Blood Smear & ABO-Rh Typing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following stains is commonly used for blood smears?

  • Wright stain (correct)
  • Methylene blue
  • Safranin
  • Crystal Violet

    • What is the primary purpose of using immersion oil in microscopy?

    To improve resolution

    What is the purpose of the warming box in the staining process?

  • To enhance the staining reaction
  • To prevent bacterial contamination
  • To dry the slides quickly
  • To fix the blood cells to the slide (correct)

    • What is the purpose of alcohol preps when taking a blood sample?

    <p>To disinfect the puncture site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to dispose of used lancets?

    <p>In a sharps container (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagents are used for ABO blood typing?

    <p>Anti-A, Anti-B, and anti-D sera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a blood sample agglutinates with both anti-A and anti-B sera, what is the blood type?

    <p>AB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does agglutination with anti-D serum indicate?

    <p>The person is Rh positive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Rh' in ABO-Rh blood typing refer to?

    <p>The Rhesus factor (D antigen) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope is used to examine blood smears?

    <p>Compound light microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do anti-A and anti-B sera contain?

    <p>Antibodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a blood sample does not agglutinate with any of the anti-A, anti-B, or anti-D sera, what is the blood type?

    <p>O- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are "Hype-Wipes" used for in a laboratory setting involving blood?

    <p>Disinfecting surfaces and cleaning spills, especially blood spills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a gauze pad after a finger prick?

    <p>To absorb the blood and stop bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fixing the blood smear (although not explicitly mentioned, it's an implied step)?

    <p>To preserve the cell morphology and adhere them to the slide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of steps related to slide preparation and viewing?

    <p>Smear blood, fix, stain, view under microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the absence of agglutination with all antisera (anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D) indicate?

    <p>Blood type O- (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Ward's 36W0019 kit mentioned is a...

    <p>Simulated ABO-Rh blood typing kit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of erythrocytes?

    <p>Red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of leukocytes?

    <p>White blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of platelets?

    <p>Thrombocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelets are not blood cells. They are cytoplasmic fragments, split from large cells called mega-karyocytes in the bone marrow.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelets have a dark-staining granular portion called a chromomere surrounded by a light-staining cytoplasmic portion called a Hyalomere.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of platelets in blood normally range from 150,000 to 350,000 per microliter of blood.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelets play several important roles in hemostasis.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leukocytes are actually white; they appear translucent or colorless in an unstained preparation because they don't contain colored pigment as do erythrocytes.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In contrast to erythrocytes, all leukocytes contain a nucleus.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leukocytes can be divided into two groups, based on the appearance of their cytoplasm.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Granulocytes contain large granules that are easily distinguished by the presence of large granules.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agranulocytes contain cytoplasm that appears relatively homogenous or free of large granules.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Granulocytes consist of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Granulocytes are produced in the bone marrow and range in size from 10 - 14 µm in diameter.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytoplasm of granulocytes contains large granules, mostly lysosomes, and their nuclei appear irregular and lobular, hence they are frequently called polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Agranulocytes consist of lymphocytes and monocytes.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lymphocytes and monocytes are produced in lymphatic tissue, such as lymph nodes and spleen.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monocytes are produced in bone marrow.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nucleus of lymphocytes and monocytes is generally spherical, and occasionally indented, giving rise to a horseshoe shape.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The amount of cytoplasm is reduced in agranulocytes because of its relatively large nucleus.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leukocytes combat foreign substances that enter the body.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leukocytes fight foreign substances in the body in the following ways: 1. Phagocytosis, 2. Take up toxins, 3. Release enzymes, 4. Produce antibodies and other important substances.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erythrocytes are biconcave, disk shaped cells.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erythrocytes have a diameter of approximately 8.5 µm and a thickness of 2.5 µm (near the edge of the cell).

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The biconcave discoid shape of the erythrocyte is ideal because it allows the red cells to rapidly exchange CO2 and O2 with plasma.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gas exchange, specifically the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood is the erythrocyte's primary function.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mature circulating erythrocytes do not have a nucleus.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    About 35% of an erythrocyte is composed of a respiratory pigment and hemoglobin.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hemoglobin, when bound with oxygen, imparts a red color to the cell.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The biconcave shape of an erythrocyte is attributed to tension of the cell membrane and the interaction with intracellular contents.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abnormally shaped erythrocytes, such as sickle cells and microcytes, are frequently due to the presence of abnormal hemoglobin molecules or to an abnormal amount of hemoglobin.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Smear Preparation and Staining

    • Common stain used for blood smears: Methylene blue.
    • Immersion oil microscopy increases magnification and resolution.
    • Purpose of a warming box: To dry slides quickly and enhance staining reaction.
    • Alcohol prep purpose: Disinfect the puncture site to prevent clotting.
    • Proper disposal of used lancets: Sharps container.

    ABO-Rh Blood Typing

    • Agglutination with anti-D serum indicates Rh positive.
    • Anti-A and anti-B sera contain antibodies.
    • Absence of agglutination with any sera: Blood type O-.
    • "Rh" in ABO-Rh blood typing refers to the Rhesus factor (D antigen).
    • If a blood sample agglutinates with both anti-A and anti-B sera, blood type is AB.

    Hype-Wipes

    • Used for cleaning microscope slides and spills.

    Blood Smear Specifics

    • Fixing the blood smear preserves cell morphology and adheres them to the slide.
    • Correct order for slide preparation and viewing: Smear blood, fix, stain, view under microscope.
    • Absence of agglutination with anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D indicates blood type O-.
    • The Ward's 36W019 kit is a blood staining kit.

    Blood Cells and Blood Types

    • Whole blood consists of formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets).

    • Platelets are cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes in bone marrow.

    • Platelets are small, anucleate bodies about 2-4 micrometers in diameter.

    • They consist of a dark-staining granular portion (chromomere) surrounded by a light-staining cytoplasmic portion (hyalomere).

    • Platelets are 150,000 to 350,000 per microliter of blood and important for hemostasis.

    Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)

    • Leukocytes are translucent or colorless; they do not contain colored pigments.
    • They are classified as granulocytes or agranulocytes.
    • Granulocytes contain large granules. Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
    • Agranulocytes consist of lymphocytes and monocytes.
    • Leukocytes are produced in bone marrow to combat foreign substances.

    Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)

    • Erythrocytes are biconcave, disk-shaped cells.
    • Diameter approximately 8.5 mm and thickness 2.5 mm.
    • They are ideal for rapid gas exchange with plasma.
    • Erythrocytes do not have a nucleus after development stage in bone marrow.
    • About 35% of an erythrocyte is composed of hemoglobin, a respiratory pigment that binds to oxygen.
    • Biconcave shape due to membrane tension and interaction with intracellular contents; this maximizes surface area for gas exchange.
    • Abnormal shapes may result from abnormal hemoglobin or abnormal hemoglobin amount.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on blood smear preparation and ABO-Rh blood typing. This quiz covers staining techniques, microscope usage, and understanding agglutination in blood types. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.

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