Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

  • Hemorrhage in the spinal canal
  • Trauma to the spinal cord
  • Infection in the spinal column
  • Obstruction or damage to the anterior spinal artery (correct)

    • Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome results only in loss of motor function.

    False

    What type of paralysis does Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome commonly cause?

    Paraplegia

    Patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome may experience urinary ______ due to dysfunction of autonomic systems.

    <p>incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensation is preserved in patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Proprioception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their correct description:

    <p>Paraplegia = Lower limb paralysis Loss of pain sensation = Inability to feel sharp or burning pain Urinary incontinence = Loss of control over urination Fecal incontinence = Loss of control over bowel movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dysregulation of bowel and bladder function is a consequence of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area affected in the spinal cord that leads to lower limb paralysis in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Anterior gray horn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery primarily supplies the upper spinal cord?

    <p>Vertebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior spinal artery supplies the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key vessel for lower spinal cord supply from T10 to T12?

    <p>Artery of Adamkiewicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ artery is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery and provides blood to the right arm.

    <p>right subclavian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following structures with their primary functions:

    <p>Anterior spinal artery = Supplies anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord Posterior spinal arteries = Supplies posterior one-third of the spinal cord Radicular arteries = Connects anterior and posterior supply Lumbar arteries = Supplies lower portions of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the branches of the second part of the subclavian artery?

    <p>Supreme intercostal and deep cervical arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thoracic aorta contributes to the blood supply of the ribs and also has branches that serve the spinal cord.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of damage to the Artery of Adamkiewicz?

    <p>Severe neurological consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ arteries supply blood during specific stages of respiration and to the rib cage.

    <p>Posterior intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Loss of proprioception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation occurs below the level of injury in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of paralysis is commonly caused by Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Paraplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome may experience fecal ______ due to impaired colon and sphincter function.

    <p>incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tract is damaged leading to loss of pain and temperature sensations in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Spinothalamic tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Paraplegia = Loss of motor function in lower limbs Urinary incontinence = Dysfunction of detrusor muscle Fecal incontinence = Impaired colon function Bilateral loss of sensation = Loss of pain and temperature sensation below injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dysregulation of bowel and bladder function is a direct consequence of damage to the anterior spinal artery.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main artery affected in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Anterior spinal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery primarily supplies the upper spinal cord?

    <p>Vertebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior spinal artery supplies the entire spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the anterior radicular artery?

    <p>It supplies the anterior spinal artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ arteries supply the lower portions of the spinal cord.

    <p>lumbar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following arteries with their contributions to spinal cord blood supply:

    <p>Anterior spinal artery = Supplies anterior two-thirds of spinal cord Posterior spinal arteries = Supplies posterior one-third of spinal cord Artery of Adamkiewicz = Supplies anterior spinal artery from T10 to T12 Radicular arteries = Connect anterior and posterior supplies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries branch from the thoracic aorta to supply the spinal cord?

    <p>Posterior intercostal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The left common carotid artery is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the vasa corona connect?

    <p>It connects the anterior and posterior supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ trunk arises from the second part of the subclavian artery.

    <p>costocervical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery primarily supplies the lower portions of the spinal cord?

    <p>Artery of Adamkiewicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary consequences of anterior spinal artery syndrome?

    <p>Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior spinal artery supplies the entire spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main artery that supplies the upper spinal cord?

    <p>Vertebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anterior spinal artery syndrome only affects the motor functions of the upper limbs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incontinence may occur due to autonomic dysfunction in anterior spinal artery syndrome?

    <p>Urinary and fecal incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ arteries originate from the thoracic aorta and contribute to the spinal cord's blood supply.

    <p>lumbar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following arteries with their primary functions:

    <p>Brachiocephalic artery = Branches to supply right arm Left common carotid artery = Supplies the left side of the head and neck Left subclavian artery = Supplies blood to the left arm Thoracic aorta = Supplies blood to the ribs and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ horn is affected in anterior spinal artery syndrome, leading to lower limb paralysis.

    <p>anterior gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the blood supply to the spinal cord?

    <p>Radicular arteries provide additional supply to the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is impaired due to anterior spinal artery syndrome?

    <p>Dysregulation of bowel and bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with aortic aneurysms do not experience neurological deficits post-surgery.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their descriptions:

    <p>Paraplegia = Paralysis of the lower limbs Loss of pain sensation = Damage to the spinothalamic tract Urinary incontinence = Overflow from detrusor muscle paresis Fecal incontinence = Impaired colon and sphincter function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vascular structure provides a connection between the anterior and posterior spinal supply?

