting or absorbing photons of specific energy and wavelengths.
    • Lyman series: Electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region (n=1)
    • Balmer series: Electromagnetic radiation in the visible and ultraviolet regions (n=2)
    • Paschen series: Electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region (n=3)
    • Brackett series: Electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region (n=4)
    • Pfund series: Electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region (n=5)

    Specific Wavelength Values

    • Lyman series: 91.2 nm, 97.3 nm, 102.6 nm, 121.6 nm
    • Balmer series: 364.8 nm, 410.2 nm, 434.1 nm, 486.1 nm, 656.3 nm
    • Paschen series: 820.8 nm

    Bohr Model Limitations

    • The model fails to explain the spectra of atoms more complex than hydrogen.
    • The model does not give information on electron distribution within atoms, or relative intensity of spectral lines.
    • It fails to predict the fine structure of spectral lines.
    • The Bohr model doesn't explain selection rules for transition, or the rates of transitions.
    • The model ignores the effects of electric and magnetic fields (Stark and Zeeman effects).

    Extensions of the Bohr Model

    • Finite nuclear mass: The nucleus and electron rotate around a common center of mass.
    • Elliptical orbits (Bohr-Sommerfeld model): Electrons can follow elliptical orbits.

    Reduced Mass

    • The reduced mass (µ) is used in calculations involving the nucleus-electron system's mass.
    •   The reduced mass is used when calculating isotope shifts, which occur because different isotopes of the same atomic species have differing reduced masses.

    Hydrogen-Like Atoms

    • The Bohr model can be applied to any atom with a single electron ( H and singly-ionized Helium).
    • The formula must be modified for other atoms with more than one electron, because quantum mechanics is necessary if you want to describe multielectron systems.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the Bohr model of the atom! This quiz covers the key concepts, including electron energy levels, quantization, and the different series of electromagnetic radiation. Dive deep into how electrons transition between orbits and the implications for atomic spectra.

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