Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of body cavities?
Which of the following is found within the cranial cavity?
The thoracic cavity does NOT contain which of the following?
What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
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Which smaller cavity is associated with the respiratory system?
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Which of the following is located in the middle ear cavities?
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What is a primary role of the abdominopelvic cavity?
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Which structure is found within the spinal cavity?
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What is the location of the pleural cavities?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of the dorsal body cavity?
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Which myotome is responsible for elbow extension?
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Which dermatome corresponds to the groin area?
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What reflex is tested by tapping the patellar tendon?
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Which cranial nerve is associated with the biceps reflex?
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Which myotome innervates ankle dorsiflexion?
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Which dermatome covers the medial side of the lower leg?
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What action does the S1 myotome primarily control?
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Which reflex involves tapping the Achilles tendon?
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What is the action associated with the C8 myotome?
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Which cranial nerve is involved in the triceps reflex?
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Which myotome is responsible for hip flexion?
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What is the primary function of the biceps reflex?
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Which dermatome corresponds to the lateral side of the lower leg?
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Which cranial nerve is tested during the jaw reflex?
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Which reflex is associated with the action of elbow extension?
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What action does the S2 myotome primarily control?
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Which myotome is responsible for thumb extension?
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Which dermatome covers the medial aspect of the foot?
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Which reflex involves tapping below the kneecap?
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Which myotome is innervated for ankle plantarflexion?
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Which myotome is responsible for shoulder elevation?
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What is the reflex response in the biceps reflex when the tendon is tapped?
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Which dermatome covers the area of the pinky finger?
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The Achilles reflex tests which nerve?
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Which of the following myotomes is responsible for finger abduction?
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The groin area is innervated by which dermatome?
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What muscle action is associated with the S1 myotome?
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The C6 myotome is responsible for which muscle actions?
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Which reflex involves hitting below the olecranon during testing?
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Which myotome corresponds with knee extension?
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Study Notes
Body Cavities Overview
- Cavities are hollow spaces within the body that protect and support organs and tissues.
- Key functions include providing protection, maintaining organ position, allowing movement and expansion, and separating organ systems to prevent the spread of infections.
Dorsal Body Cavity
- Located along the posterior aspect of the body.
Cranial Cavity
- Located within the skull.
- Houses the brain.
Spinal (Vertebral) Cavity
- Runs along the vertebral column.
- Contains the spinal cord.
Ventral Body Cavity
- Located along the anterior aspect of the body.
- Divided into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Thoracic Cavity
- Subdivided into three main areas:
- Pleural Cavities: Surround each lung.
- Pericardial Cavity: Surrounds the heart.
- Mediastinum: Central compartment containing the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels.
Abdominopelvic Cavity
- Contains two regions:
-
Abdominal Cavity:
- Superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity.
- Contains stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, and most of the large intestine.
-
Pelvic Cavity:
- Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity.
- Contains the urinary bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum.
-
Abdominal Cavity:
Smaller Cavities
- Oral (Buccal) Cavity: Located in the mouth; contains teeth and tongue.
- Nasal Cavity: Located within and posterior to the nose; part of the respiratory system lined with mucous membrane.
- Orbital Cavities: Eye sockets that contain the eyes, associated muscles, nerves, and vessels.
- Middle Ear Cavities: Located in the temporal bones of the skull; contain ossicles that transmit sound vibrations.
Dermatomes
- C1: Sensation on the top of the head.
- C2: Covers the back of the head to the forehead.
- C3: Sensation from the back to the front of the neck.
- C4: Extends from the neck to the collarbone.
- C5: Includes sensation from the top of the shoulder to the wrist.
- C6: Sensation from the top of the shoulder to the tip of the pointing finger.
- C7: Covers the wrist to the middle finger.
- C8: Extends from the medial upper arm to the pinky finger.
- T1: Sensation along the forearm to the wrist.
- L1: Covers the groin area.
- L2: Sensation in the upper anterior thigh.
- L3: Covers the lower anterior thigh.
- L4: Sensation on the medial side of the lower leg.
- L5: Covers the lateral side of the lower leg and dorsum of the foot.
- S1: Sensation in the lateral aspect of the foot and heel.
- S2: Covers the posterior thigh.
- S3-S5: Sensation in the perianal area.
Myotomes
- Instructions for testing: Client must close their eyes and be seated.
- C1-C2: Neck flexion movement.
- C3: Side flexion of the neck.
- C4: Shoulder elevation movement.
- C5: Shoulder abduction movement.
- C6: Elbow flexion and wrist extension.
- C7: Elbow extension and wrist flexion.
- C8: Thumb extension and ulnar deviation.
- T1: Finger abduction movement.
- L1-L2: Hip flexion movement.
- L3: Knee extension movement.
- L4: Ankle dorsiflexion movement.
- L5: Big toe extension.
- S1: Includes ankle plantarflexion, eversion, and hip extension.
- S2: Knee flexion movement.
Reflexes
- Jaw Reflex: Evaluates Cranial Nerve 8; client opens mouth slightly, therapist taps thumb placed on chin, resulting in slight opening or closing of the mouth.
- Bicep Reflex: Involves Cranial Nerve 5; therapist locates bicep tendon, taps with thumb on the tendon to elicit reflex.
- Brachioradialis Reflex: Engages Cranial Nerve 6; therapist taps tendon near the styloid process of the radius, resulting in radial deviation.
- Triceps Reflex: Tests Cranial Nerve 7; with the arm positioned, therapist taps above the olecranon to elicit elbow extension reflex.
- Patellar Reflex (Knee-Jerk Reflex): Involves the Femoral Nerve (L2-L4); therapist taps patellar tendon while client’s legs dangle, resulting in knee extension reflex.