    <p>Vasa corona</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior spinal artery is responsible for supplying blood to the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the artery that supplies the anterior spinal artery.

    <p>Anterior radicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensory loss is experienced below the level of injury in anterior spinal artery syndrome?

    <p>Loss of pain and temperature sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensation is lost below the level of injury in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Pain and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Urinary incontinence may occur in patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome due to detrusor muscle paresis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of paralysis occurs in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Paraplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome may experience ______ incontinence as a result of dysregulation in bowel functions.

    <p>fecal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms with their descriptions:

    <p>Paraplegia = Lower limb paralysis Loss of pain sensation = Bilateral loss below injury Loss of temperature sensation = Dysfunction of spinothalamic tract Autonomic dysfunction = Urinary and fecal incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the consequences of blood supply disruption in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Dysfunctions in bowel and bladder control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All sensory functions are preserved in patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tract is damaged leading to loss of pain and temperature sensations in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Spinothalamic tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord?

    <p>Anterior spinal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The left subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic artery.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key vessel that supplies the lower portions of the spinal cord from T10 to T12?

    <p>Artery of Adamkiewicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ arteries branch from the thoracic aorta and provide blood to the spinal cord.

    <p>posterior intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following arteries with their function:

    <p>Brachiocephalic artery = Branches into right subclavian and right common carotid Costocervical trunk = Supplies deep cervical and supreme intercostal Lumbar arteries = Supply the lower spinal cord Vertebral artery = Primary supply for upper spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential impact of vascular events affecting the spinal cord?

    <p>Neurological deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior radicular artery supplies blood to the posterior spinal arteries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure provides a connection between the anterior and posterior spinal supply?

    <p>Vasa corona</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ arteries supply blood to the ribs and give branches to the spinal cord.

    <p>posterior intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery?

    <p>First part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The posterior spinal arteries supply the anterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the anterior spinal artery from T10 to T12?

    <p>Artery of Adamkiewicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______________ artery supplies blood to the ribs and has branches that serve the spinal cord.

    <p>thoracic aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the arteries with their primary contributions:

    <p>Brachiocephalic artery = Branches into right subclavian artery Left common carotid artery = Supplies left side of the head and neck Left subclavian artery = Supplies left arm Thoracic aorta = Supplies intercostal arteries and lumbar arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the upper portions of the spinal cord?

    <p>Anterior spinal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radicular arteries are responsible for connecting the anterior and posterior spinal arteries.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What arteries contribute to supplying the lower portions of the spinal cord?

    <p>Lumbar arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The deep cervical artery is a branch of the ____________________ trunk.

    <p>costocervical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensation is lost below the level of injury in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Pain and temperature sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome can lead to urinary incontinence due to autonomic dysfunction.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of paralysis caused by Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Paraplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome, damage to the anterior gray horn results in lower limb ______.

    <p>paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following symptoms to their descriptions in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome:

    <p>Paraplegia = Loss of lower limb movement Urinary incontinence = Inability to control bladder function Fecal incontinence = Inability to control bowel function Loss of pain and temperature sensation = Bilateral sensory loss below the level of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure's dysfunction contributes to fecal incontinence in patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Colonic sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All sensory functions remain intact in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incontinence may occur due to the dysfunction of the autonomic systems in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Urinary incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying the anterior spinal artery from T10 to T12?

    <p>Artery of Adamkiewicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The posterior spinal arteries supply the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one branch of the second part of the subclavian artery.

    <p>Costocervical trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ arteries supply the ribs and also give branches to the spinal cord.

    <p>Posterior intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following arteries with their primary supply:

    <p>Anterior spinal artery = Anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord Posterior spinal arteries = Posterior one-third of the spinal cord Artery of Adamkiewicz = Lower spinal cord supply Costocervical trunk = Supplies neck and upper back regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main arterial source for the upper spinal cord?

    <p>Vertebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior radicular artery supplies the posterior spinal arteries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vascular structure connects the anterior and posterior supply of the spinal cord?

    <p>Vasa corona</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with vascular issues may experience significant neurological ______ post-surgery.

    <p>deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary symptoms of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Paraplegia and loss of pain and temperature sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients with Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome may experience fecal incontinence.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of damage to the anterior gray horn in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Lower limb paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients may lose _____ and temperature sensation below the level of injury due to the destruction of the spinothalamic tract.

    <p>pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the symptoms of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome with their descriptions:

    <p>Paraplegia = Loss of motor function in lower limbs Loss of pain sensation = Inability to feel pain below injury level Urinary incontinence = Overflow caused by detrusor muscle paresis Fecal incontinence = Impaired colon and sphincter function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the impact of vascular complications on spinal cord injuries?

