BMS Anatomy Lecture 10: Elbow, Radioulnar, and Hand Joints
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Questions and Answers

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

  • Saddle joint
  • Ball and socket joint
  • Condyloid joint
  • Hinge joint (correct)

    • Which ligaments contribute to the structural strength of the elbow joint?

  • Radial collateral and ulnar collateral ligaments (correct)
  • Lateral and medial meniscus ligaments
  • Pectoral and deltoid ligaments
  • Coronoid and olecranon ligaments

    • In the elbow complex, which bony articulation involves the trochlea of the humerus?

  • Humero-ulnar (correct)
  • Radio-ulnar
  • Humero-radial
  • Capitulum-humeri

    • What movements are permitted by the typical 'elbow' joint?

    <p>Flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the humerus has the trochlea and capitulum as articular surfaces?

    <p>Distal end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many degrees of freedom does the elbow joint typically have?

    <p>One degree of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament becomes taut during wrist flexion at the radiocarpal joint?

    <p>Posterior ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement at the radiocarpal joint involves the collateral ligaments?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In wrist flexion at the radiocarpal joint, which ligament relaxes?

    <p>Anterior ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ulno-carpal ligament in wrist movement at the radiocarpal joint?

    <p>Relaxes during wrist flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is primarily involved in wrist flexion and extension?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Flexor Carpi Radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the axis of abduction and adduction motions at the radiocarpal joint?

    <p>Through the head of the capitate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in wrist flexion?

    <p>Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the primary motion of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in both wrist flexion and wrist abduction?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is NOT true?

    <p>It is a hinge joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in wrist extension but NOT in wrist abduction?

    <p>Extensor Digiti Minimi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is true?

    <p>The joint surface of the 1st metacarpal is convex, and the joint surface of the trapezium is concave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles are responsible for flexion of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, lumbricals, dorsal interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of the fingers?

    <p>120 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is responsible for adduction of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Palmar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for hyperextension of the thumb interphalangeal (IP) joint?

    <p>5-10 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an extrinsic muscle acting on the digits?

    <p>Adductor pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what position of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb can abduction/adduction occur?

    <p>Semiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint is correct?

    <p>Approximately two-thirds of the humeral head fits into the glenoid fossa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glenoid labrum in the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>To deepen the glenoid cavity and improve congruence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following axes controls the rotational movements of the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>Vertical axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is closely related to the glenohumeral joint and may be damaged during dislocation?

    <p>Axillary nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint is correct?

    <p>It is relatively loose, permitting free movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements of the glenohumeral joint is controlled by the antero-posterior axis?

    <p>Abduction and adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for the 5th carpometacarpal (CMC) joint?

    <p>25 to 30 degrees of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many degrees of freedom (DOF) do the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints have?

    <p>2 DOF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the MCP joint is in 90 degrees of flexion, what is the state of the collateral ligaments?

    <p>Taut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for abduction and adduction of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints?

    <p>20 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joints has the greatest range of motion?

    <p>5th CMC joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints?

    <p>0 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of the fingers?

    <p>$120^{\circ}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what position of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb can abduction/adduction occur?

    <p>In semiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is responsible for adduction of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Palmar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles are responsible for flexion of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for hyperextension of the thumb interphalangeal (IP) joint?

    <p>$5^{\circ} - 10^{\circ}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the transverse humeral ligament?

    <p>To convert the intertubercular groove into a canal for the long head of the biceps tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the coracoacromial arch?

    <p>To prevent superior displacement of the humeral head from the glenoid cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the bursae around the shoulder joint?

    <p>To decrease friction between tendons/muscles and the joint capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glenohumeral ligaments?

    <p>To provide structural support to the shoulder joint capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the long head of the biceps tendon positioned within the shoulder joint?

    <p>Within the joint capsule, passing through the intertubercular groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the coracohumeral ligament?

    <p>To connect the coracoid process to the greater tubercle of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Scapulothoracic Joint?

    <p>Increases arm ROM at the Shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement will result in changes at both the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints?

    <p>Adduction of the Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides Glenohumeral stability for overhead work?

    <p>Scapulothoracic Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Scapulothoracic Joint in relation to the Humerus?

    <p>Offers a movable base for the Humerus, enhancing arm ROM at shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of muscles attached to the scapula with regards to shoulder movements?

    <p>Produce movements that are dependent on acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular articulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in wrist extension?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motion at the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb involves rotation of the 1st metacarpal on the trapezium?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the joint capsule at the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb?

    <p>It is thick, but loose to allow a wide range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following motions is NOT permitted at the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles acts as a synergist for both wrist flexion and wrist abduction?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the articular surfaces of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is correct?

    <p>The surfaces have both convex and concave characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for extension of the digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Extensor digitorum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle groups is responsible for abduction of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Dorsal interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb?

    <p>45 - 60 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for opposition of the thumb?

