Blood Spatter Patterns Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the angle of impact?

  • The location from which spatter originated
  • The area where bloodstains converge
  • A hypothesis of the crime sequence
  • The angle formed between the direction of a blood drop and the surface it strikes (correct)

    • What does the area of convergence indicate?

    The location of the blood source in two dimensions.

    What is an area of origin?

    The three-dimensional location from which spatter originated.

    What is arterial spray?

    <p>A spurt of blood from a severed major artery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define back spatter.

    <p>Blood directed back toward the source of energy or force causing the spatter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What creates a cast-off pattern?

    <p>Blood drops released from a moving object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does crime scene reconstruction involve?

    <p>Hypothesizing the sequence of events before and during a crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a drip trail pattern?

    <p>A pattern of bloodstains formed by dripping blood from a moving surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expirated blood pattern?

    <p>A pattern created by blood expelled from the respiratory system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a flow pattern?

    <p>Changes in the shape and direction of bloodstains due to gravity or movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define forward spatter.

    <p>Blood that travels in the same direction as the source of the energy or force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered high velocity spatter?

    <p>A bloodstain pattern formed by high-speed impact or force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Characterize impact spatter.

    <p>A pattern produced when an object forcefully contacts a blood source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define low velocity spatter.

    <p>Drops with diameters of 4 mm or more from an applied force of up to 5 ft/sec.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does medium velocity spatter refer to?

    <p>Drops with diameters between 1-4 mm from an applied force of 5 to 25 ft/sec.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is satellite spatter?

    <p>Small droplets of blood around a drop or pool of blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does skeletonization mean in blood spatter analysis?

    <p>When the soft tissue is removed from the bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a transfer pattern?

    <p>A bloodstain pattern created when a bloodied surface contacts a non-bloodied one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define void in the context of blood spatter.

    <p>An absence of stains in an otherwise continuous bloodstain pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which are sources of blood spatter? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Cast-off Spatter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of spatter pattern does a gunshot produce?

    <p>Fine forward spatter from an exit wound and back spatter from an entrance wound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by documenting bloodstain evidence?

    <p>Noting, studying, and photographing each blood pattern to record its location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Two techniques for documenting bloodstain evidence are the ______ method and the ______ method.

    <p>Grid; Perimeter ruler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do general bloodstain features indicate?

    <p>Insight into violent crime events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can pattern interpretation uncover? (Select all that apply)

    <p>The position of the victim at the time a bloody wound was inflicted (AOC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does surface texture affect blood spatter?

    <p>Harder and less porous surfaces result in less spatter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can directionality and angle of impact (AOI) be determined?

    <p>By measuring the degree of circular distortion of a bloodstain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define area of convergence (AOC).

    <p>The point on a two-dimensional plane from which drops in a pattern originated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does area of origin (AOO) denote?

    <p>The 3D space from which blood was projected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Spatter Patterns

    • Angle of Impact: Refers to the acute angle between the direction of a blood droplet and the struck surface.

    • Area of Convergence: Indicates the location of the blood source on a two-dimensional plane, derived from intersections of lines through the long axes of stains.

    • Area of Origin: The three-dimensional space where the blood spatter originated.

    • Arterial Spray: Characterized by spurts of blood from a severed artery, with patterns evolving as the heart pumps.

    • Back Spatter: Blood that moves back towards the source of the force causing the spatter.

    • Cast-off Pattern: Created by blood droplets released due to movement of a blood-covered object.

    • Crime Scene Reconstruction: Hypothesis that outlines the sequence of events before, during, and after a crime.

    • Drip Trail Pattern: Bloodstains form a recognizable path as blood drips from a moving person or object.

    • Expirated Blood Pattern: Blood expelled from the mouth or nose due to internal injury, influenced by airflow.

    • Flow Pattern: Alteration in bloodstain shape and direction caused by gravity or object movement.

    • Forward Spatter: Blood that travels in the same direction as the source of energy that caused the spatter.

    • High Velocity Spatter: Patterns from high-speed impacts (over 100 ft/sec); typically produces droplets smaller than 1 mm.

    • Impact Spatter: Bloodstains produced from an object striking a blood source, ejecting blood droplets outward.

    • Low Velocity Spatter: Larger droplets (4 mm or more) caused by minimal applied force (up to 5 ft/sec).

    • Medium Velocity Spatter: Droplets with diameters between 1-4 mm stemming from a force of 5-25 ft/sec, commonly seen in attacks such as beatings.

    • Satellite Spatter: Small droplets around a primary blood drop resulting from its impact on a surface.

    • Skeletonization: Occurs when bloodstains dry, leading to a perimeter that can reveal the timing of the incident.

    • Transfer Pattern: Created when a bloodied object comes in contact with a clean surface, often revealing imprints.

    • Void Pattern: Indicates a blockage in blood spatter deposition, showing the outline of the obstructing object.

    • Sources of Blood Spatter: Include types like impact spatter, cast-off spatter, and arterial spray spatter.

    • Impact Bloodstain Patterns: Differentiates between forward spatter (outward) and back spatter (backward).

    • Classifying Impact Spatter: Velocity impacts classification; useful for understanding crime nature but not definitive in detail.

    • Gunshot Spatter: Comprises fine forward spatter from exit wounds and potential back spatter from entrance wounds.

    • Documenting Bloodstain Evidence: Critical for accuracy; involves noting, studying, and photographing patterns.

    • Bloodstains Can Tell a Story: Offers insights into the victim's movements, type of weapon used, and relationship to the assailant.

    • Methods for Documenting Evidence: Grid method and perimeter ruler method for accurate measurements around patterns.

    • General Bloodstain Features: Patterns on various surfaces reveal vital information about violent crime occurrences.

    • Pattern Interpretation: Reveals the blood's origin direction, impact angles, and victim positioning during the crime.

    • Effects of Surface Texture: Harder and less porous surfaces yield less spatter, while absorbent surfaces enhance spreading.

    • Directionality and Angle of Impact (AOI): Bloodstain shape indicates travel direction; angles can be measured using a specific trigonometric equation.

    • Area of Convergence (AOC): Assists in identifying the point where blood stains originated in a two-dimensional layout.

    • Area of Origin (AOO): Dimensions of blood projection can reveal the position of individuals during the injury event, approximated using string methods.

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    Test your knowledge of blood spatter patterns with these flashcards. Each card presents a term related to blood spatter analysis, along with its definition. Perfect for forensic science students or anyone interested in crime scene investigation.

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