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Questions and Answers
What are the three layers of protective membranes that line the dorsal body cavity?
The dura mater, the arachnoid membrane, and the pia mater
What is the function of the serous fluid produced by serous membranes?
To reduce friction between organs and the body wall
Which cavity surrounds the heart?
The pericardial cavity
What is the term for the serous membrane that covers an organ?
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What is the purpose of the serous membranes in the trunk cavities?
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What are the three serous membrane-lined cavities in the thoracic cavity?
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What is the purpose of the pericardial cavity and what is it located between?
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What is the main difference between the parietal and visceral pleurae, and where are they located?
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What is the peritoneal cavity, and what is it located between?
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What is the main function of the thoracic cavity, and what structures are found within it?
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What is the difference between the abdominal and pelvic cavities, and what organs are found within them?
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What is the purpose of homeostasis, and how does it relate to the body's internal environment?
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Study Notes
Body Cavities and Membranes
- The body cavities are lined with thin sheets of tissue called membranes, which cover and protect the various organs of the body.
- The dorsal body cavity is lined with three layers of protective membranes called the meninges, which are: the dura mater, the arachnoid membrane, and the pia mater.
- The ventral body cavity contains various serous membranes, which are filled with fluid that allows for lubrication and slight movement of the organs.
- Important serous membranes include: the pleura, the pericardium, and the peritoneum.
- Serous membranes line the trunk cavities and cover the organs of these cavities.
Serous Membranes and Organs
- The visceral serous membrane represents the inner balloon wall in contact with the fist (organ), and the outer part of the balloon wall represents the parietal wall serous membrane.
- The cavity or space between the visceral and parietal serous membranes is normally filled with a thin, lubricating film of serous fluid produced by the membranes.
- The serous fluid and smooth serous membranes function to reduce friction as an organ rubs against another organ or against the body wall.
Thoracic Cavity
- The thoracic cavity contains three serous membrane-lined cavities: a pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities.
- The pericardial cavity surrounds the heart, and is covered by the visceral pericardium and contained within a connective tissue sac lined with the parietal pericardium.
- The pericardial cavity contains pericardial fluid, located between the visceral and parietal pericardia.
- Each lung is surrounded by a pleural cavity, covered by visceral pleura, and the inner surface of the thoracic wall is lined by the parietal pleura.
- The pleural cavity is located between the visceral and parietal pleurae and contains pleural fluid.
Abdominopelvic Cavity
- The abdominopelvic cavity contains a serous membrane-lined cavity called the peritoneal cavity.
- Many of the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity are covered by visceral peritoneum, and the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is lined with parietal peritoneum.
- The peritoneal cavity is located between the visceral and parietal peritoneum and contains peritoneal fluid.
Major Trunk Cavities
- The trunk contains three large cavities: the thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity.
- The thoracic cavity is surrounded by the rib cage and is separated from the abdominal cavity by the muscular diaphragm.
- The abdominal cavity is bounded primarily by the abdominal muscles and contains the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys.
- The pelvic cavity is a small space enclosed by the bones of the pelvis and contains the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, and the internal reproductive organs.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis is the process by which a stable (or steady) internal environment is maintained in the body, so that cellular metabolic functions can proceed at maximum efficiency.
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and function of body cavities and membranes, including the meninges and serous membranes.
