Blood Pressure Measurement Phases Quiz

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Where should the cuff be placed in relation to the artery?

Near the artery

How should the ear pieces of the stethoscope be positioned?

Point away from you

At what level should the cuff be placed for blood pressure measurement?

At the level of the heart

How should you turn the valve to tighten the cuff?

To the right Signup and view all the answers

When should you listen for the first heartbeat while taking blood pressure?

When the sphygmomanometer reads 180 to 200 Signup and view all the answers

What is the top number in blood pressure measurement called?

Systolic BP Signup and view all the answers

What is arterial blood pressure?

Arterial blood pressure can be defined as the lateral pressure exerted by the moving column of blood on the walls of the arteries. Signup and view all the answers

Name two physiological variations that can affect blood pressure.

Diurnal variation and exercise. Signup and view all the answers

What factors can affect blood pressure related to diseases?

Age, heredity, blood volume, weight, diet, hormones, salt, caffeine, environmental factors, psychological factors, stress/anxiety, gravity, drugs, alcohol, and time of day. Signup and view all the answers

How is blood pressure calculated using cardiac output and total peripheral resistance?

Blood Pressure = Cardiac Output (CO) x Total Peripheral Resistance (PR). Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of cardiac output?

Stroke Volume (SV) x Heart Rate (HR). Signup and view all the answers

Explain the effect of blood volume on systolic blood pressure.

When blood volume increases, venous return, End Diastolic Volume (EDV), and Stroke Volume (SV) increase, leading to a rise in systolic pressure. Conversely, a decrease in blood volume results in decreased venous return, EDV, SV, and a fall in systolic blood pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure?

90-140 mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people over 50 are hypertensive?

30% Signup and view all the answers

Name two predisposing factors for hypertension.

Obesity, Hereditary Signup and view all the answers

List three lifestyle modifications for treating hypertension.

Cessation of smoking, Moderation in alcohol intake, Weight reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is one method for preventing the development of high blood pressure?

Eating a healthy, well-balanced diet Signup and view all the answers

Define hypotension in adults according to the text.

Systolic pressure below 100mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

List three causes of hypotension mentioned in the text.

Hemorrhage, Dehydration, Vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Phase I in the character sounds (Chortkoff) when measuring blood pressure?

No sound is heard if the pressure is above the systolic level. Signup and view all the answers

What does Diastolic Blood Pressure (D.B.P) represent?

D.B.P represents the minimum pressure at the end of ventricular diastole. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for Systolic Blood Pressure (S.B.P)?

The normal range for S.B.P is 120 + 20 mm Hg. Signup and view all the answers

What contributes mainly to S.B.P?

Force of heart beat, normal blood volume, and cardiac output contribute to S.B.P. Signup and view all the answers

What does the disappearance of sound in Phase V of character sounds represent?

The disappearance of sound represents the diastolic pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What does Diastolic Blood Pressure represent in terms of arterial walls?

D.B.P represents a constant load on the arterial walls with little or no fluctuation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Phase IV in character sounds when measuring blood pressure?

Phase IV represents a muffled sound. Signup and view all the answers

What causes the first heart sound (S1) and how is it heard?

Vibrations setup by sudden closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves at the start of the ventricular systole. Heard as 'Lub' using the diaphragm of the stethoscope. Signup and view all the answers

What causes the second heart sound (S2) and how is it heard?

Caused by vibrations set up by sudden closure of aortic and pulmonary valves after the end of ventricular systole. Heard as 'DUP' using the diaphragm of the stethoscope. Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the bell and diaphragm of the stethoscope during auscultation of the heart?

The bell transmits low frequency sounds while the diaphragm transmits higher frequency sounds. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of heart sounds that can be heard during auscultation?

Normal heart sounds (first, second, sometimes third) and abnormal heart sounds (fourth, murmur, or other added sounds). Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of abnormal heart sounds during auscultation?

The abnormal heart sounds such as the fourth heart sound, murmurs, or other added sounds are due to various cardiac conditions that affect the normal flow of blood through the heart. Signup and view all the answers