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Questions and Answers
What is the actual volume of blood flowing through a vessel, an organ, or the entire circulation in a given period?
What is the actual volume of blood flowing through a vessel, an organ, or the entire circulation in a given period?
- Varies widely through individual organs, according to immediate needs
- Is relatively constant when at rest
- Is equivalent to cardiac output (CO), considering the entire vascular system (correct)
- Is measured in ml per min.
What is the force per unit area exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood?
What is the force per unit area exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood?
- Measured in reference to systemic arterial BP in large arteries near the heart
- Is 0 mm Hg in the right atrium
- Is highest in the aorta
- Expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) (correct)
What is the measure of the amount of friction blood encounters as it passes through vessels?
What is the measure of the amount of friction blood encounters as it passes through vessels?
- Referred to as peripheral resistance (PR) (correct)
- Is relatively constant
- Generally encountered in the systemic circulation
- Opposition to flow
What are the three important sources of resistance?
What are the three important sources of resistance?
How does resistance vary with vessel radius?
How does resistance vary with vessel radius?
What is the equation for blood pressure?
What is the equation for blood pressure?
Which chemicals increase blood pressure?
Which chemicals increase blood pressure?
What are the three types of circulatory shock?
What are the three types of circulatory shock?
What are the factors aiding venous return?
What are the factors aiding venous return?
What chemicals decrease blood pressure?
What chemicals decrease blood pressure?
What is the major function of valves during venous return?
What is the major function of valves during venous return?
What is the main factor influencing blood pressure?
What is the main factor influencing blood pressure?
Which type of blood vessel is responsible for controlling flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and constriction?
Which type of blood vessel is responsible for controlling flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and constriction?
What is the main component of the tunica media in elastic (conducting) arteries?
What is the main component of the tunica media in elastic (conducting) arteries?
Which type of capillary allows only a single red blood cell to pass at a time?
Which type of capillary allows only a single red blood cell to pass at a time?
What is the main function of venules in the circulatory system?
What is the main function of venules in the circulatory system?
What is the main difference in the composition of tunica media between muscular arteries and elastic arteries?
What is the main difference in the composition of tunica media between muscular arteries and elastic arteries?
What is the main function of veins in the circulatory system?
What is the main function of veins in the circulatory system?
What is the main difference in blood pressure between veins and arteries?
What is the main difference in blood pressure between veins and arteries?
What is the main function of the tunica externa (tunica adventitia) of blood vessels?
What is the main function of the tunica externa (tunica adventitia) of blood vessels?
What is the main function of capillary beds in the circulatory system?
What is the main function of capillary beds in the circulatory system?
Which type of artery has the largest lumen and allows low-resistance conduction of blood?
Which type of artery has the largest lumen and allows low-resistance conduction of blood?
What is the main function of postcapillary venules in the circulatory system?
What is the main function of postcapillary venules in the circulatory system?
What is the main component of the walls of capillaries?
What is the main component of the walls of capillaries?
Blood flow is equivalent to cardiac output (CO), considering the entire vascular system
Blood flow is equivalent to cardiac output (CO), considering the entire vascular system
Blood pressure is highest in the right atrium
Blood pressure is highest in the right atrium
Maintaining blood pressure requires the supervision of the brain
Maintaining blood pressure requires the supervision of the brain
Chemicals that decrease blood pressure include endothelium-derived factors
Chemicals that decrease blood pressure include endothelium-derived factors
Vascular shock results from extreme vasoconstriction
Vascular shock results from extreme vasoconstriction
Arteries always carry blood away from the heart, while veins always carry blood toward the heart.
Arteries always carry blood away from the heart, while veins always carry blood toward the heart.
Capillaries have walls consisting of a thin tunica media, one cell thick, and allow only a single red blood cell to pass at a time.
Capillaries have walls consisting of a thin tunica media, one cell thick, and allow only a single red blood cell to pass at a time.
Venules are formed when capillary beds unite and allow fluids and white blood cells to pass from the bloodstream to tissues.
Venules are formed when capillary beds unite and allow fluids and white blood cells to pass from the bloodstream to tissues.
Veins have much lower blood pressure and thinner walls than arteries.
Veins have much lower blood pressure and thinner walls than arteries.
Venules are the smallest blood vessels and are composed of endothelium and a few pericytes.
Venules are the smallest blood vessels and are composed of endothelium and a few pericytes.
Veins have thicker walls than arteries.
Veins have thicker walls than arteries.
Muscular arteries are responsible for controlling flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and constriction.
Muscular arteries are responsible for controlling flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and constriction.
The tunica externa of blood vessels is composed of collagen fibers that protect and reinforce the vessels.
The tunica externa of blood vessels is composed of collagen fibers that protect and reinforce the vessels.
The force per unit area exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood is known as blood flow.
The force per unit area exerted on the wall of a blood vessel by its contained blood is known as blood flow.
Capillaries are the largest blood vessels in the circulatory system.
Capillaries are the largest blood vessels in the circulatory system.
Blood pressure is expressed in centimeters of mercury (cm Hg)
Blood pressure is expressed in centimeters of mercury (cm Hg)
The steepest change in blood pressure occurs in the arterioles
The steepest change in blood pressure occurs in the arterioles
Chemicals that decrease blood pressure include norepinephrine and epinephrine
Chemicals that decrease blood pressure include norepinephrine and epinephrine
Maintaining blood pressure requires cooperation of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs
Maintaining blood pressure requires cooperation of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs
Resistance varies inversely with the fourth power of vessel radius
Resistance varies inversely with the fourth power of vessel radius
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