    <p>They disrupt blood supply, causing significant neurological deficits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Loss of proprioception is a common symptom of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dysfunction might result from autonomic system impairment in Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome?

    <p>Urinary incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Blood supply is crucial for spinal cord function; vascular events can lead to severe complications.
    • Patients with vascular issues like aortic aneurysms may experience significant neurological deficits post-surgery.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • The blood supply originates from the left side of the heart, progressing to the aorta and branching into several key arteries:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • The right subclavian artery branches from the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • The left and right subclavian arteries are divided into three parts by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Gives rise to the vertebral artery (primary supply for upper spinal cord).
      • Second part: The costocervical trunk, which further divides into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • The thoracic aorta gives off:
      • Posterior intercostal arteries that supply the ribs and also give branches to the spinal cord.
      • Lumbar arteries for the lower portions of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery supplies the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries supply the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries:
      • Anterior radicular artery: Supplies the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery: Supplies the posterior spinal arteries.
      • Vasa corona: A connection between anterior and posterior supply.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz (great anterior segmental medullary artery):
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from T10 to T12 and below. Damage can lead to severe neurological consequences.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Occurs due to an obstruction or damage to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects:
      • Anterior gray horn: Leads to lower limb paralysis (paraplegia).
      • Loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of injury due to damaged spinothalamic tract.
      • Dysfunction of autonomic systems causing:
        • Urinary incontinence (overflow due to detrusor muscle paresis).
        • Fecal incontinence from impaired colon and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms include:
      • Paraplegia affecting lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below injury.
      • Dysregulation of bowel and bladder function leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Understanding spinal cord blood supply helps in diagnosing and managing spinal cord injuries and effects from vascular complications.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

    Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord

    • Vascular integrity is essential for spinal cord functionality; disruptions may lead to serious complications.
    • Post-surgery neurological deficits are common in patients with pre-existing vascular issues such as aortic aneurysms.

    Main Blood Vessels

    • Blood supply is derived from the heart, flows to the aorta, and branches into:
      • Brachiocephalic artery
      • Left common carotid artery
      • Left subclavian artery
    • Right subclavian artery branches off the brachiocephalic artery.

    Subclavian Artery Branches

    • Divided into three segments by the anterior scalene muscle:
      • First part: Supplies the vertebral artery, which is critical for the upper spinal cord.
      • Second part: Gives rise to the costocervical trunk, which branches into:
        • Supreme intercostal artery
        • Deep cervical artery

    Thoracic Aorta Contributions

    • Supplies posterior intercostal arteries, which provide blood to the ribs and the spinal cord.
    • Lumbar arteries contribute blood to the lower segments of the spinal cord.

    Spinal Cord Vascularization

    • Anterior spinal artery provides blood to the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord.
    • Posterior spinal arteries service the posterior one-third of the spinal cord.

    Important Connections

    • Radicular arteries play a significant role:
      • Anterior radicular artery enhances the blood supply to the anterior spinal artery.
      • Posterior radicular artery boosts the posterior spinal arteries.
    • Vasa corona facilitates connections between anterior and posterior blood supplies.

    Key Vessel for Lower Spinal Cord Supply

    • Artery of Adamkiewicz, also known as the great anterior segmental medullary artery:
      • Supplies the anterior spinal artery from thoracic vertebrae T10 to T12 and below.
      • Damage to this artery can result in severe neurological deficits.

    Clinical Correlation: Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome

    • Results from an obstruction or trauma to the anterior spinal artery.
    • Affects anterior gray horn, leading to lower limb paralysis or paraplegia.
    • Results in loss of pain and temperature sensation below the injury, due to compromised spinothalamic tract.
    • Dysfunction in autonomic systems can cause:
      • Urinary incontinence (often overflow in nature due to detrusor muscle weakness).
      • Fecal incontinence due to impaired colonic and sphincter function.

    Consequences of Blood Supply Disruption

    • Symptoms of disrupted blood flow include:
      • Paraplegia, affecting movement in the lower extremities.
      • Bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the site of injury.
      • Bowel and bladder dysfunction leading to incontinence.

    Summary

    • Insight into spinal cord blood supply is vital for effective diagnosis and management of spinal cord injuries and vascular-related issues.

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of the blood supply to the spinal cord, focusing on the main arteries involved and their origins. Understanding the significance of these vessels is essential for comprehending vascular-related neurological deficits in patients. This quiz will enhance your knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of spinal cord blood supply.

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