    <p>Opponens pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the intrinsic muscles of the hand is true?

    <p>The lumbricals are responsible for flexion of digits 2 to 5.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in both wrist flexion and wrist abduction?

    <p>Flexor carpi radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the articular disc in the inferior radio-ulnar joint?

    <p>To bind the radius and ulna together and separate different joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament provides support to the middle radioulnar joint?

    <p>Interosseous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the middle radioulnar joint defined in terms of movement?

    <p>Amphiarthrosis joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thickening of the capsule as palmar (anterior) and posterior or dorsal radioulnar ligaments?

    <p>To support the joint anteriorly and posteriorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are responsible for Supination and Pronation movements at the forearm?

    <p>Supinator &amp; Pronator teres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the degree of movement for Pronation compared to Supination at the radio-ulnar joints?

    <p>$90^\circ$ Pronation, $80^\circ$ Supination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glenoid labrum in the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>To widen the glenoid cavity and increase congruence with the humeral head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is closely related to the glenohumeral joint and may be damaged during dislocation?

    <p>Axillary nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following axes controls the rotational movements of the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>Vertical axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint is correct?

    <p>It is least supported inferiorly, making dislocation more likely in that direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the articular surfaces of the glenohumeral joint is correct?

    <p>The head of the humerus is much larger than the glenoid cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements of the glenohumeral joint is controlled by the antero-posterior axis?

    <p>Abduction and adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following joints is a physiological joint with no true articulation?

    <p>Scapulothoracic joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the scapulothoracic joint?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between the scapulothoracic joint and other shoulder joints is correct?

    <p>Any movement at the scapulothoracic joint will result in movement at both the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for abduction of the thumb?

    <p>Abductor pollicis longus and Abductor pollicis brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for opposition of the thumb?

    <p>Opponens pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle groups is responsible for flexion of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus and Flexor digitorum superficialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After reaching 90° abduction, the movement of the upper limb:

    <p>Brings the upper limb closer to the sagittal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the position of reference, adduction of the shoulder joint is possible when combined with:

    <p>Extension and flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the subacromial bursa is correct?

    <p>It may become inflamed and swollen, leading to impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The movement of abduction takes place in which plane?

    <p>Frontal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum angle of abduction that can be achieved at the shoulder joint?

    <p>180°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bursa is located between the deltoid and the fibrous capsule?

    <p>Subdeltoid bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle groups is responsible for wrist adduction?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following motions is permitted at the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb?

    <p>Rotation of the 1st metacarpal on the trapezium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is responsible for wrist abduction?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Radialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus, and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for opposition of the thumb?

    <p>Opponens Pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb is correct?

    <p>It is a saddle joint with 3 degrees of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is involved in both wrist flexion and wrist abduction?

    <p>Flexor Carpi Radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the radial collateral ligament in the elbow complex?

    <p>Provide side-to-side stability to prevent varus-valgus stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament reinforces the distal part of the joint capsule of the elbow complex to provide additional support?

    <p>Annular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the elbow complex, what is the primary function of the trochlea of the humerus?

    <p>Participate in the formation of the humero-ulnar joint for flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint within the elbow complex permits rotational movements of the forearm?

    <p>Proximal radio-ulnar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure primarily limits hyperextension at the elbow joint?

    <p>Olecranon process of ulna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament in the elbow complex is most crucial for preventing abduction-adduction movements?

    <p>Ulnar collateral ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint provides a movable base for the humerus, increasing the range of motion at the shoulder joint?

    <p>Scapulothoracic joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is primarily responsible for abduction of the thumb?

    <p>Abductor pollicis longus and abductor pollicis brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint is correct?

    <p>It is reinforced by the coracohumeral ligament, which provides stability to the joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for opposition of the thumb?

    <p>Opponens pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements of the glenohumeral joint is controlled by the antero-posterior axis?

    <p>Abduction and adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glenoid labrum in the glenohumeral joint?

    <p>To increase the depth of the glenoid fossa and provide stability to the joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of passive flexion for the elbow joint?

    <p>160°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures forms a part of the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

    <p>Both the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of extension for the elbow joint from the position of reference (C)?

    <p>0°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the head of the radius is correct?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

    <p>A synovial pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the movement at the proximal radio-ulnar joint is correct?

    <p>It allows rotation about the axis of the two cylindrical surfaces in contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic muscle group is responsible for abduction of the little finger (digit 5)?

    <p>Abductor digiti minimi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which extrinsic muscle primarily extends the interphalangeal joints of the thumb?

    <p>Extensor pollicis brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is responsible for flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb?

    <p>Flexor pollicis brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of motion (ROM) for extension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the fingers?

    <p>0 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is primarily responsible for adduction of digits 2 to 5?

    <p>Palmar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which position of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb can abduction/adduction occur?

    <p>Semiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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