Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying the eye and orbital structures?
Which artery is primarily responsible for supplying the eye and orbital structures?
- Choroidal artery
- Ophthalmic artery (correct)
- Posterior communicating artery
- Anterior cerebral artery
What is the primary function of the posterior communicating artery?
What is the primary function of the posterior communicating artery?
- To supply the internal capsule
- To connect the internal carotid artery to the posterior cerebral artery (correct)
- To join the internal carotid artery to the anterior cerebral artery
- To directly supply the frontal lobe
Which artery branches off the internal carotid artery to supply structures in the lateral ventricle?
Which artery branches off the internal carotid artery to supply structures in the lateral ventricle?
- Middle cerebral artery
- Choroidal artery (correct)
- Ophthalmic artery
- Anterior cerebral artery
Where does the internal carotid artery bifurcate into its terminal branches?
Where does the internal carotid artery bifurcate into its terminal branches?
What structure does the anterior cerebral artery join with from the opposite side?
What structure does the anterior cerebral artery join with from the opposite side?
What anatomical feature does the internal carotid artery possess at its origin?
What anatomical feature does the internal carotid artery possess at its origin?
What is the primary artery that supplies blood to the majority of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres?
What is the primary artery that supplies blood to the majority of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres?
Which artery emerges from the carotid canal of the temporal bone?
Which artery emerges from the carotid canal of the temporal bone?
What area does the anterior cerebral artery primarily supply?
What area does the anterior cerebral artery primarily supply?
Which artery is the largest branch of the internal carotid artery?
Which artery is the largest branch of the internal carotid artery?
Where does the vertebral artery enter the skull?
Where does the vertebral artery enter the skull?
What does the posterior spinal artery descend on?
What does the posterior spinal artery descend on?
Which of the following areas is not supplied by the middle cerebral artery?
Which of the following areas is not supplied by the middle cerebral artery?
Which artery supplies the bone and dura in the posterior cranial fossa?
Which artery supplies the bone and dura in the posterior cranial fossa?
What forms the anterior spinal artery?
What forms the anterior spinal artery?
What structure do central branches of the arteries usually supply?
What structure do central branches of the arteries usually supply?
Flashcards
Internal Carotid Artery
Internal Carotid Artery
A major artery supplying the brain, branching off from the common carotid artery.
Circle of Willis
Circle of Willis
A network of interconnected arteries at the base of the brain that provides alternative routes for blood flow.
Anterior Cerebral Artery
Anterior Cerebral Artery
A branch of the internal carotid artery, supplying the frontal and parietal lobes.
Middle Cerebral Artery
Middle Cerebral Artery
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Vertebral Arteries
Vertebral Arteries
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Posterior Communicating Artery
Posterior Communicating Artery
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Ophthalmic Artery
Ophthalmic Artery
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Choroidal Artery
Choroidal Artery
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Basilar Artery
Basilar Artery
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Anterior Spinal Artery
Anterior Spinal Artery
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Posterior Spinal Artery
Posterior Spinal Artery
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Cranial Branches
Cranial Branches
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Study Notes
Blood Supply of the Brain
- The brain's blood supply originates from two internal carotid arteries and two vertebral arteries.
- These arteries lie in the subarachnoid space and connect to form the circle of Willis.
Internal Carotid Artery
- Begins at the common carotid artery bifurcation, often with a carotid sinus dilation.
- Passes through the temporal bone's carotid canal to the cavernous sinus, and then into the subarachnoid space.
- Divides into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.
- Branches:
- Ophthalmic artery: Supplies the eye and orbital structures, and portions of the scalp, sinuses, and nose.
- Posterior communicating artery: Connects the internal carotid to the posterior cerebral artery, part of the circle of Willis.
- Choroidal artery: Supplies the choroid plexus, optic tract, and surrounding structures.
- Anterior cerebral artery: Supplies the medial surface of the brain, including the "leg area." Branches also supply the lentiform and caudate nuclei.
- Middle cerebral artery: The largest branch, supplying the lateral surface of each hemisphere (excluding the "leg area"). Branches also supply the lentiform and caudate nuclei.
Vertebral Artery
- Branches from the subclavian artery and ascends through cervical vertebrae foramina (holes).
- Enters the skull via the foramen magnum, and proceeds into the subarachnoid space.
- Passes upwards, forwards, and medially on the medulla oblongata.
- Joins its counterpart to form the basilar artery at the pons' lower border.
- Branches:
- Meningeal branches: Supply bone and dura mater in the posterior cranial fossa.
- Posterior spinal artery: Supplies the posterior spinal cord. Receives support from radicular arteries entering the vertebral canal.
- Anterior spinal artery: Formed from a branch of each vertebral artery; supplies the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata.
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