- Achilles Reflex (Ankle-Jerk Reflex): Engages the Tibial Nerve (S1-S2); therapist dorsiflexes the foot slightly and taps the Achilles tendon, eliciting a reflex.
Dermatomes
- C1: Sensation on the top of the head.
- C2: Covers the back of the head to the forehead.
- C3: Sensation from the back to the front of the neck.
- C4: Extends from the neck to the collarbone.
- C5: Includes sensation from the top of the shoulder to the wrist.
- C6: Sensation from the top of the shoulder to the tip of the pointing finger.
- C7: Covers the wrist to the middle finger.
- C8: Extends from the medial upper arm to the pinky finger.
- T1: Sensation along the forearm to the wrist.
- L1: Covers the groin area.
- L2: Sensation in the upper anterior thigh.
- L3: Covers the lower anterior thigh.
- L4: Sensation on the medial side of the lower leg.
- L5: Covers the lateral side of the lower leg and dorsum of the foot.
- S1: Sensation in the lateral aspect of the foot and heel.
- S2: Covers the posterior thigh.
- S3-S5: Sensation in the perianal area.
Myotomes
- Instructions for testing: Client must close their eyes and be seated.
- C1-C2: Neck flexion movement.
- C3: Side flexion of the neck.
- C4: Shoulder elevation movement.
- C5: Shoulder abduction movement.
- C6: Elbow flexion and wrist extension.
- C7: Elbow extension and wrist flexion.
- C8: Thumb extension and ulnar deviation.
- T1: Finger abduction movement.
- L1-L2: Hip flexion movement.
- L3: Knee extension movement.
- L4: Ankle dorsiflexion movement.
- L5: Big toe extension.
- S1: Includes ankle plantarflexion, eversion, and hip extension.
- S2: Knee flexion movement.
Reflexes
- Jaw Reflex: Evaluates Cranial Nerve 8; client opens mouth slightly, therapist taps thumb placed on chin, resulting in slight opening or closing of the mouth.
- Bicep Reflex: Involves Cranial Nerve 5; therapist locates bicep tendon, taps with thumb on the tendon to elicit reflex.
- Brachioradialis Reflex: Engages Cranial Nerve 6; therapist taps tendon near the styloid process of the radius, resulting in radial deviation.
- Triceps Reflex: Tests Cranial Nerve 7; with the arm positioned, therapist taps above the olecranon to elicit elbow extension reflex.
- Patellar Reflex (Knee-Jerk Reflex): Involves the Femoral Nerve (L2-L4); therapist taps patellar tendon while client’s legs dangle, resulting in knee extension reflex.
- Achilles Reflex (Ankle-Jerk Reflex): Engages the Tibial Nerve (S1-S2); therapist dorsiflexes the foot slightly and taps the Achilles tendon, eliciting a reflex.
Dermatomes
- C1: Sensation on the top of the head.
- C2: Covers the back of the head to the forehead.
- C3: Sensation from the back to the front of the neck.
- C4: Extends from the neck to the collarbone.
- C5: Includes sensation from the top of the shoulder to the wrist.
- C6: Sensation from the top of the shoulder to the tip of the pointing finger.
- C7: Covers the wrist to the middle finger.
- C8: Extends from the medial upper arm to the pinky finger.
- T1: Sensation along the forearm to the wrist.
- L1: Covers the groin area.
- L2: Sensation in the upper anterior thigh.
- L3: Covers the lower anterior thigh.
- L4: Sensation on the medial side of the lower leg.
- L5: Covers the lateral side of the lower leg and dorsum of the foot.
- S1: Sensation in the lateral aspect of the foot and heel.
- S2: Covers the posterior thigh.
- S3-S5: Sensation in the perianal area.
Myotomes
- Instructions for testing: Client must close their eyes and be seated.
- C1-C2: Neck flexion movement.
- C3: Side flexion of the neck.
- C4: Shoulder elevation movement.
- C5: Shoulder abduction movement.
- C6: Elbow flexion and wrist extension.
- C7: Elbow extension and wrist flexion.
- C8: Thumb extension and ulnar deviation.
- T1: Finger abduction movement.
- L1-L2: Hip flexion movement.
- L3: Knee extension movement.
- L4: Ankle dorsiflexion movement.
- L5: Big toe extension.
- S1: Includes ankle plantarflexion, eversion, and hip extension.
- S2: Knee flexion movement.
Reflexes
- Jaw Reflex: Evaluates Cranial Nerve 8; client opens mouth slightly, therapist taps thumb placed on chin, resulting in slight opening or closing of the mouth.
- Bicep Reflex: Involves Cranial Nerve 5; therapist locates bicep tendon, taps with thumb on the tendon to elicit reflex.
- Brachioradialis Reflex: Engages Cranial Nerve 6; therapist taps tendon near the styloid process of the radius, resulting in radial deviation.
- Triceps Reflex: Tests Cranial Nerve 7; with the arm positioned, therapist taps above the olecranon to elicit elbow extension reflex.
- Patellar Reflex (Knee-Jerk Reflex): Involves the Femoral Nerve (L2-L4); therapist taps patellar tendon while client’s legs dangle, resulting in knee extension reflex.
- Achilles Reflex (Ankle-Jerk Reflex): Engages the Tibial Nerve (S1-S2); therapist dorsiflexes the foot slightly and taps the Achilles tendon, eliciting a reflex.
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Description
Explore the structure and functions of various body cavities with this quiz. Learn about the dorsal and ventral body cavities, including their subdivisions and the vital organs they house. Test your knowledge on the role these hollow spaces play in protecting and supporting bodily functions.
